Glomeropitcairnia
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Leaf funnels of Glomeropitcairnia penduliflora |
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| Glomeropitcairnia | ||||||||||||
| (Mez) Mez |
Glomeropitcairnia is the only genus of the tribe Glomeropitcairnieae and belongs to the subfamily of Tillandsioideae within the plant family of Bromeliaceae (Bromeliaceae). There are only two species in the genus Glomeropitcairnia .
description
The two Glomeropitcairnia species are perennial herbaceous plants and usually grow as epiphytes . They look similar to Guzmania zahnii . They reach heights of growth of up to 2 meters and funnel diameters of over 1 to a maximum of 3.3 meters. They are funnel bromeliads; their stem axis is compressed and the leaves stand together in rosettes. The leaves overlap in such a way that a funnel is created to collect water. Specimens of Glomeropitcairnia penduliflora with a diameter of 3.3 meters, which thus cover an area of about 8.5 m² and contain about 20 liters of water, are among the largest funnel bromeliads. The parallel- veined leaves are mostly sword-shaped.
The flowers are arranged in a spiral on the long-lasting inflorescence . The hermaphrodite flowers are threefold. There are three sepals . The three free petals have two scales (ligules) inside at their base. There are two circles with three fertile stamens each. Three fruit leaves are a half under constant ovary grown.
Septicidal capsule fruits are formed (the longitudinal separation occurs at the fusion seams) . Only in this genus are there two hair crowns of approximately equal length at both ends of the seed; they serve as "parachutes" to spread seeds. The flying hairs are straight and unfolded in the capsule fruit.
ecology
Two animal species have so far only been found in the leaf funnels of Glomeropitcairnia erectiflora : the 50 to 60 mm long scorpion of the Chactidae family : Chactas raymondhandsi and the approximately 35 mm long tree frog : Phyllodytes auratus , it was previously only found at an altitude of about 940 meters on the Found summit of Aripo in Trinidad.
Systematics and distribution
The two Glomeropitcairnia species are native to the Caribbean islands.
Glomeropitcairnia is the only genus of the tribe Glomeropitcairnieae in the subfamily of Tillandsioideae. 1905 (de l'Herbier Boissier in the Bulletin, Series 2, 5, p 232) was first described by her Carl Christian Mez subgenus glomeropitcairnia Mez in C.DC. hived off from the genus Pitcairnia and established the genus Glomeropitcairnia . The botanical name is derived from the Latin word glomus for ball and the generic name Pitcairnia .
There are only two species of Glomeropitcairnia :
- Glomeropitcairnia erectiflora Mez : The home is Trinidad (Peninsula Paria) and the Isla Margarita off the coast of the northeastern coast of Venezuela.
- Glomeropitcairnia penduliflora (Griseb.) Mez : The home is the Lesser Antilles : Montserrat , Guadeloupe , Dominica and Martinique .
swell
- David H. Benzing: Bromeliaceae: Profile of an Adaptive Radiation. Cambridge University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-521-43031-3 : Google-Books - Online.
- Michael HJ Barfuss, Rosabelle Samuel, Walter Till, Tod F. Stuessy: Phylogenetic relationships in subfamily Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) based on DNA sequence data from seven plastid regions , in American Journal of Botany , 92, 2005, pp. 337-351: Online .
- Werner Rauh : Bromeliads - Tillandsias and other bromeliads worthy of culture. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-6371-3 .
- Lyman Bradford Smith, Robert Jack Downs: Tillandsioideae In: Flora Neotropica. Volume 14, Part 2, 1977, pp. 1388-1391.
- AJ Gilmartin, GK Brown, GS Varadarajan, N. Neighbors Status of Glomeropitcairnia within evolutionary history of Bromeliaceae. In: Systematic Botany , Volume 14, 1989, pp. 339-348.
- Walter Till, H. Halbritter, G. Gortan: Some notes on the remarkable bromeliad genus Glomeropitcairnia. In: Journal of the Bromeliad Society , Volume 47, 1997, pp. 65-72.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jerry Krulik: The Biggest Tank Bromeliad : - Online.
- ↑ Jason R. Grant, An Annotated Catalog of the Generic Names of the Bromeliaceae. , Online version from Selbyana , Volume 19, 1, 1998, pp. 91-121.
- ^ Harry E. Luther: An Alphabetical List of Bromeliad Binomials , 2008 in The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, Florida, USA. Published by The Bromeliad Society International.
