Gilles de Corbeil

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Pierre Gilles de Corbeil - also Aegidius von Corbeil , Latin Aegidius Corboliensis , also Egidius Corboliensis and Egidius / Aegidius de Corbolio - (* around 1140 in Corbeil ; † around 1224 ) was a French doctor, university professor and poet. He wrote four medical poems and an anti-clerical satire in Latin .

Gilles de Corbeil is considered an important mediator of Salernitan knowledge and is the only known teacher from the early days of the Paris school .

Gilles de Corbeil should not be confused with his contemporary, the poet Gilles de Paris .

Life

Gilles de Corbeil learned the fine arts in Paris and went to Salerno around 1160 to study with the masters of the famous medical school. He then taught medicine in Montpellier and since the end of the 12th century at the Paris School , which was elevated to the rank of university around 1200. There he introduced the Salernitan teaching canon and published it (partly in verse). In Paris he also worked as a canon at the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral and as personal physician to the French King Philip II August (both statements are not scientifically proven).

Works

Gilles de Corbeil is mainly associated with his four medical works:

  • De pulsibus
  • De urinis ( Carmina de urinarum judiciis )
  • Viaticus de signis et symptomatibus aegritudinum
  • De laudibus et virtutibus compositorum medicaminum

All works are written in the dactylic hexameter . Both metrically and in terms of content, they can be assigned to the category of didactic poems . In De pulsibus and De urinis are summaries of Theophilus ' signature to urine or Philaretos ' work to the pulse , in De pulsibus will also be able Galen's works and in technical of Constantine the African as pretexts cited. De laudibus, on the other hand, according to Gilles' own statement, is based on the antidotarium of Matthaeus Platearius .

While De pulsibus and De urinis also found a large audience beyond Paris, the Viaticus and De laudibus were probably hardly received.

Gilles is also discussed as the author of another didactic poem entitled De simplicibus aromaticis (De cognitione quarundam medicinarum) ; However, the authorship is controversial.

In addition to the medical works, Gilles also wrote an anti-clerical satire entitled Hierapigra ad purgandos praelatos , in which he criticized the corruption and nepotism of the contemporary clergy. The play has been translated into several vernacular languages.

Honors

The city of Corbeil-Essonnes has named its hospital in honor of Gilles de Corbeil.

literature

  • Mireille Ausécache: Gilles de Corbeil ou le Médecin Pédagogue Au Tournant des XIIe et XIIIe Siècles. In: Early Science and Medicine. Vol. 3 (1998), No. 3, pp. 187-215 (French).
  • Maurice Bariéty, Charles Coury: Histoire de la Médecine . Fayard, Paris 1963, pp. 325–400 (French)
  • Amaury Duval : Gilles de Corbeil, médecin et poète. In: Ders .: Histoire littéraire de la France : XIIIe siècle. Volume 16 (13th century), Firmin Didot Père et Fils, Paris 1824, pp. 506-511 (French).
  • Gundolf Keil :  Ortolf von Baierland. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , pp. 605 f. ( Digitized version ). (Mention of Gilles de Corbeil's work)
  • Gundolf Keil: Aegidius Corboliensis. In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages . Volume 1, Munich / Zurich 1980, Col. 175 f.
  • Gundolf Keil: Aegidius von Corbeil. In: Werner E. Gerabek u. a. (Ed.): Encyclopedia of medical history. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 8 f.
  • Peter Kliegel: The urine verse of Gilles de Corbeil. 1972 (Medical dissertation, University of Bonn, 1972).
  • Gernot Rath: Gilles de Corbeil as Critic of his Age. In: Bulletin of the History of Medicine 28 (1964) , pp. 133-138.
  • Andrea Rzihacek-Bedő: The School of Salerno. In: This .: Medical science in the Benedictine monastery Admont until 1500. Oldenbourg, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7029-0483-2 , p. 76 ff. (About Gilles de Corbeil p. 83 f.).
  • Joachim Schönen: The Medicines Verses de Gilles de Corbeil. 1972 (medical dissertation, University of Bonn, 1972).
  • Elisabeth Stein: Bitter medicine for depraved clergy. The 'Hierapigra ad purgandos prelatos' by Aegidius by Corbeil . In: Thomas Haye, Franziska Schnoor (Ed.): Epochs of Satire. Lines of tradition of a literary genre in antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance . Hildesheim 2008, pp. 73-93.
  • Karl Sudhoff: Commentators on the urge verse of Gilles de Corbeil . In: Archeion. Archivio di storia della scienza 11 (1929) , pp. 129-135.
  • Johann Philipp Lorenz Withof : Message from a formerly very highly regarded Arzney scholar Aegidius Corboliensis. Duisburg 1751.
  • Camille Vieillard: Essai sur la dociété médicale et religieuse au XII e siécle. Gilles de Corbeil. Médicin de Philippe-Auguste et chanoine de Notre-Dame 1140 - 1224? Paris 1909.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ John W. Baldwin: Masters at Paris from 1179 to 1215: A Social Perspective . In: Robert L. Benson, Giles Constable (Eds.): Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century . Oxford 1982, p. 147 .
  2. ↑ a b see literature Mireille Ausécache. Gilles de Corbeil ou le Médecin Pédagogue Au Tournant des XIIe et XIIIe Siècles
  3. ↑ see literature Andrea Rzihacek-Bedő. The School of Salerno of Medical Science nursing in the Benedictine monastery Admont.
  4. ↑ Egidius: De urinis et pulsibus [...]. Venice 1494.
  5. ^ Camille Vieillard. L'urologie et les médecins urologues dans la médecine ancienne: Gilles de Corbeil , Paris, 1903
  6. ↑ Peter Kliegel. The urine verse of Gilles de Corbeil. Medical dissertation Bonn 1972.
  7. ↑ Friedrich v. Zglinicki : Uroscopy in the fine arts. An art and medical historical study of the urine examination. Ernst Giebeler, Darmstadt 1982, p. 5.
  8. ^ Johann Ludwig Choulant . Aegidii Corboliensis Carmina Medica , Teubner, Leipzig, 1826 (digitized version )
  9. ↑ Valentin Rose . Egidii Corboliensis Viaticus de signis et symptomatibus aegritudinum , Teubner, Leipzig 1907
  10. ^ Johann Ludwig Choulant: Aegidii Corboliensis Carmina Medica . Leipzig 1826.
  11. ↑ Cornelius O'Boyle: The Art of Medicine. Medical Teaching at the University of Paris, 1250-1400 . Suffering u. a. 1998, p. 23 f., 112 f., 156 f .
  12. ^ Gernot Rath: Gilles de Corbeil as Critic of his Age . In: Bulletin of the History of Medicine . tape 38 , 1964, pp. 134 .
  13. ↑ Cornelius O'Boyle: The Art of Medicine. Medical Teaching at the University of Paris, 1250-1400 . Suffering u. a. 1998, p. 113 .
  14. ↑ Mireille Ausécache: Le "De uirtutibus et laudibus compositorum medicaminum" by Gilles de Corbeil (XIIè s.). Edition et commentaire . Paris 2003.
  15. ^ Elisabeth Stein: Clericus in Speculo. Studies on Latin verse satire of the 12th and 13th centuries and first edition of the "Speculum Prelatorum" . Suffering u. a. 1999, p. 26th f .
personal data
SURNAME Gilles de Corbeil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pierre-Gilles de Corbeil (full name); Egidius de Corbolio (Latinized name); Aegidius de Corbolio (Latinized name); Egidius Corboliensis (Latinized name); Aegidius Corboliensis (Latinized name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Medieval physicians, teachers and poets
DATE OF BIRTH around 1140
PLACE OF BIRTH Corbeil , Île-de-France , France
DATE OF DEATH around 1224