Gothic construction plans

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Gothic construction plans
World document heritage UNESCO World Document Heritage emblem
St. Stephan - Singertorvorhalle a.jpg
St. Stephan - Singertorvorhalle
State (s): AustriaAustria Austria
Duration: 282 sheets
Period: 1150 to 1550
Storage: Kupferstichkabinett of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna
Register link: Collection of Gothic Architectural Drawings
Admission: 2005 ( session 7 )

The Gotische Baurisse , a collection of architectural drawings in the Kupferstichkabinett of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna , was included in Austria 's World Document Heritage in 2005. The collection includes inventory numbers 9,707; 10,931, 16,816-17,053; 17,055-17,069; 17,071-17,096; 17,101; 17262; 35,043-35,045.

With 427 drawings (282 sheets, some of which have drawings on the front and back), the Academy of Fine Arts has the world's largest inventory of Gothic architectural plans, of which there are fewer than 500 in total. These are the oldest surviving architectural drawings in the world; one third is parchment , the rest is paper. Their size varies between 5 cm and 4.50 m. The drawings help to reconstruct the work of the medieval construction huts . In addition to large, meticulously executed presentation plans, the collection also includes everyday drawings and fleeting sketches that allow conclusions to be drawn about the design work and the theoretical lessons of the construction works.

In the 18th century, the inventory of plans for the Viennese Dombauhütte was viewed as useless - with the exception of a few parchments that were considered for sale - and stored in the military arsenal. When the Academy was offered a collection of "Gothic antiquities" in 1787, it could not make up its mind to buy it. The court stone mason Franz Jäger the Elder (1743–1809) was different: he recognized the importance of Gothic building plans for contemporary architects. He used it himself, for example, in his design work for the Franzensburg in Laxenburg. Franz Jäger the Younger, his son, inherited the collection and bequeathed it to the Academy in 1837. In 1882, Prince Johann von Liechtenstein donated a plan of the Sebaldus tomb in Nuremberg. The plan for the north tower of St. Stephen's Cathedral was transferred from the museum in Brno to Vienna in exchange for several paintings .

The reconstruction and restoration work on St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna was made much easier by the collection of Gothic architectural plans . Research on the cathedrals in Strasbourg , Cologne , Prague , Regensburg , Ulm and Augsburg and on Gothic church construction in general is also based on this material. Neo-Gothic architects studied these plans, as can be seen, for example, in the St. Matthias Cathedral in Budapest ( Frigyes Schulek , 1865).

Plans from the collection of Gothic building plans have already been presented to the public several times at international exhibitions:

  • The Parler (Cologne, 1978);
  • Les Bâtisseurs des Cathédrales (Strasbourg, 1989);
  • The Crown of Bohemia (New York, 2005; Prague, 2006);
  • The cathedral building of St. Stephan - The original plans from the Middle Ages ( Wien Museum , 2011).

  • North side of the north tower, ca.1465

  • Floor plan of the north tower, approx. 1516

  • Puchheim canopy, approx. 1464

literature

  • Hans Koepf : The Gothic plan plans of the Viennese collections (= studies of Austrian art history . Volume 4), Vienna 1969.
  • Johann Josef Böker : Architecture of the Gothic: inventory catalog of the world's largest collection of Gothic architectural plans (Franz Jäger bequest) in the Kupferstichkabinett of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna; with an appendix on the medieval architectural drawings in the Vienna Museum Karlsplatz . Pustet, Salzburg / Munich 2005. ISBN 978-3-7025-0510-3 .

Web links

Commons : Gothic building plans  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A magazine find labeled on both sides; not recorded by Koepf.