Glyceric acid

Structural formula
Structural formula without specifying the stereochemistry
General
Surname	Glyceric acid
other names	2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid
Molecular formula	C 3 H 6 O 4
Brief description	oily, colorless substance
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 473-81-4 (unspecified) 600-19-1 ( DL glyceric acid ) 6000-40-4 ( D -glyceric acid ) 28305-26-2 ( L -glyceric acid ) EC number 207-472-9 ECHA InfoCard 100.006.795 PubChem 752 ChemSpider 732 Wikidata Q424906
properties
Molar mass	106.076 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
solubility	soluble in water and ethanol , insoluble in diethyl ether
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Glyceric acid is a naturally occurring sugar acid having three carbon atoms , which occurs in two isomeric forms. Their salts and esters are called glycerates .

Occurrence

• 

  D -Glyceric acid

• 

  L -glyceric acid

The D -Glycerinsäure occurs naturally in various plants (for example in the field bean before). The L -Glycerinsäure has also been identified in nature, for example in Pseudomonas elodea .

Extraction and presentation

A racemic mixture of the two isomers of glyceric acid can be prepared by oxidation of glycerol with nitric acid are obtained.

properties

Glyceric acid is a syrupy organic acid . It is easily soluble in water and alcohol . The compound decomposes when heated to 140 ° C.

Biological importance

Several phosphate derivatives of glyceric acid , including 2-phosphoglyceric acid , 3-phosphoglyceric acid , 2,3-disphosphoglyceric acid, and 1,3-disphosphoglyceric acid , are important biochemical intermediates in various metabolic pathways, such as alcoholic fermentation , glycolysis, and photosynthesis .

References and comments

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Entry on glyceric acid. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 16, 2014.
2. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
3. ↑ Collins PM, Munasinghe VRN, Rupert Purchase; Dictionary of carbohydrates;
4. ↑ Glycerin (Seilnacht).
5. ↑ glyceric acid . In: Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon 1894–1896, Volume 8, p. 96.
6. ↑ glyceric acid . In: Compact Lexicon of Biology .