Gold hood jewelry hummingbird

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Gold hood jewelry hummingbird
Illustration of the golden bonnet hummingbird in "A monograph of the Trochilidae, or family of humming-birds" by John Gould

Illustration of the golden bonnet hummingbird in "A monograph of the Trochilidae, or family of humming-birds" by John Gould

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Sunbeam hummingbirds
Type : Gold hood jewelry hummingbird
Scientific name of the  genus
Heliactin
Boie , 1831
Scientific name of the  species
Heliactin bilophus
( Temminck , 1820)

The golden hooded hummingbird or sunbeam elf ( Heliactin bilophus ) is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that covers about 2,500,000 square kilometers in the South American countries Suriname , Brazil, and Bolivia . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The male golden bonnet jewelry hummingbird has tufts of red, blue and gold feathers on each side of its head. The back is shimmering green. The black throat and chest merge into white towards the belly. He has a pointed long tail. The female is similar to the male. Only the distinctive colorful color pattern on the head is missing in the female. Instead, the head is colored like the back.

Habitat

The hummingbird prefers dry climates and semi-open habitats such as forest edges and pastureland. It is often found in the Cerrado savannahs typical of Brazil .

behavior

The usual diet consists of nectar and smaller insects. With up to 90 wing beats per second, the bird is mentioned in the Guinness Book of Records as the bird with the highest number of wing beats per second.

Subspecies

So far, no subspecies of the golden bonnet jewelry hummingbird are known. Heliactin bilopha was converted to Heliactin bilophus according to the International Rules for Zoological Nomenclature .

distribution

Distribution of the golden bonnet jewelry hummingbird

The hummingbird can be found from the extreme south of Suriname through northern central Brazil to the east and central Brazil. Its occurrence extends over the federal states of Amapá , from Maranhão to Alagoas , southern Bahia to São Paulo and in the west of Mato Grosso . He was seldom seen in Rondônia . There are reports that it is also found in Acre in western Brazil . In eastern Bolivia it is present in the Santa Cruz Department .

Etymology and history of research

For a long time, the scientific name Heliactin cornuta ( Wied-Neuwied , 1821) was used for the gold bonnet jewelry hummingbird , which today is only considered a synonym. Coenraad Jacob Temminck described the species under the name Trochilus bilophus . He named Brazil as the place where the type specimen was found . Only later was it added to the Heliactin genus, newly introduced by Friedrich Boie in 1831 . This name is derived from the Greek words "hēlios ἥλιος " for "sun" and "actin, aktinos ακτιν, ακτινος " for "sunbeam". The specific epithet "bilophus" is a structure from the Latin "bi-" for "two, double" and the Greek "lophos λοφος " for "comb". "Cornuta" is derived from the Latin "cornutus, cornu" for "horned, horn".

literature

  • Ber van Perlo: A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil , Oxford University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-19-530155-7 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Coenraad Jacob Temminck: Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux: pour servir de suite et de complément aux planches enluminées de Buffon (plate 18, figure 3 & text) . tape 4 , delivery 3. Legras Imbert et Comp., Strasbourg 1820 ( online [accessed 14 July 2014]).
  • Friedrich Boie: Comments on species and some ornithological families and clans . In: Isis von Oken . tape 24 , 1831, pp. 538-548 ( online [accessed July 14, 2014]).
  • Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied: trip to Brazil: in the years 1815 to 1817; with two and twenty coppers, nineteen vignettes and three cards . tape 2 . Heinrich Ludwig Brönner, Frankfurt 1821 ( online [accessed July 14, 2014]).
  • Norman David, Michel Gosselin: Gender agreement of avian species names . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 122 , no. 1 , 2002, p. 14–49 ( online [accessed July 15, 2014]).
  • Edward Clive Dickinson: Systematic notes on Asian birds. 9. The "Nouveau recueil de planches coloriees" of Temminck & Laugier (1820-1839) . In: Zoological negotiations uitgegeven door het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden . No. 335 , 2001, p. 7–56 ( online [PDF; 2.4 MB ; accessed on July 15, 2014]).

Web links

Commons : Golden Bonnet Hummingbird  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Horned Sungem
  2. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  3. ↑ Norman David et al. a., p. 40
  4. ↑ Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied, p. 190
  5. ^ Coenraad Jacob Temminck, plate 18, figure 3 & text pp. 86-87
  6. ↑ Edward Clive Dickinson worked out the exact publication dates of Temminck's work in his article. Plate 18 belonged to delivery 3 from 1820. This means that Temminck's name has priority over that of Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied.
  7. ^ Coenraad Jacob Temminck, p. 87
  8. ^ Friedrich Boie, p. 546
  9. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 187
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 72
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 118