Giorgi Kvinitadze
Giorgi Kvinitadze ( Georgian გიორგი კვინიტაძე; born Giorgi Tschikowani ; born August 21, 1874 in Dagestan , † August 7, 1970 in Chatou , France ) was a Georgian general and politician. He served in the Russian Army until 1917 . In 1917 he was Deputy Minister of War of the Special Transcaucasian Committee . In 1921 he commanded the armed forces of the Democratic Republic of Georgia against the invasion of the Red Army .
Life
In 1884 he entered the Tiflis Cadet Institute of the Russian Army , and later studied at the St. Constantine Infantry School in Saint Petersburg . He was then stationed in Vladikavkaz and Poland . In 1904 and 1905 he fought in the Russo-Japanese War . In 1910 he graduated from the General Staff Academy and was transferred as a captain to the headquarters of the Caucasian military district . In 1916 he was promoted to colonel and appointed chief of staff of the 4th Caucasian Infantry Division.
In 1917 he became major general and deputy war minister of the Special Transcaucasian Committee ( Russian Osobyi Zakavkazskii Komitet ), which was supposed to bring order after the collapse of the Russian monarchy in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia . Due to a conflict with the Menshevik Social Democrats in Georgia, he resigned in early 1918.
At the end of 1918 he was reactivated for the newly formed Georgian armed forces . In the border conflict with Armenia in December of the same year, he assumed the position of chief of staff. In 1919 he led a Georgian division that put down a pan- Turkish uprising in the Akhaltsikhe province and on April 20, 1919 recaptured the Turkish- occupied Artvin . In the same year he founded the Tbilisi Military School .
On May 3, 1920, Kvinitadze thwarted the attempt by local Bolsheviks to conquer the military school. He was then appointed Commander in Chief of the Georgian Armed Forces and in the same month threw back Red Army raiders who were trying to advance from Azerbaijan across the Red Bridge into Georgian territory . After the Soviet Russian invasion of Georgia on February 11, 1921, he commanded the defensive battle for Tbilisi. After the defeat of the local armed forces, he withdrew with the Georgian government to Kutaisi , later to Batumi , and left the country with them on March 17th.
He lived in exile in France for 49 years, died in Chatou and was buried on the local Cimetière des Landes .
Kvinitadze was married to Mariam Makashvili (1889–1960) from 1911 and had three daughters: Ida, Tamara and Nino. His granddaughter, the daughter of Nino Kwinitadses, is the British actress Maryam d'Abo .
Fonts
- Moj vospominanija v gody nesavisimosti 1917–1921 . YMCA-Press, Paris 1985
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ CHATOU (78): cimetière des Landes (French, accessed July 2, 2012)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kvinitadze, Giorgi |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | კვინიტაძე, გიორგი (Georgian); Chikowani, Giorgi |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Georgian officer and politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 21, 1874 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dagestan |
| DATE OF DEATH | 7th August 1970 |
| Place of death | Chatou , France |