Society of Thirty
The Society of Thirty (French Société des Trente , also Comité des Trente ) is the name of a faction of the French Revolution of 1789. It helped to influence the drafting of the Cahiers de Doléances ( books of complaint) and the elections to the general estates check. Almost every member was later elected MP. Seven later belonged to the 47 members of the nobility who joined the Third Estate to establish the National Assembly .
Foundation and goals
Adrien Duport , adviser to the Paris Parliament, founded a “constitutional club” in November 1788, the members of which, in part, consist of the Neuf Sœurs Lodge (= Lodge of the Nine Sisters) and the Loge du Contrat Social (= Lodge of the Social Contract, located in rue Coq -Heron) met in his hotel . A large number of the members already belonged to a society for the liberation of the slaves , a club founded on February 19, 1788 by Brissot de Warwille and by the Marquis de Condorcet in the Hôtel de Lussan on rue Croix-des-Petits-Champs in Paris who believed that the American Revolution heralded a "renewal of the globe" and the abolition of slavery.
A manifesto summarizing the Liberal Program of the Society of Thirty , published in February 1789 , enabled its founder to participate in the Estates General. Society had an impact on the provinces organized in local committees.
Members
The society united the elite of the revolutionary bourgeoisie and the liberal nobility with a few prelates, thus encompassing all three existing estates.
- From the 1st stand
- Pierre-Augustin Robert de Saint Vincent , (1725–1799), representative of Jansenism ;
- Talleyrand , general agent of the clergy, future deputy of the clergy to the Estates-General;
- Anne-Pierre de Montesquiou-Fézensac (1739–1798), future deputy of the clergy of Paris at the Estates General;
- Louis Abbé , editor of the Cahiers for the Saint-André-des-Arts area , not elected as MP;
- Abbé Sieyès ( Neuf Sœurs ) (1748–1836), future deputy of the Third Estate of Paris at the Estates General;
- From the 2nd stand
- Adrien Duport , founder, future deputy of the nobility at the Estates General;
- Marquis de La Fayette (Coq-Héron) (1757–1834), veteran of the American Revolutionary War, future deputy of the Auvergne nobility at the Estates General, future founder of the National Guard ;
- Theodore de Lameth (1760–1829) and Alexandre de Lameth (1756–1854), veterans of the American War of Independence, future members of the nobility in the Estates General, the latter is one of the 47 members of the aristocracy who have joined the Third Estate to form the National Assembly, future commanders of the National Guard;
- La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt (Coq-Héron), friend and translator of Benjamin Franklin , future deputy of the Paris nobility to the Estates General, is one of the 47 aristocrats who joined the Third Estate to form the National Assembly.
- Marquis de Condorcet (1743–1794), future deputy from Paris to the Legislative Assembly,
- Saint-Just , future nobility delegate to the Estates General, is one of the 47 aristocrats who joined the Third Estate to form the National Assembly.
- de Montesquiou , future deputy from the nobility of the nobility to the Estates General, is one of the 47 deputies from the nobility who have joined the Third Estate to give validity to the National Assembly.
- Louis-Michel Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau (1760–1793), future member of the Paris nobility at the Estates General, is one of the 47 members of the nobility who joined the Third Estate to form the National Assembly.
- Luyne (1748–1807), the Duke will be the future deputy of the nobility of Tours at the Estates General, is one of the 47 deputies from the nobility who have joined the Third Estate to form the National Assembly.
- Armand-Désiré de Vignerot du Plessis (11761–1800), future member of the nobility at the Estates General, is one of the 47 members of the nobility who have joined the Third Estate to form the National Assembly.
- Antoine Destutt de Tracy (1754–1836), future deputy of the Bourbonnais nobility ;
- Mirabeau , future deputy of the Third Estate of Marseilles to the Estates General;
- Laborde , banker, future deputy of the third estate of Etampes at the general estates .
- From the 3rd stand
- Guy Target (1733–1807), Jansenist , editor at Guillotin ( Neuf Sœurs ) of the Paris Cahiers and future deputy of the Third Estate of Paris at the Estates General, future editor at Camus , with whom he worked on the civil constitution of the clergy ;
- Nicolas Bergasse (1750–1839), with de Brissot and Étienne Clavière, founders of the Gallo-American Society , future deputy of the Third Estate in Lyon at the General Assembly, later becomes reactionary;
- Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours (1739-1817), future deputy of the Third Estate of Nemours at the Estates General, future American citizen, will sell Louisiana for France;
- Constantin François Volney ( Neuf Sœurs ), atheist orientalist, author of the conditions necessary for the legality of the Estates General in 1788, admirer of Benjamin Franklin in the salon of Anne-Catherine Helvetius , future deputy of the Third Estate of Craon , one of the first to create the National Guard arranged;
- Huet de Semonville , (1759–1839) future deputy deputy of the Third Estate of Paris at the Estates General, at that time a member of the Paris Commune ;
- Pierre-Louis Roederer , future deputy of the Third Estate of Metz to the Estates General, then to the Constituent Assembly, Secretary of the Jacobins ;
- Dominique Joseph Garat ( Neuf Sœurs ), future deputy of the Third Estate of Labourd to the States General, will be one of the commissioners in charge of negotiating the three- estate assembly.
- Nicolas François de Neufchâteau ( Neuf Sœurs ) (1750–1828), future deputy of the Third Estate of the Vosges to the Estates General;
- Étienne Clavière (1735–1793), Geneva banker, friend of Talleyrand, Mirabeau, de Brissot, with whom he founded the Societé Amis des Noirs (= "Society of Friends of the Blacks"); later head of government
- Isaac Panchaud (1737–1789), banker in London and Paris of Swiss origin, advisor to Talleyrand;
- Antoine Sabatier (1742–1817), author of a treatise on sovereignty, called himself "Abbé" without justification;
literature
- Timothy Tackett: Becoming a Revolutionary. The Deputies of the French National Assembly and the Emergence of a Revolutionary Culture (1789-1790) . Pennsylvania: Penn State Press 2006. ISBN 978-0-27102888-0
Web links
- 1789 L'année sans pareille 4. La Société des Trente et l'opinion publique Le Monde, July 15, 1988
References and comments
- ^ Saint-Jean d'Écosse du Contrat social , named after Jean Jacques Rousseau's book Du contrat social , accessed on May 20, 2020,