Johann Ludwig Choulant

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Johann Ludwig Choulant
Signature Johann Ludwig Choulant.PNG

Johann Ludwig Choulant , also Louis Choulant , latinized Ludovicus Choulant (born November 12, 1791 in Dresden ; † July 18, 1861 there ) was a German doctor and medical historian .

Live and act

Ludwig Choulant, son of the French François Joseph Choulant who emigrated to Dresden in 1789, worked as a cook for Anton von Sachsen and married in Dresden, initially received private lessons and attended the Dresden Catholic Latin School from 1803 to 1807. He also attended the art academy for three years. After completing an apprenticeship as a pharmacist at the Dresden court pharmacy, which began in 1807, he attended the Collegium medico-chirurgicum in Dresden- Neustadt from September 1811 to prepare for medical studies , enrolled at the Medical Faculty of the Leipzig State University in September 1812 and began there in May 1813 to study. In April 1817 he passed his exam rigorosum and in 1818 he received his doctorate . An application for admission to the habilitation was rejected by the Protestant Leipzig University, according to Gleisberg probably in connection with his Catholic denomination.

He started his first job as a doctor and obstetrician in Altenburg in April 1817 . In the same year Choulant assistant at was Medical Real Dictionary of Johann Friedrich Pierer . In 1821 Johann Choulant accepted a position as a doctor at the Royal Catholic Sickness Foundation in Dresden-Friedrichstadt .

In 1822 Choulant became a lecturer at the Royal Surgical Medical Academy , which existed from 1815 to 1864 and is considered the forerunner of the Dresden Medical Academy . There he initially gave lectures on practical medicine. In 1823 he was appointed professor of theoretical medicine and appointed head of the polyclinic. In the same year he became co-editor of the journal for nature and medicine . In 1828 Choulant took over the professorship for practical medicine. From 1843 until his retirement in 1860 he held the post of, after Carl Gustav Carus , the second and last rector of the Royal Surgical Medical Academy . He was a member of the Altenburg Masonic Lodge Archimedes for the three drawing boards .

From 1833, Ludwig Choulant also embarked on an administrative career. In 1836 he was appointed court counselor , in 1844 privy councilor and medical advisor in the Saxon Ministry of the Interior . He worked in this capacity until his death in 1861.

The focus of Choulant's scientific achievements was on the history and especially the literary history of medicine as well as bibliography and iconography of medical history. In addition, he made many contributions to the Saxon medical regulations and prepared reports on medical-legal questions.

The painter and architect Ludwig Theodor Choulant (1827–1900) was his son.

Fonts (selection)

  • Johann Friedrich Pierer , Johann Ludwig Choulant: Medical real dictionary for the manual use of practical doctors and surgeons and evidence to be instructed for educated persons of all classes. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1816.
  • Carl Friedrich Haase , Johann Ludwig Choulant, M. Küstner, Friedrich Ludwig Meissner : Enrichments for obstetrics, for the physiology and pathology of women and children. Leipzig 1821.
  • Johann Ludwig Choulant: Tables on the history of medicine according to the order of its doctrines: From the oldest times to the end of the 18th century. Voss, Leipzig 1822.
  • as editor: Aegidii Corboliensis Carmina medica. Leipzig 1826.
  • as publisher: Georg Ernst Stahl , Theoria medica vera physiologiam et pathologiam tanquam doctrinae medicae partes […] intaminate ratione et inconcussa experientia sistens. 3 volumes. Leipzig 1831–1833 (= Scriptorum classicorum de praxi medica nonnullorum opera collecta. Volume 14–16), translated into German by Karl Wilhelm Ideler , Berlin 1831–1832.
  • as editors: Macer floridus De viribus herbarum una cum Walafridi Strabonis , Othonis Cremonensis et Ioannis Folcz carminibus similis argumenti. Leipzig 1832.
  • Textbook of special pathology and therapy in humans. A floor plan of practical medicine for academic lectures. Voss Leipzig 1831; 2nd edition, ibid. 1834.
  • Johann Ludwig Choulant: History and bibliography of anatomical illustration according to its relationship to anatomical science and visual arts: In addition to a selection of illustrations based on famous artists . Rudolph Weigel, Leipzig 1852.
  • Johann Ludwig Choulant: Graphic Incunabula for Natural History and Medicine. Weigel, Leipzig 1858.
  • Johann Ludwig Choulant: Bibliotheca medico-historica sive Catalogus librorum historicorum de re medica et scientia naturali systematicus. G. Olms, Leipzig 1842.
  • Johann Ludwig Choulant: The anatomical images of the 15th and 16th centuries: Memorandum to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Society for Natural and Medical Science in Dresden, founded on September 19, 1818. E. Blochmann, Dresden 1843.
  • Johann Ludwig Choulant: Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die Older Medicin for the knowledge of the Greek, Latin and Arabic scripts in the medical field and for the bibliographical differentiation of their various editions, translations and explanations . Voss, Leipzig 1841 ( full text in the Google book search).
  • Andrew Duncen, Johann Ludwig Choulant: Observations on the distinguishing symptoms of the three main types of pulmonary consumption together with their treatment. Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig 1817.

literature

  • J. Grosse: Professor Johann Ludwig Choulant in its importance for medicine, especially the history of the same. Janus 6: 13-17, 83-88 (1901).
  • Günter Heidel: Johann Ludwig Choulant (1791–1861). For the 200th birthday of the founder of an important tradition in Dresden's medical history. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 9, 1991, pp. 351-362.
  • Manfred Wenzel: Choulant, Johann Ludwig . In: Werner E. Gerabek (Hrsg.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte . Walter de Gruyter, 2004, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  • Albert Steiner: Ludwig Choulant and his "Instructions for the Study of Medicine" (1829). Zurich treatises on the history of medicine. Juris Druck + Verlag, Zurich 1987
  • August Hirsch :  Choulant, Johann Ludwig . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 139.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Paul Gleisberg: Ludwig Choulant and the reform efforts in the Medicin in the Kingdom of Saxony. In: German Clinic. Booklet 40, 1865, p. 374 f., And Booklet 48, 1865, p. 449; here: issue 40, p. 374.
personal data
SURNAME Choulant, Johann Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Choulant, Ludovicus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medical historian and doctor
DATE OF BIRTH November 12, 1791
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1861
Place of death Dresden