Ruby crown
| Ruby crown | ||||||||||||
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Ruby crown ( Calyptura cristata ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Calyptura | ||||||||||||
| Swainson , 1832 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Calyptura cristata | ||||||||||||
| ( Vieillot , 1818) |
The ruby crown ( Calyptura cristata ), also known as the golden chicken kotinga or the golden chicken tyrant , is an extremely rare species of bird from Brazil. It represents the only species in the genus Calyptura .
description
The ruby crown reaches a size of 8 centimeters. The top is light yellow olive. The rump and forehead are yellow. The dark tail is very short. The wings are dark and have two white wing bands. The umbrella springs have white tips. The underside is yolk yellow, the breast is olive-colored. The center of the apex is characterized by long orange-red and yellow-orange feathers, which are bordered by black feathers. His reputation is described as short, sharp and uncomfortable.
habitat
The ruby crown lives in its distribution area north of Rio de Janeiro forests of the mountain foothills at altitudes over 1000 m.
food
The ruby crown searches for food in the canopy and feeds on fruits, seeds and insects.
status
The ruby crown was thought to be lost between 1890 and 1996 and for a long time was only known from 50 museum specimens from the 19th century. Five of them are in the Naturalis Museum in Leiden . On October 27, 1996, the Brazilian ornithologist Ricardo Parrini succeeded in rediscovering two specimens in the Serra dos Órgãos north of Rio de Janeiro . In March 2006, the German ornithologist Dr. Martin Schäfer from the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg observed a specimen in a mixed swarm of tangerines and honey-eaters near Folha Seca, northwest of Ubatuba , São Paulo . However, this has not been officially confirmed. Due to the deforestation of the habitat due to the rapidly growing suburbs of Rio de Janeiro, the breeding area of the ruby crown has shrunk to an area of 3 km². Harvesting bromeliads , mistletoes, and orchids is another threat.
Systematics
The ruby crown was traditionally regarded as a member of the ornamental birds . An analysis of 180-year-old DNA has shown, however, that this kind with the tyrant genera Neopipo and Platyrinchus is related. In 2016 the species was placed in the family Tyrannidae by the South American Classification Committee.
literature
- J. Del Hoyo, A. Elliot, D. Christie (Editors): Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 9: Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails . Lynx Edicions 2004. ISBN 84-87334-69-5
- José Fernando Pacheco and Paulo Sérgio Moreira da Fonseca : The remarkable rediscovery of the Kinglet Calyptura Calyptura cristata . Cotinga 16 (2001): 44-47 Online ( Memento of June 8, 2002 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ohlson, JI, Irestedt, M., Fjeldså, J. & Ericson, PGP (2012) Putting an end to a mystery: DNA from a 180 years old study skin reveals the phylogenetic position of the Kinglet Calyptura Calyptura cristata (Passeriformes: Tyrannides ) . Ibis.
Web links
- Calyptura cristata in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2008. Accessed on October 11 of 2008.
- BirdLife factsheet
- WorldTwitch Brazil - About the discovery of another specimen at Ubatuba . (English)
- Cotinga roitelet (Calyptura cristata) in the Muséum Victor Brun (French)