Chickweed

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chickweed
Neuchâtel Herbarium - Spergularia segetalis - NEU000033178.jpg

Chickweed ( Spergularia segetalis )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Paronychioideae
Genre : Chickweed ( Spergularia )
Type : Chickweed
Scientific name
Spergularia segetalis
( L. ) G.Don

The chickweed ( Spergularia segetalis ), also called cereal chickweed or grain chickweed , is a species of chickweed ( Spergularia ) within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae).

description

The chickweed is an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 3 to 10 centimeters. The upright, bare stem is branched in the upper part. The opposite arranged leaves are 10 to 15 millimeters long and only 0.3 to 0.8 millimeters wide, sub-like. There are small, white-skinned stipules .

The flowering period extends from June to July. The flowers stand together in a very loose, racemose-cone or panicle-cone inflorescence . The flower stalks are very thin, several times longer than the calyx. The flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five 1.5 to 2 millimeters long, broadly lanceolate, dry-skinned sepals have a green dorsal nerve. The five white petals are shorter than the sepals. There are three styluses.

The capsule fruit is three-lobed.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

ecology

The chickweed is a therophyte .

Occurrence

The chickweed is a sub-Atlantic flora element . The distribution area extends from Morocco to Spain via France to Central Europe and Northern Italy .

The chickweed grows best on loam or clay soils that are poor in lime , at least slightly acidic, poor in humus and not too nutritious , although they can be a bit sandy if they are sufficiently compacted. It colonizes moist, waterlogging, little overgrown furrows, but also goes to roadsides if they have suitable open ground. It occurs very rarely in the mouth of the Main , in the Wiesetal in the southern Black Forest , in southern Alsace and in Thuringia . In Central Europe it is a character species of the Centunculo-Anthocerotetum from the Nanocyperion association.

The chickweed has never been common in Central Europe, but it lost most of its Central European locations after the Second World War due to changes in working methods in agriculture ( drainage , greater loosening of the soil).

Taxonomy

The chickweed ( Spergularia segetalis (L.) G.Don ) is sometimes also in its own genus Delia Dumort. and is then called Delia segetalis (L.) Dumort.

literature

  • Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold , Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: General Part, Special Part (Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta): Lycopodiaceae to Plumbaginaceae. 2nd, supplemented edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3322-9 .
  • Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Spergularia segetalis (L.) G. Don, Saat-Schuppenmiere. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Karol Marhold, 2011: Caryophyllaceae. : Datasheet at Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity . Last accessed on September 24, 2014
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 388.

Web links

Commons : Chickweed ( Spergularia segetalis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files