Gottfried zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst

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Prince Gottfried Maximilian Maria zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (born November 8, 1867 in Vienna ; † November 7, 1932 there ) was an Austrian high aristocrat , major general and diplomat .

Gottfried zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst and his wife Maria Henriette, Archduchess of Austria (1908)

Life

Gottfried as a child (1870), painting by Hans Makart

Gottfried was the son of Prince Konstantin zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst and Marie zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , née Sayn-Wittgenstein , nephew of the German Chancellor Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst and brother of the politician Konrad zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst . He graduated from the Schottengymnasium , joined the Hussars in 1887 and attended the Theresian Military Academy from 1893 to 1895 .

From 1902 to 1907 Hohenlohe was a military attaché in Saint Petersburg and then transferred to the diplomatic service. In 1908 he married Archduchess Maria Henriette of Austria-Teschen (1883–1956). The marriage had three children. From April 1908 to November 1913 he was the Austrian Embassy Counselor in Berlin and from August 4, 1914 to November 14, 1918 (at the end of the First World War ) Ambassador of Austria-Hungary to the German Empire .

First World War

Gottfried zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (painting from 1917)

At the end of 1914, Hohenlohe considered possible German intentions to conclude a separate agreement with Russia ceding East Galicia to be “completely out of the question”: After the war, Germany would be “the most hated power in the whole world” and would therefore be dependent on the monarchy. In connection with the "Central Europe question", a close political and economic rapprochement between the two empires, Ambassador Hohenlohe presented it as a plot against the Habsburgs .

When the German Supreme Army Command urged in September 1916 that the Austrian occupied territory in Poland should be dissolved in the German-ruled Generalgouvernement Warsaw in order to be able to raise a unified Polish national army, Hohenlohe complained to Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann about such “absurd demands”, “man is sometimes not very comfortable in Wilhelmstrasse ... in Austria-Hungary an excessive amount of bitterness and irritation can be artificially generated ", which," if it were choked down now, "would have a very bad effect on the peace negotiations.

According to the supplementary treaties to the Brest-Litovsk peace treaty , Hohenlohe was of the opinion, as long as the Bolsheviks were in power, "we should try to exploit them as ruthlessly as Germany in order to reach similar financial and economic agreements." In September 1918, he therefore demanded a third of Germany's promised twenty-five percent share in Baku oil .

When the differences between Emperor Karl I and his Foreign Minister Ottokar Czernin escalated in the Sixtus affair in 1917, Hohenlohe was acted as his successor.

literature

  • German Biographical Encyclopedia Volume 5, Munich 1997, p. 140.
  • Imre Gonda: On the relationship between Germany and the Austro-Hungarian monarchy in the war years 1916 to 1917 (based on the reports of Ambassador Prince G. zu Hohenlohe-Schillingfürst). In: Austria-Hungary in world politics 1900 to 1918. Berlin / GDR 1965, pp. 163–183.
  • Alma Hannig: Prince Gottfried zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1867–1932). A favorite of the imperial courts. In: Alma Hannig, Martina Winkelhofer-Thyri (eds.): The Hohenlohe family. A European dynasty in the 19th and 20th centuries. Böhlau, Cologne / Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-41222201-7 , pp. 229–268.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mediatized House of Hohenlohe on almanachdegotha.org
  2. ↑ a b Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst Gottfried Prinz zu. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 2, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1959, p. 392.
  3. ^ Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf : From my service time 1906–1918. Volume 5: October-November-December 1914. The events of the war and the political processes during this period. Vienna / Berlin / Leipzig / Munich 1925, p. 811.
  4. ↑ Birgitt Morgenbrod: Viennese upper middle class in the First World War. The history of the Austrian Political Society (1916–1918) . Böhlau, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-205-98256-8 , p. 28.
    Henry Cord Meyer: Central Europe in German Thought and Action 1815-1945. The Hague 1955, p. 183.
  5. ^ Gerhard Ritter : Staatskunst und Kriegshandwerk. The problem of "militarism" in Germany. Volume 3: The tragedy of statecraft. Bethmann Hollweg as War Chancellor (1914–1917.) Munich 1964, ISBN 3-486-47041-8 , p. 268 f.
  6. ↑ Winfried Baumgart : Deutsche Ostpolitik 1918. From Brest-Litowsk to the end of the First World War. Vienna / Munich 1966, p. 299.
    Wolfdieter Bihl : The Caucasus Policy of the Central Powers. Part 2: The time of the attempted Caucasian statehood (1917–1918). Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 1992, p. 188.
  7. ^ Fritz Fellner (Ed.): Fateful Years of Austria 1908-1919. Josef Redlich's political diary . Graz / Cologne 1953/1954, Volume 2: p. 233.
personal data
SURNAME Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Gottfried too
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Gottfried Maximilian Maria to
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian military, general and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH November 8, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH November 7, 1932
Place of death Vienna