Pitcairnia

Pitcairnia
Pitcairnia wendlandii
Systematics
Monocots Commelinids Order : Sweet grass (Poales) Family : Bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) Subfamily : Pitcairnioideae Genre : Pitcairnia
Scientific name
Pitcairnia
L'Hér.

Pitcairnia is a genus of plants in the subfamily Pitcairnioideae withinthe bromeliad family (Bromeliaceae). With 300 to 400 species , it is the second most species-rich genus in the family.

Description and ecology

Heterophyllous species: Habitus with lower leaves in the dry season of Pitcairnia piepenbringii

Heterophyllous species: deciduous leaves with suction scales and inflorescences with zygomorphic flowers of Pitcairnia piepenbringii

Habit and inflorescence of Corn-leaved Pitcairnia ( Pitcairnia maidifolia ). Note the atypical shape of the smooth-edged leaves for bromeliads

Zygomorphic flower in detail from Pitcairnia elvirae , with sepals, petals and curved stamens

Open, three-lobed capsule fruits with seeds of Pitcairnia spicata

Airworthy seeds of Pitcairnia sceptrigera

Appearance

The Pitcairnia species usually grow as perennial herbaceous plants . The shoot axes can be compressed, then the species grow in a rosette shape, or the shoot axes are not compressed, then the plants look somewhat similar to maize or in extreme cases they are climbing species. The largest species ( Pitcairnia villetaensis ) reach heights of growth of 3 meters, the species that remain small ( e.g. Pitcairnia tabuliformis , Pitcairnia andreana ) only reach heights of a good 15 centimeters. Some species form rhizomes . Most of the species are evergreen. All species are not hardy .

leaves

The leaves are very diverse. Some species have leaves that are divided into petioles and petioles, which is unusual for bromeliads, and is not very common even within monocot plants . The leaf margin can be smooth or prickly, depending on the species.

Some species are heterophyll (that is, they have different leaves). They shed their green leaves during the dry season and regenerate them when the rainy season begins. In the dry season they only have coarse, dry-looking, reinforced, small leaves, they are chlorophyll-free lower leaves . These species bloom in the dry season, when they have no leaves.

Inflorescences and flowers

The often decorative inflorescences have foliage -like or membranous bracts, often in different shades of red. The terminal inflorescences can be racemose , spiky or compound.

Both the individual flowers and the inflorescences do not have a long shelf life, which is why pitcairnia species are not grown by nurseries. They are rare in private collections, but most botanical gardens have some species.

The flowers , which are often very beautiful, can be white or yellow, or they often have different red hues. The hermaphroditic, threefold flowers are (mostly slightly) zygomorphic . Some species are pollinated by birds . Some species have rolled back petals . The petals often have scales (ligula) at the base. There are two circles with three free stamens each. The three carpels are a half under constant ovary grown.

Few Pitcairnia species bloom at night - examples are Pitcairnia stenophylla and Pitcairnia loki-schmidtiae .

The flower formula is: ${\displaystyle \downarrow \;K_{3}\;C_{3}\;A_{3+3}\;G_{\overline {(3)}}\;}$

Fruits and seeds

Three-lobed capsule fruits are formed. The fruits contain many airborne seeds that have comb-shaped or dome-shaped appendages. Seeds cannot germinate for a long time. The seeds germinate very easily, so you can easily grow young plants.

distribution

The area of ​​the genus extends from southern Mexico over the Caribbean islands to northern Argentina and Peru . One species from this genus, Pitcairnea feliciana , is native to West Africa . All other Bromeliaceae are native to the New World .

Today one finds species in tropical humid to semi- arid areas. There are terrestrial and epiphytic growing species, even a few climbing species are known. Some species grow directly on rocks. As a specialty, Pitcairnia flammea thrives in amphibious locations in mountain streams (rheophyte).

Systematics

The genus Pitcairnia was set up on January 7, 1789 by Charles Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle in Sertum Anglicum , p. 7. The generic name Pitcairnia honors the English doctor and botanist William Pitcairn (1711–1791). The type species is Pitcairnia bromeliifolia L'Hér. Pitcairnia L'Hér. nom. cons. was preserved against Hepetis Sw. nom. rejic. ( Nova Genera et Species Plantarum seu Prodromus , July 4, 1788, p. 56). Other synonyms for Pitcairnia L'Hér. nom. cons. are: Cochliopetalum Beer , Conanthes Raf. , Lamproconus Lem. , Melinonia Brongn. ex E. Morren , Neumannia Brongn. , Orthopetalum Beer , Phlomostachys Beer , Spirastigma L'Hér. ex Pfeiffer , Willrussellia A. Chev. , Pepinia Brongn. ex André .

Some species were in a genus Pepinia Brongn. ex André (as depicted e.g. in Luther 2004) outsourced; For example, studies by Ralf Horres 2003 do not confirm this separation and prefer the old extent of the genus Pitcairnia (as in BromeliadEncyclopaedia ).

There are 300 to 400 species in the genus Pitcairnia (as of October 2015):

Habit and leaves of Pitcairnia altensteinii Habit, leaves and inflorescences of the small species Pitcairnia andreana Detail of an inflorescence with zygomorphic flowers of Pitcairnia arcuata Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Pitcairnia atrorubens Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia bifrons in the habitat Inflorescence with red flowers of Pitcairnia bifrons in the habitat with younger plants in the background Horizontal inflorescence with flowers of Pitcairnia brittoniana in the habitat Habit and leaves of a young Pitcairnia bulbosa plant Section of an inflorescence with zygomorphic flowers of Pitcairnia caricifolia Inflorescence of Pitcairnia carnososepala Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Pitcairnia echinata Pitcairnia echinata inflorescence Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia elvirae Habit, leaves, inflorescence and flower of A + B Pitcairnia clarkii and D + E Pitcairnia ferrell-ingramiae Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Pitcairnia flammea var. Flammea Detail of an inflorescence with zygomorphic flowers of Pitcairnia grafii Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia heydlauffii Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia imbricata Inflorescence with whitish flowers of Pitcairnia imbricata Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia lanuginosa in the habitat Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Pitcairnia loki-schmidtiae Threefold bloom in detail from Pitcairnia loki-schmidtiae Detail of an inflorescence with blossom from Pitcairnia loki-schmidtiae : sepals and petals Pitcairnia maidifolia fruit cluster Habit, leaves and budding inflorescences of Pitcairnia olivaestevae Inflorescence with red bracts and white flowers of Pitcairnia olivaestevae Threefold bloom in detail from Pitcairnia piepenbringii Heterophyllous species: Habitus with lower leaves in the dry season of Pitcairnia prolifera Pitcairnia prolifera inflorescence Habit and leaves of Pitcairnia punicea Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Pitcairnia recurvata Zygomorphic flower in detail of Pitcairnia recurvata Habit and leaves of Pitcairnia rubronigriflora Habit and leaves of Pitcairnia sanguinea Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia sceptrigera Section of the inflorescence with zygomorphic flowers in different stages of development of Pitcairnia sceptrigera The leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia smithiorum Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia spicata Habit and leaves of the small species Pitcairnia tabuliformis Habitus, leaves and inflorescences of Pitcairnia ulei in the habitat Inflorescence of Pitcairnia villetaensis Pitcairnia xanthocalyx inflorescence Pitcairnia abundans L.B.Sm. : It thrives on large rocks near rivers in the tropical deciduous forest at altitudes of 1100 to 1350 meters only in the Mexican state of Jalisco. Pitcairnia abyssicola Leme & L. Kollmann : It wasfirst describedin 2009 from the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo . It hangs in vertical to rising edges from very steep to almost vertical, shady rock walls at altitudes of about 1290 meters. Pitcairnia acicularis L.B.Sm. : It thrives between low bushes on the slope at altitudes of 1800 to 2000 meters in the Peruvian Lambayeque. Pitcairnia adscendens L.B.Sm. : At about sea level in Colombia, it only thrives in Valle. Pitcairnia aequatorialis L.B.Sm. : Since 2005 there are two varieties in Ecuador only in Chimborazo: Pitcairnia aequatorialis var. Aequatorialis : It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in low mountain rainforests on the coast at altitudes of around 1000 meters. Pitcairnia aequatorialis L.B.Sm. var. bogneri (Rauh) Manzan. & W.Till (Syn .: Pitcairnia violascens LBSm. Var. Violascens , Pitcairnia violascens L.B.Sm. , Pitcairnia violascens var. Bogneri Rauh ): It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in mountain rainforests at altitudes of 2000 to 2800 meters. Pitcairnia agavifolia L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pepinia agavifolia (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It thrives on granite outcrops at altitudes of around 650 meters in Venezuela only in the Amazon. Pitcairnia alata L.B.Sm. : There have been two varieties since 2005: Pitcairnia alata L.B.Sm. var. alata : It grows as an epiphyte in submontane rainforests of Amazonia at altitudes of 2000 to 3000 meters in Ecuador in Zamora-Chinchipe and Morona-Santiago. Pitcairnia alata var. Andreetae (H.Luther) Manzan. & W.Till (Syn .: Pitcairnia andreetae H.Luther ): It thrives at altitudes of around 1800 meters in Ecuador only in Zamora-Chinchipe. Pitcairnia albiflos Herbert (Syn .: Pitcairnia elata Liebm. , Pitcairnia flavescens hort. Ex Beer , Pitcairnia odorata hort. Ex Beer & Fenzl ): It thrives lithophytically at altitudes of about 850 meters only in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro . Pitcairnia albifolia Cáceres González & A.Ibáñez : It was first described from Panama in 2014. It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically at altitudes of about 1100 meters in the highland savannah only in the province of Veraguas in Panama. Pitcairnia albolutea J.R.Grant (Syn .: Pitcairnia maidifolia f. Lutea Oliva-Esteve ): It was first described from Venezuela of 2007. It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in rainforests, secondary forests and on plantations at altitudes of 800 to 1300 meters in the Venezuelan states of Mérida , Barinas , Lara and Portuguesa . Pitcairnia albomarginata Rauh : It thrives terrestrially in dense stands on rocks in Ecuador. Pitcairnia alborubra Baker (Syn .: Pepinia alborubra (Baker) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It occurs in Colombia only in Antioquia. Pitcairnia alexanderi (H.Luther) DCTaylor & H.Rob. : This endemic is only known from three localities in the Ecuadorian province of Morona-Santiago. It thrives terrestrially in the forest. Pitcairnia altensteinii (Link, Klotzsch & Otto) Lem. : There are three varieties: Pitcairnia altensteinii (Link, Klotzsch & Otto) Lem. var. altensteinii (Syn .: Pitcairnia rhodostachys Hassk. , Pitcairnia undulatifolia Hook. ): It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in thickets and in dense forests at altitudes of 1000 to 1950 meters in Venezuela. Pitcairnia altensteinii var. Gigantea (Hook.) Baker : It occurs in Guyana. Pitcairnia altensteinii var. Minor L.B.Sm. : It thrives terrestrially on open slopes at altitudes of 1300 to 1950 meters in Venezuela only in Aragua. Pitcairnia alversonii L.B.Sm. & RWRead : In Colombia it only occurs in the Antioquia department . Pitcairnia amblyosperma L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pepinia amblyosperma (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It thrives on steep rock faces at altitudes of around 300 meters in the Mexican states of San Luis Potosí and Puebla . Pitcairnia amboroensis Ibisch, R.Vásquez, E. Gross & Kessler : It was first described in 1999 from Bolivia. This endemic thrives on steep rock faces in the semi-evergreen forest at an altitude of about 600 meters only in the Bolivian department of Santa Cruz . Pitcairnia ancuashii L.B.Sm. & RWRead : This endemic thrives at an altitude of around 250 meters only in the Peruvian Amazon region. Pitcairnia andreana Linden (Syn .: Pitcairnia lepidota rule ): This small species only occurs in Choco in Colombia. Pitcairnia angustifolia Solander (Syn .: Pitcairnia alta sensu Mez , Pitcairnia alta sensu Baker , Pitcairnia angustifolia Ryan ex Schult.f. , Pitcairnia angustifolia Redouté , Pitcairnia bromeliifolia sensu Redouté , Pitcairnia bromeliifolia sensu Aiton , Pitcairnia furfuracea Beer , Pitcairnia furfuracea sensu J.Jacq . , Pitcairnia gracilis Mez , Pitcairnia intermedia Schult. & Schult.f. , Pitcairnia latifolia Aiton , Pitcairnia latifolia Jacq. ex Beer , Pitcairnia latifolia Andrews , Pitcairnia platyphylla Schrad. , Pitcairnia ramosa J.Jacq. , Pitcairnia ramosa K.Koch , Pitcairnia redouteana Schult. & Schult.f. , Pitcairnia redouteana Beer , Pitcairnia skinneri hort. ex K.Koch , Pitcairnia tomentosa F.Didr. ex Beer , Pitcairnia tomentosa A.Dietr. ): It thrives in moist forests at altitudes from 0 to 1000 Meters. It is distributed on the Caribbean islands of Puerto Rico , Virgin Islands , Antigua , Saba , Sint Eustatius , St. Kitts , Montserrat , Guadeloupe , Dominica , Martinique , St. Lucia , St. Vincent , Barbados , Grenada and the Grenadines . Pitcairnia anomala Hoehne (Syn .: Pepinia anomala (Hoehne) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It thrives terrestrially on river banks in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Pará . Pitcairnia aphelandriflora Lem. (Syn .: Pepinia aphelandriflora (Lem.) André ): It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in flood areas of flowing waters at altitudes of around 1100 meters in Panama, Ecuador and Peru. Pitcairnia archeri L.B.Sm. : It thrives terrestrially and epiphytically in forests at altitudes of 75 to 500 meters in Colombia. Pitcairnia arcuata (André) André (Syn .: Pitcairnia brongniartiana var. Latifolia L.B.Sm. , Pitcairnia oblanceolata L.B.Sm. ): It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in rainforests at altitudes of about 1800 meters in Colombia and Ecuador. Pitcairnia arenaria H.Luther : It was first described from Peru in 2002. It thrives terrestrially in a shrubby cloud forest on white sand at altitudes of 2250 to 2550 meters only in the Peruvian Amazon region. Pitcairnia arenicola L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on sandstone rocks in gorges at an altitude of about 540 meters only in the Colombian Norte de Santander. Pitcairnia arida L.B.Sm. & Betancur : This endemic thrives at altitudes of around 900 meters in Colombia only in Antioquia. Pitcairnia armata Maury (Syn .: Pepinia armata (Maury) GSVarad. & Gilmartin , Pepinia breweri (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin , Pitcairnia cinerea L.B.Sm. ): It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically on igneous rocks at altitudes of 90 to 200 meters only in the state of Amazonas in Venezuela. Pitcairnia asplundii L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on the creek bank in the forest only in the Peruvian region of Huanuco. Pitcairnia atrorubens (Beer) Baker : There are two varieties: Pitcairnia atrorubens (Beer) Baker var. Atrorubens (Syn .: Pitcairnia atrorubens var. Lamarcheana (E. Morren ex Baker) Mez , Pitcairnia lamarchiana E. Morren ex Baker , Pitcairnia lindeni Baker ): It thrives terrestrially, lithophytically and epiphytically in rainforests at the edges of forests at altitudes of 300 to 1400 meters. It is distributed from Mexico through Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica to Panama and Colombia. Pitcairnia atrorubens var. Pallidobracteata E. Gross & Rauh : This endemic thrives at altitudes of around 800 meters only on Cerro Jefe in Panama. Pitcairnia attenuata L.B.Sm. & RWRead : It is only known from the type location in Mariacal Caceres, Uchiza on Cerro de Santa Cruz east of El Puente (Carretera Marginal) in the Peruvian region of San Martin. It thrives in the forest on damp rocks in deep shade at altitudes of 700 to 800 meters. Pitcairnia augustii Harms : This endemic thrives at altitudes of 2200 to 2300 meters only in the Peruvian region of Libertad. Pitcairnia aurea Rusby ex LBSm. : This endemic thrives at altitudes of around 900 meters only in La Paz, Bolivia. Pitcairnia aureobrunnea Rauh : This endemic, discovered in 1980, has so far only been found on moist sandstone cliffs at an altitude of around 500 to 800 meters between Tarapoto and Yurimaguas in the Peruvian region of San Martin. The first place of discovery is in the Área de conservación regional Cordillera Escalera. Pitcairnia azouryi Martinelli & Forzza : It was first described in 2006 from the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. This endemic thrives lithophytically at altitudes of 120 to 130 meters. Pitcairnia bakeri (André) André ex Mez : It thrives terrestrially and epiphytically in moist forests at altitudes of 150 to 1200 meters in Colombia and Ecuador. Pitcairnia bakiorum Manzan. & W.Till : It was first described in 2005. It thrives terrestrially in low-lying mountain rainforests at altitudes of around 1900 meters only in the Ecuadorian province of Zamora-Chinchipe . Pitcairnia barrigae L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia altoatratoensis G.S.Varad . & Forero ): This endemic thrives epiphytically at altitudes of 500 to 600 meters in Colombia only in Choco. Pitcairnia barbatostigma Leme & APFontana : It was first described in 2010 from the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. It thrives lithophytically in full sun on granite rocks or in slightly shaded locations in semi-evergreen forests of island mountains at altitudes of 300 to 500 meters. Pitcairnia basincurva L.B.Sm. & Betancur : This endemic thrives at altitudes of around 1900 meters in Colombia only in Antioquia. Pitcairnia beachiae Utley & Burt-Utley (Syn .: Pepinia beachiae (Utley & Burt-Utley) H.Luther ): This endemic thrives terrestrially and epiphytically at altitudes of about 300 meters in Costa Rica only in Puntarenas. Pitcairnia bella L.B.Sm. : There are two varieties in Colombia: Pitcairnia bella L.B.Sm. var. bella : This endemic thrives in damp moss at the base of steep hills at an altitude of about 1010 meters only in Puerto Valdivia in Antioquia, Colombia. Pitcairnia bella var. Densior L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on rocks at an altitude of around 1200 meters only near Mocoa in Narino, Colombia. Pitcairnia bergii H.Luther : So far, it has only been found in dense stands at an altitude of about 1000 meters growing only on the Uzhcurrumi-Chilla road at km 10 in El Oro in Ecuador. Pitcairnia betancurii L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives at altitudes from 1900 to 2000 meters only in the municipality of Medellin in the Colombian Antioquia. Pitcairnia bicolor L.B.Sm. & RWRead : This endemic thrives terrestrially at an altitude of about 2000 meters only in the Colombian Choco. Pitcairnia bifaria L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives epiphytically in the dense and moist cloud forest at an altitude of about 1400 meters on the slope of the Cerro del Sira only in the Peruvian Huanuco . Pitcairnia biflora L.B.Sm. : This heterophyllous endemic thrives in penumbra at an altitude of about 900 meters on Jesus del Monte near Moyobamba only in San Martin, Peru. Pitcairnia bifrons (Lindl.) RWRead (Syn .: Pitcairnia bracteata Dryand. , Pitcairnia commutata Regel , Pitcairnia fulgens Decne. Ex A.Dietr. , Pitcairnia gireoudiana A.Dietr. , Pitcairnia latifolia sensu Redouté , Pitcairnia racemosa Woodf. Ex Schult. Schult.f. , Pitcairnia spicata sensu Mez ): It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in savannahs and moist, open summit areas at altitudes of up to 1480 meters in the Lesser Antilles . Pitcairnia bifurcatispina Manzan. & W.Till : It was first described in 2005. It thrives terrestrially in lower mountain forests at altitudes of 1500 to 2600 meters only in the Ecuadorian province of Imbabura . Pitcairnia billbergioides L.B.Sm. : It thrives terrestrially at altitudes of 1800 to 2000 meters only in the Peruvian region of Lambayeque . Pitcairnia brachysperma André : It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in forests and on the banks of rivers at altitudes of 1500 to 2650 meters in Colombia. There are two varieties: Pitcairnia brachysperma André var. Brachysperma Pitcairnia brachysperma var. Snowii G.S.Varad . & Forero : It only occurs in Boyaca . Pitcairnia brackeana Manzan. & Till : It was first described in 2005. It thrives terrestrially in lower mountain forests on the coast at altitudes of 1550 to 2300 meters in Ecuador. Pitcairnia bradei Markgr. (Syn .: Pepinia bradei (Margraviate) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It thrives on rocks by flowing waters and gallery forests at altitudes of 700 to 1175 meters in Brazil. Pitcairnia breedlovei L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia undulatosepala Rauh ): It thrives lithophytically on steep rocks with Quercus spec. at altitudes of 1050 to 1350 meters only in the Mexican state of Chiapas . Pitcairnia brevicalycina Mez : It thrives terrestrially in forests at altitudes of 1500 to 2250 meters in Venezuela and Peru. Pitcairnia brittoniana (Mez) Mez (Syn .: Pitcairnia flaviflora Standl. , Pitcairnia werckleana Mez ): It thrives in the Yungas in Bolivia. Pitcairnia bromeliifolia L'Hér. : There are three varieties only in Jamaica : Pitcairnia bromeliifolia L'Hér. var. bromeliifolia : It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in disturbed or open locations at altitudes of about 780 meters in Jamaica. Pitcairnia bromeliifolia var. Graminifolia Griseb. : It thrives in areas with high annual rainfall at altitudes of 90 to 780 meters in Jamaica. Pitcairnia bromeliifolia var. Wynteri R.W.Read : It thrives on tropical karst at altitudes of 450 to 600 meters in Jamaica. Pitcairnia brongniartiana André : There have been three varieties since 2005: Pitcairnia brongniartiana André var. Brongnartiana : It thrives terrestrially, lithophytically and epiphytically in forests at altitudes of 500 to 1250 meters in Colombia and Ecuador. Pitcairnia brongniartiana var. Ornata Manzan. & W.Till : So far, it has only been found in the Ecuadorian province of Esmeraldas. It thrives epiphytically to semi-epiphytically in lowland rainforests on the coast at altitudes of about 810 meters. Pitcairnia brongniartiana var. Variegata Manzan. & W.Till : So far, it has only been found in the Ecuadorian province of Esmeraldas. It thrives epiphytically to semi-epiphytically in lowland rainforests on the coast at altitudes of about 270 meters. Pitcairnia brunnescens L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia umbratilis L.B.Sm. ): It thrives on steep rock faces at altitudes of 2200 to 2700 meters in Colombia and Ecuador. Pitcairnia bulbosa L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia wurdackii L.B.Sm. , Pepinia bulbosa (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It thrives on rocks or in the dry substrate of crevices at altitudes of 95 to 250 meters in Colombia and Venezuela. Pitcairnia burle-marxii R.Braga & Sucre : This endemic thrives lithophytically in sunny locations only at Conception de Castelo in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Pitcairnia buscalionii W.Till : It was first described in 2003 from the Brazilian state of Amazonia. Pitcairnia caduciflora Rauh & E.Gross : It thrives terrestrially in rainforests at altitudes of around 1000 meters only in the Ecuadorian Shell-Mera. Pitcairnia calatheoides L.B.Sm. : This heterophyllous species thrives at altitudes of 400 to 800 meters in San Martin, Peru. Pitcairnia calcicola J.R. Grant & JFMorales : This endemic thrives terrestrially on exposed limestone hills at altitudes of 100 to 200 meters only in Guanacaste in Costa Rica. Pitcairnia calderonii Standley & LBSm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia purpusii L.B.Sm. ): It thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in thickets, in forests and on steep rock faces from Mexico via Guatemala to Honduras at altitudes of 1400 to 1800 meters. Pitcairnia calophylla L.B.Sm. : So far it has only been found growing terrestrially at an altitude of 705 meters above El Diviso in Narino in Colombia. Pitcairnia camposii H.Luther : This endemic thrives terrestrially at altitudes of 1600 to 1700 meters only in Localidad Estrella del Oriente, San Jose de Lourdes, in the province of San Ignacio in the Cajamarca regionin Peru. Pitcairnia cana B.Holst : This endemic thrives terrestrially in large stands at an altitude of around 1720 meters between granite rocks and in the bushes only on the upper reaches of the Rio Iguana of the Sierra de Maigualida in Amazonas in Venezuela. Pitcairnia cantuoides Vásquez & Ibisch : It was first described in 2005. It thrives terrestrially at an altitude of about 1300 meters only in the Bolivian department of Chuquisaca . Pitcairnia capitata L.B.Sm. : It only thrives at an altitude of around 2400 meters in Narino, Colombia. Pitcairnia cardenasii L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives in the thicket on damp rocky slopes only at an altitude of 1000 meters in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Pitcairnia caricifolia Mart. ex Schult. & School f. (Syn .: Pepinia caricifolia (Mart. Ex Schult.f.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin , Pepinia incarnata (Baker) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): There are two varieties: Pitcairnia caricifolia Mart. ex Schult. & School f. var. caricifolia (Syn .: Pitcairnia kegeliana Schlechtendal , Pitcairnia pauciflora Baker , Pitcairnia subjuncta Baker , Pepinia subjuncta (Baker) Durand & Jackson ): It thrives terrestrially, lithophytically and epiphytically along rivers in rainforests in Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela. Pitcairnia caricifolia var. Macrantha L.B.Sm. : This endemic has so far only been found terrestrially, locally often growing on shady rocks of the Cerro Aracamuni on the left bank of the Rio Siapa directly above Raudal Gallineta about 115 river km from the mouth at altitudes of 130 to 140 meters in Venezuela only in the Amazon . Pitcairnia carinata Mez (Syn .: Pitcairnia morelii sensu Baker ): It occurs only in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Pitcairnia carioana Wittm. : It thrives epiphytically at an altitude of 2786 meters from Mexico to Guatemala. Pitcairnia carnea Beer : It occurs in Panama. Pitcairnia carnososepala Rauh & Gross (Syn .: Pepinia carnososepala (Rauh & E.Gross) H.Luther ): This endemic has so far only been found and forms at an altitude of about 500 meters on loamy slopes near Shell Mera on the Rio Pastaza in central Ecuador large stocks. Pitcairnia cassapensis Mez (Syn .: Pitcairnia pulverulenta sensu Baker ): It thrives at an altitude of 2000 meters on rocky slopes in Peru. Pitcairnia cataractae Manzan. & W.Till : It was first described in 2005. So far it has only been found lithophytically and terrestrially at waterfalls in lower mountain forests at altitudes of 825 to 900 meters in the Ecuadorian Zamora-Chinchipe. Pitcairnia caulescens K. Koch ex Mez : It was first described on the basis of a specimen cultivated in the Berlin Botanical Garden, which may have come from Venezuela. No more is known about the distribution. Pitcairnia cerrateana L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on semi-arid hills at altitudes of 1880 to 1920 meters only in the Peruvian department of Ancash. Pitcairnia chiapensis Miranda : It thrives on shady rocks in the Mexican state of Chiapas. Pitcairnia chiquitana Vásquez & Ibisch : It was first described in 2004. So far it has only been found lithophytically growing on steep rocks at an altitude of about 600 meters in Chochis, El Porton, Santa Cruz in the Bolivian province of Chiquitos. Pitcairnia chiriguana Castellanos : This endemic thrives at an altitude of around 600 meters in Salta, Argentina. Pitcairnia chiriquensis L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on bare rock walls at an altitude of about 300 meters on Cerro Galera Chorcha near Gualaca in Panama only in Chiriqui. Pitcairnia chocoensis L.B.Sm. : It thrives terrestrially in Colombia only in Choco. Pitcairnia clarkii H.Luther : It occurs in Ecuador. Pitcairnia clavata L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives terrestrially in the rainforest at the upper end of Pongo de Manseriche on the Rio Maranon at an altitude of about 250 meters in Alto Amazonas, Loreto, Peru. Pitcairnia cofanorum Manzan. & W.Till : It was first described in 2005. So far, it has only been found terrestrially in lower mountain forests of the Amazon region at altitudes of 1500 to 1570 meters at the Sinangoe station on the Shishico ridge in the catchment area of ​​the Alto Aguarico, above the river Cofanes, in the Reserva Etinica Cofan in the Ecuadorian province of Sucumbios . Pitcairnia colimensis L.B.Sm. : It thrives in deciduous woodlands and on open rock faces at altitudes of 400 to 600 meters in the Mexican state of Colima. Pitcairnia commixta L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia orgyalis sensu André , Pitcairnia orgyalis (André ex Mez) Mez ): It thrives lithophytically and epiphytically in dense forests at altitudes of 660 to 2500 meters in Colombia and Ecuador. Pitcairnia compostelae McVaugh : It thrives on rocks in oak forests and oak-pine forests in the mountains and foothills of the Pacific slopes at altitudes of 1000 to 1600 meters in Mexico. Pitcairnia condorensis Manzan. & W.Till : It was first described in 2005. So far it has only been found lithophytically and terrestrially at an altitude of about 825 meters on vertical rock walls in lower mountain rainforests of the Amazon region in the Ecuadorian province of Zamora-Chinchipe. Pitcairnia corallina Linden & André : There are two varieties: Pitcairnia corallina Linden & André var. Corallina : It thrives epiphytically and in the water on the banks of flowing waters at altitudes of 200 to 250 meters in Colombia, Peru and Brazil. Pitcairnia corallina var. Viridis L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives only at an altitude of about 240 meters along a stream in a sandy savannah near Circasia near the Rio Vaupes in Vaupes, Colombia. Pitcairnia corcovadensis Wawra Pitcairnia cosangaensis Gilmartin Pitcairnia crassa L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia cremersii Gouda Pitcairnia crinita E. Pereira & Martinelli Pitcairnia croatii H.Luther Pitcairnia cubensis (Mez) LBSm. Pitcairnia curvidens L.B.Sm. & RWRead Pitcairnia cuzcoensis L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia cyanopetala Ule Pitcairnia cylindrostachya L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia × daiseyana H.Luther Pitcairnia decidua L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia decurvata L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia dendroidea André Pitcairnia densiflora Brong. ex Lem. Pitcairnia devansayana André ex Baker Pitcairnia diffusa L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia divaricata Wittm. Pitcairnia dodsonii H.Luther Pitcairnia dolichopetala Harms Pitcairnia domingensis L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia echinata Hook. : Pitcairnia echinata Hook. var. echinata Pitcairnia echinata var. Sublaevis L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia echinata var. Vallensis L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia egleri L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia elizabethae L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia ellenbergii L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia elliptica Mez & Sodiro Pitcairnia elongata L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia encholirioides L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia eximia Mez Pitcairnia explosiva L.B.Sm. & Betancur Pitcairnia exserta L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia farinosa L.B.Sm. & Betancur Pitcairnia feliciana (A.Chev.) Harms & Mildbr. Pitcairnia fendleri Mez Pitcairnia ferrell-ingramiae H. Luther & Dalström Pitcairnia ferreyrae L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia filifera H.Luther Pitcairnia flagellaris L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia flammea Lindl. : Pitcairnia flammea Lindl. var. flammea Pitcairnia flammea var. Floccosa L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia flammea var. Glabrior L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia flammea var. Macropoda L.B.Sm. & Reitz Pitcairnia flammea var. Pallida L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia flammea var. Roezlii (Morren) LBSm. Pitcairnia flammea var. Spinulosa E. Pereira Pitcairnia flavescentia Matuda Pitcairnia flexuosa L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia fluvialis L.B.Sm. & Betancur Pitcairnia foliacea L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia foreroi H.Luther & GSVarad. Pitcairnia formosa L.B.Sm. & Betancur Pitcairnia fosteriana L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia fractifolia L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia fruticosa L.B.Sm. & Betancur Pitcairnia fuertesii Mez Pitcairnia funkiae Spencer Pitcairnia fusca H.Luther Pitcairnia gemmipara L.B.Sm. & Betancur Pitcairnia geotropa J.R. Grant Pitcairnia glaziovii Baker Pitcairnia glymiana K. Koch Pitcairnia graniticola B. Holst Pitcairnia grubbiana L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia guaritermae André Pitcairnia gutteana W. Weber Pitcairnia guzmanioides L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia halophila L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia hatschbachii E. Pereira Pitcairnia haughtii L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia heerdeae E. Gross & Rauh Pitcairnia heterophylla (Lindl.) Beer : Pitcairnia heterophylla var. Escapa Mez Pitcairnia heterophylla var. Heterophylla (Lindl.) Beer f. heterophylla Pitcairnia heterophylla var. Heterophylla f. albiflora Standley & Smith Pitcairnia heydlauffii R.Vasquez & Ibisch Pitcairnia hintoniana L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia hirtzii H.Luther Pitcairnia hitchcockiana L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia imbricata (Brong.) Rule Pitcairnia inaequalis W. Weber Pitcairnia inermis (Meyer in Presl) Meyer ex Schult.f. : Pitcairnia inermis var. Flava L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia inermis (Meyer in Presl) Meyer ex Schult.f. var. inermis Pitcairnia integrifolia Ker-Gawler Pitcairnia irwiniana L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia jaramilloi G.S.Varad. & Forero Pitcairnia jimenezii L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia johannis L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia juzepczukii W. Weber Pitcairnia kalbreyeri Baker Pitcairnia karwinskyana Schult.f. Pitcairnia killipiana : Pitcairnia killipiana var. Killipiana Pitcairnia killipiana var. Viridis G.S.Varad. & Forero Pitcairnia kirkbridei Smith & Read Pitcairnia kniphofioides L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia koeneniana E. Gross & Barthlott Pitcairnia kressii H.Luther Pitcairnia kroemeri H.Luther Pitcairnia lanosisepala Matuda Pitcairnia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pavón Pitcairnia laxissima Baker Pitcairnia lechleri Baker Pitcairnia lehmannii Baker Pitcairnia lepidopetalon L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia leprosa L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia lignosa L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia limae L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pepinia limae (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): Brazil Pitcairnia lindae Betancur : Colombia Pitcairnia loki-schmidtiae Barthlott & Rauh : Mexico Pitcairnia longebracteata Bouché ex Mez : Guatemala Pitcairnia longipes Mez : Colombia Pitcairnia longissimiflora Ibisch, R.Vásquez & E. Gross : Bolivia Pitcairnia lopezii L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia luschnathii W. Weber : Brazil Pitcairnia lutescens Mez & Sodiro : Ecuador Pitcairnia luteyniorum L.B.Sm. & RWRead (Syn: Pepinia luteyniorum (LBSm. & RWRead) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): Colombia Pitcairnia lutheri Manzan. & W Till : It was first described in 2005 from Ecuador. Pitcairnia lyman-smithiana H.Luther : Panama Pitcairnia macarenensis L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia macranthera André : Colombia, Ecuador Pitcairnia macrobotrys André : Colombia Pitcairnia maguirei L.B.Sm. (Syn: Pepinia maguirei (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): Venezuela Pitcairnia maidifolia ( C. Morren ) Decaisne (Syn: Pitcairnia funckianae A.Dietr. , Pitcairnia macrocalyx Hook. , Pitcairnia zeifolia C. Koch , Pitcairnia maizaifolia hort. Ex Beer , Pitcairnia oerstediana (Mez) Mez ): Honduras, Costa Rica, Colombia , Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname Pitcairnia marinii Manzan. & W Till : It was first described in 2005 from Ecuador. Pitcairnia maritima L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia marnier-lapostollei L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia matogrossensis E. Pereira & Leme : Brazil Pitcairnia matudae L.B.Sm. (Syn: Pitcairnia densiflora sensu Matuda ): Mexico Pitcairnia megasepala Baker (Syn: Pitcairnia araneosa Baker , Pitcairnia camptocalyx André , Pitcairnia goudotiana André , Pitcairnia theae (Mez) Mez ): Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia Pitcairnia melanopoda L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia membranifolia Baker : Costa Rica Pitcairnia meridensis Klotzsch ex Mez (Syn: Pitcairnia integrifolia var. Meridensis Kl. Ex Baker ): Venezuela Pitcairnia micheliana André : Mexico Pitcairnia micotrinensis R.W.Read (Syn: Pitcairnia spicata var. Sulphurea sensu Hodge ): It is endemic to the island of Dominica . Pitcairnia microcalyx Baker : There are three varieties in Venezuela: Pitcairnia microcalyx var. Elliptica L.B.Sm. Pitcairnia microcalyx Baker var. Microcalyx (Syn: Pitcairnia lutea hort. Linden ex Baker ) Pitcairnia microcalyx var. Schlimii (Baker) LBSm. (Syn: Pitcairnia caracasana Baker , Pitcairnia schlimii Baker ) Pitcairnia micropoda L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia minicorallina (H.Luther) Grant (Syn: Pepinia minicorallina H.Luther ): It was first described from Peru in 2000. Pitcairnia mirandae J.Utley & Burt-Utley : Mexico Pitcairnia mituensis L.B.Sm. (Syn: Pepinia mituensis (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): Bolivia Pitcairnia modesta L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia mohammadii Ibisch & R.Vásquez : Bolivia Pitcairnia monticola Brandegee : Mexico Pitcairnia mooreana L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia moritziana K. Koch & Bouché : Venezuela Pitcairnia mucida L.B.Sm. & RWRead : Colombia Pitcairnia multiflora L.B.Sm. : Colombia, Panama Pitcairnia multiramosa Mez : Bolivia Pitcairnia neeana (LBSm. Ex H.Luther) Grant (Syn .: Pepinia neeana L.B.Sm. ex H.Luther ): It was first described from Brazil in 2002. Pitcairnia neglecta (H.Luther) DCTaylor & H.Rob. (Syn .: Pepinia neglecta H.Luther ): Peru Pitcairnia neillii Manzanares & Till : It was first described from Ecuador in 2005. Pitcairnia nematophora L.B.Sm. & RWRead : Venezuela Pitcairnia nigra (Carrière) André : There are two varieties in Ecuador and Colombia: Pitcairnia nigra (Carrière) André var. Nigra Pitcairnia nigra var. Pulchella (Mez) H.Luther Pitcairnia nobilis Mez & Sodiro : Ecuador Pitcairnia nortefluminensis Leme : It was first described from Brazil in 2004. Pitcairnia nubigena Planchon & Linden : Venezuela Pitcairnia nuda Baker (Syn .: Pepinia nuda (Baker) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): Guayana, Suriname Pitcairnia oaxacana L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia oblongifolia L.B.Sm. : Ecuador Pitcairnia occidentalis L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pepinia occidentalis (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): Colombia Pitcairnia ochroleuca (C.Koch & CDBouché) Baker : Mexico, Guatemala Pitcairnia ocotensis sac sp . & López : It was first described from Mexico in 2008. Pitcairnia odontopoda Baker : Peru Pitcairnia olivaestevae J.R.Grant : It was first described from Venezuela of 2007. Pitcairnia oranensis L.B.Sm. : Argentina Pitcairnia orchidifolia Mez (Syn .: Pitcairnia grafii Rauh ): Venezuela Pitcairnia oxapampae H.Luther : Peru Pitcairnia palaciosii Manzan. & W.Till : It was first described in 2005 from the Ecuadorian province of Zamora-Chinchipe. This endemic thrives terrestrially in the Amazonian lowland rainforest at altitudes of around 1200 meters. Pitcairnia pallidiflavens Rauh : It is only known from the type location in San Martin, Peru. It forms large stocks of damp, steep rock faces at altitudes of around 800 meters. Pitcairnia palmeri S. Watson : It thrives terrestrially in light forests and lithophytically on steep rocks at altitudes of 750 to 1750 meters in the Mexican provinces of Chihuahua, Nayarit, Jalisco and Morelos. Pitcairnia palmoides Mez & Sodiro (Syn .: Pitcairnia dracaenoides H.Luther , Pitcairnia volubilis L.B.Sm. ): It occurs in Ecuador. Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pavon) Ruiz & Pavon (Syn .: Pitcairnia biattenuata Rusby , Pitcairnia excelsa E. Morren , Pitcairnia fruticetorum Mez , Pitcairnia longifolia Hook. , Pitcairnia pulverulenta sensu Baker non Ruiz & Pavon ): It thrives in the thicket and terrestrial open forests at altitudes of 300 to 2800 meters in Peru and Bolivia. Pitcairnia paraguayensis L.B.Sm. : It thrives between shady rocks in Paraguay. Pitcairnia patentiflora L.B.Sm. : There are four varieties: Pitcairnia patentiflora var. Armata L.B.Sm. : It thrives mostly terrestrially and sometimes locally in shrub vegetation on sandstone domes at altitudes of 600 to 700 meters in Venezuela only in the Amazon. Pitcairnia patentiflora var. Macrantha L.B.Sm. : It is only known from the 1942 type collection from Mount Chiribiquete on the Rio Macaya at altitudes of 510 to 630 meters in the Colombian town of Vaupes. Pitcairnia patentiflora L.B.Sm. var. patentiflora : It thrives terrestrially or lithophytically in open locations at altitudes of 110 to 1025 meters in Venezuela only in the Amazon, in Colombia only in Vaupes and in Brazil only in Pará . Pitcairnia patentiflora var. Subintegra L.B.Sm. : It thrives terrestrially or lithophytically in savannas in Venezuela only in the Amazon and in Colombia only in Vaupes. Pitcairnia pavonii Mez : It thrives terrestrially or lithophytically on open or wooded slopes at altitudes of 2000 to 2600 meters in the Ecuadorian provinces of Guayas, Cotopaxi and Loja. Pitcairnia pectinata L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pepinia pectinata (LBSm.) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It only thrives at altitudes of about 2000 meters in the Colombian Antioquia. Pitcairnia peruana (H.Luther) Grant (Syn .: Pepinia peruana H.Luther ): It was first described from Peru in 2002. It thrives at altitudes of around 200 meters in the Peruvian regions of Cajamarca and the Amazon. Pitcairnia petraea L.B.Sm. : It thrives on rocks at altitudes of 2300 to 3300 meters in Colombia only in Cundinamarca. Pitcairnia phelpsiae (LBSm.) B.Holst & LBSm. : It thrives at altitudes of around 2300 meters in Venezuela only in the Amazon. Pitcairnia piepenbringii Rauh & E.Gross : It forms dense stands in the weathered remains of standing stone rocks only in the Brazilian state of Bahia. Pitcairnia platypetala Mez (Syn .: Pepinia platypetala (Mez) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It is common in Brazil and Venezuela. Pitcairnia platystemon Mez , emend. Vásquez & Ibisch : It only occurs in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Pitcairnia poeppigiana Mez : It occurs only in the Peruvian region of Loreto. Pitcairnia pomacochae Rauh : It thrives at altitudes of around 1200 meters in Peru. Pitcairnia poortmanii André : It thrives lithophytically in Colombia and Ecuador. Pitcairnia prolifera Rauh : So far it has only been found on Ceiba pentandra growing epiphytically at an altitude of about 800 meters in Ecuador. Pitcairnia pruinosa Kunth (Syn .: Pepinia pruinosa (Kunth) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): It thrives lithophytically on granite rocks in Venezuela in the Amazon and Bolivar. Pitcairnia pseudopungens Rauh : This endemic thrives on rocks at an altitude of around 1200 meters only on the Rio Maranon above Balsas in the Peruvian Amazon region. Pitcairnia pseudoundulata Rauh : This endemic thrives terrestrially in the rainforest at an altitude of about 800 meters between Milagro and Imacita in the Peruvian Amazon region. Pitcairnia pteropoda L.B.Sm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia militaris L.B.Sm. ): It thrives on steep rock faces and in forests at altitudes of 1200 to 1400 meters in the Mexican states of Jalisco, Michoacan and Guerrero. Pitcairnia puberula Mez & Donn.Sm. : It thrives in penumbra terrestrial and lithophytic at altitudes of 810 to 1400 meters from Mexico to Guatemala. Pitcairnia pulverulenta Ruiz & Pavon : It thrives lithophytically in forests at altitudes of 750 to 1700 meters in the Peruvian regions of San Martin, Huanuco, Cuzco and Puno. Pitcairnia pungens Kunth : There are two varieties and one form: Pitcairnia pungens var. Flava L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives on rock faces just above Inca on the road 1 km east of Machu Picchu in the valley of the Rio Urubamba at altitudes of 2550 to 2800 meters in the Peruvian region of Cuzco. Pitcairnia pungens Kunth var. Pungens (Syn .: Pitcairnia laevis Willd. Ex Schult. & Schult.f. , Pitcairnia concolor Baker ): It thrives terrestrially in deserts to semi-deserts in inner-Andean areas in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Pitcairnia pungens forma alba Manzanares & Till : It was first described in 2005. This endemic thrives terrestrially in deserts to semi-deserts in inner-Andean areas only in the Ecuadorian Pichincha. Pitcairnia punicea Scheidw. (Syn .: Pitcairnia jacksoni Hook. , Pepinia punicea (Scheidw.) Brongn. Ex André ): It thrives on rocks in forests or partially submerged in flowing waters at altitudes from 0 to 1200 meters from Mexico to Guatemala. Pitcairnia pusilla (Mez) Mez : It is probably only known from the type material that comes from French Guiana, without any precise information on the place where it was found. Pitcairnia puyoides L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives at altitudes of 1200 to 1600 meters only in the Peruvian region of San Martin. Pitcairnia ramosii Spencer & LBSm. : Colombia Pitcairnia rectiflora rough : Peru Pitcairnia recurvata (Scheidw.) K. Koch (Syn .: Pitcairnia polyanthoides Brongn. Ex Decaisne , Pepinia recurvata E. Morren ex Baker , Pitcairnia macrochlamys Mez , Pitcairnia taenipetala (Mez) Mez ): Mexico, Guatemala, Belize Pitcairnia reflexiflora André : Ecuador Pitcairnia rigida Mez : Colombia, Peru Pitcairnia wrestling Klotzsch ex Link, Klotzsch & Otto : Mexico Pitcairnia riparia Mez : Ecuador, Peru Pitcairnia rojasii H.Luther : It was first described from Peru in 2007. Pitcairnia rondonicola L.B.Sm. & RWRead : Brazil Pitcairnia roseana L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia roseoalba E. Gross & Rauh : There are two varieties in Peru: Pitcairnia roseoalba E. Gross & Rauh var. Roseoalba Pitcairnia roseoalba var. Rubra E. Gross & Rauh Pitcairnia rubiginosa Baker (Syn .: Pitcairnia leprieurii Baker , Pepinia rubiginosa (Baker) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): There are three varieties: Pitcairnia rubiginosa var. Amazonica (Baker) LBSm. (Syn .: Pitcairnia amazonica Baker ): Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil Pitcairnia rubiginosa var. Integra L.B.Sm. : Brazil Pitcairnia rubiginosa Baker var. Rubiginosa : Colombia, Brazil, French Guiana Pitcairnia rubronigriflora Rough : Peru Pitcairnia ruderalis L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia ruiziana Mez : Peru Pitcairnia rundelliana J.R.Grant : Panama Pitcairnia sagasteguii L.B.Sm. & RWRead : It only thrives at altitudes of around 1700 meters in the Peruvian region of Piura. Pitcairnia saltensis L.B.Sm. : It only occurs in Salta, Argentina. Pitcairnia samuelssonii L.B.Sm. : This endemic thrives terrestrially and lithophytically in forests and xerophytic areas at altitudes of 350 to 1050 meters only on the island of Hispaniola . Pitcairnia sandemanii L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia sanguinea (H.Luther) DCTaylor & H.Rob. (Syn .: Pepinia sanguinea H.Luther ): Colombia Pitcairnia sastrei L.B.Sm. & RWRead : Brazil, French Guiana Pitcairnia saxicola L.B.Sm. : Mexico, Panama Pitcairnia saxosa Gouda : It was first described in 2009. This endemic only thrives on the Inselberg St. Marcel at altitudes of 300 to 450 meters in French Guiana. Pitcairnia scandens Ule : Peru Pitcairnia sceptriformis Mez : Ecuador, Peru Pitcairnia sceptrigera Mez : Ecuador Pitcairnia divorced ana Baker : Mexico Pitcairnia schultzei Harms : Colombia, Venezuela Pitcairnia Schunkei L.B.Sm. & RWRead : Peru Pitcairnia secundiflora L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia semaphora L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia semijuncta Baker emend. Gouda : Brazil, Guyana, Suriname Pitcairnia serrulata L.B.Sm. & RWRead : Peru Pitcairnia setipetiola L.B.Sm. & Betancur : Colombia Pitcairnia similis L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia simulans H.Luther : There are two varieties: Pitcairnia simulans var. Ornata H.Luther : Ecuador Pitcairnia simulans H.Luther var. Simulans : Ecuador Pitcairnia smithiorum H.Luther : Peru Pitcairnia sneidernii L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia sodiroi Mez : Ecuador Pitcairnia sordida L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia spectabilis Mez : Colombia Pitcairnia spicata (Lam.) Mez (Syn .: Pitcairnia affinis C. Koch , Pitcairnia albucifolia Schrad. , Pitcairnia angustifolia E. Morren ex Baker , Pitcairnia latifolia var. Furfuracea Baker , Pitcairnia pruinosa hort. Ex K. Koch , Pitcairnia ringens sensu Beer ): Martinique Pitcairnia sprucei Baker (Syn .: Pepinia sprucei (Baker) GSVarad. & Gilmartin ): Colombia, Peru, Brazil, French Guiana Pitcairnia squarrosa L.B.Sm. : There are three varieties: Pitcairnia squarrosa var. Aurantiaca L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia squarrosa var. Colorata L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia squarrosa L.B.Sm. var. squarrosa : Colombia Pitcairnia staminea Loddiges : Brazil Pitcairnia stenophylla André : Colombia Pitcairnia stevensonii H.Luther & Whitten : Ecuador Pitcairnia steyermarkii L.B.Sm. : Venezuela Pitcairnia straminea Poeppig ex Mez : Peru Pitcairnia subfuscopetala Rauh & Hebding : Peru Pitcairnia subulifera L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia sulphurea Andrews (Syn .: Pitcairnia bracteata var. Beta Dryand. , Pitcairnia spicata var. Sulphurea (Andrews) Mez ): It is endemic to the Caribbean island of St. Vincent . Pitcairnia susannae Manzan. & Till : It was first described in 2005 from Ecuador. Pitcairnia sylvestris L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia tabuliformis Linden : Mexico; a small species Pitcairnia tarapotensis Baker : Peru Pitcairnia tatzyanae (H.Luther) DCTaylor & H.Rob. (Syn .: Pepinia tatzyanae H.Luther ): Peru Pitcairnia tillandsioides L.B.Sm. : Mexico Pitcairnia tillii Manzan. : It was first described in 2005 from Ecuador. Pitcairnia tolimensis L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia torresiana L.B.Sm. : There are two varieties in Brazil: Pitcairnia torresiana var. Glaberrima E.Pereira Pitcairnia torresiana L.B.Sm. var. torresiana Pitcairnia trianae André : There are two varieties: Pitcairnia trianae var. Retusa L.B.Sm. : Ecuador Pitcairnia trianae André var. Trianae : Colombia and Bolivia Pitcairnia trimorpha L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia truncata L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia tuberculata L.B.Sm. : Venezuela Pitcairnia tuerckheimii Donn.Sm. : Mexico and Guatemala Pitcairnia tumulicola L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia turbinella L.B.Sm. : Colombia and Venezuela Pitcairnia tympani L.B.Sm. : Venezuela Pitcairnia uaupensis Baker : Colombia and Brazil Pitcairnia ulei L.B.Sm. : Brazil Pitcairnia undulata Scheidw. : Mexico Pitcairnia unilateralis L.B.Sm. : Ecuador Pitcairnia utcubambensis Rauh : Peru Pitcairnia valerioi Standley : Costa Rica and Panama Pitcairnia vallisoletana Lexarza : Mexico Pitcairnia vargasiana L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia vargasii R.Vasquez & PLIbisch : It was first described from Bolivia in 2009. Pitcairnia venezuelana L.B.Sm. & Steyermark : Venezuela Pitcairnia ventidirecta L.B.Sm. & Betancur : Colombia Pitcairnia verrucosa L.B.Sm. : Colombia Pitcairnia villetaensis Rauh : Colombia Pitcairnia virginalis J. Utley & Burt-Utley : Mexico Pitcairnia volker-schaedlichii P.J. Braun : Was described in 2018 from the border area of ​​Bolivia and Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) Pitcairnia wendlandii Encholirium pierre-braunii Esteves : Was described in 2017 from the west of the Brazilian state of Bahia ' Baker : Mexico, Guatemala and Costa Rica Pitcairnia wendtiae Tatagiba & BRSilva : Brazil Pitcairnia wilburiana J. Utley : Guatemala Pitcairnia windischii E. Pereira & LBSm. : Brazil Pitcairnia wolfei L.B.Sm. : Peru Pitcairnia woronowii W. Weber : Colombia Pitcairnia xanthocalyx Mart. : Mexico Pitcairnia yaupi-bajaensis Rauh : Peru Pitcairnia yocupitziae Espejo & López-Ferrarri : It was first described from Mexico in 2010. It thrives lithophytically in the damp forest at altitudes of around 2500 meters only in the Mexican state of Guerrero.

literature

• Werner Rauh : Bromeliads - Tillandsias and other bromeliads worthy of culture. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-6371-3 .
• Lyman B. Smith , Robert Jack Downs: Flora Neotropica , Monograph 14, Part 1, Pitcairnioideae (Bromeliaceae) , Hafner Press, New York, 1974, ISBN 0-89327-303-1 : Pitcairnia from p. 224.
• Eric J. Gouda: Studies on the Flora of the Guianas: The Genus Pitcairnia (Bromeliaceae). In: Selbyana , Volume 30, Issue 1, 2009, pp. 80-88. JSTOR 41760350

Individual evidence

1. ^ Werner Rauh , Wilhelm A. Barthlott : Pitcairnia loki-schmittiae . ( Memento of the original from October 15, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 230 kB)  
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew} In “Species Index” click on Pitcairnia at Eric J. Gouda, Derek Butcher, Kees Gouda: Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads , Version 3.1 (2012). _{last accessed on January 19, 2015}
3. ^ Harry E. Luther: An Alphabetical List of Bromeliad Binomials , 2008 in The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, Florida, USA. Published by The Bromeliad Society International. (PDF file; 314 kB)
4. ↑ Christof Nikolaus Schröder: Pitcairnia aureobrunnea Rauh: Locus classicus and typification / Pitcairnia aureobrunnea Rauh: Locus classicus and typification. In Die Bromelie 2015 (2) 65–73.
5. ↑
   • Pitcairnia feliciana . In: U. Brunken, M. Schmidt, S. Dressler, T. Janssen, A. Thiombiano, G. Zizka: West African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main 2008.

Web links

Commons : Pitcairnia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Pitcairnia on Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
• Brief description of the genus Pitcairnia with photos. (German)
• Illustrations.

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