Graf-Adolf-Strasse (Düsseldorf)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Graf-Adolf-Strasse
coat of arms
Street in Düsseldorf
Graf-Adolf-Strasse
Düsseldorf Graf-Adolf-Straße around 1913, right building with "Kaspar Fuß" flower shop on the corner of Königsallee
Basic data
place Dusseldorf
District City center
Created from 1892
Connecting roads West-east connection between Graf-Adolf-Platz and Konrad-Adenauer-Platz
Cross streets from west to east: Hüttenstrasse; Berliner Allee ; Oststrasse with Karl-Rudolf-Strasse; Bahnstrasse with Pionierstrasse; Stresemannplatz with Stresemannstrasse, Karlstrasse, Scheurenstrasse, Mintropstrasse; Harkortstrasse
use
User groups Tram, car traffic, cyclists and passers-by
Technical specifications
Street length ≈ 850 m

The Graf-Adolf-Straße is a broad multi-lane and busy street in the center of Dusseldorf , which runs from west to east and the southern boundary of the district in its entire length a part of the city center is.

Name and location

The name Graf-Adolf-Straße refers to Count Adolf von Berg , who granted Düsseldorf city ​​rights in 1288 . The name was officially decided in 1893. The street begins at the eastern end of Graf-Adolf-Platz on Königsallee and ends at Konrad-Adenauer-Platz (formerly Wilhelmplatz), which is in front of Düsseldorf Central Station . In its entire length, it is the border to the Friedrichstadt district to the south . Many cross streets running from south to north are busy thoroughfares for north-south traffic in the city. Examples of this are Berliner Allee and Oststrasse with Karl-Rudolf-Strasse. Stresemannplatz is an important traffic junction which, in addition to north-south traffic, is also heavily used for west-east traffic in the city. The road is also important for local public transport, as the tracks of the trams 707, 708 and 709 run from west to east and vice versa .

Infrastructure

The road is designed as a four-lane thoroughfare largely with central and separate double rail areas for tram traffic, partially double-sided parking lanes for cars and additional lanes for bicycles and wide pedestrian areas. The original trees on both sides of the street no longer exist. From Stresemannplatz, located in the eastern area of ​​Graf-Adolf-Straße, the street is now closed to traffic from and to the forecourt of the station. The traffic islands on Stresemannplatz were redesigned in 2007 by the artist Tita Giese with yucca palms , special types of grass and wild crocuses .

View from Stresemannplatz northeast into Karlstrasse

The building height of the houses on Graf-Adolf-Straße is officially prescribed. In 1951, the Building Police Ordinance No. 778 of April 1, 1939 was revised. The permitted number of floors, which was four, was now given as six full floors. An expansion of the attic floors for residential purposes is permitted.

On Graf-Adolf-Straße there are many shops, offices, various restaurants, a theater, a movie theater and a large full-range department store until the end of 2014, etc. The shops, however, apart from a grocery store in a new building completed in 2018, are less daily Consumption oriented, but cover more long-term and special needs. Due to the location in the center of the city and close to the main train station and Königsallee, there are many hotels both directly on the street and on the adjacent side streets. The Christian Association of Young People (YMCA) also has a hotel on the street.

Graf-Adolf-Strasse was a remarkable location for the film industry and the theaters required for showing the films from the beginning of the 20th century. At least seven cinemas can be identified as early as 1910, some of which were opened before 1910 under the name of the cinematograph theater . Only with the decline of the large cinemas in the 1980s were these cinema theaters largely closed. The best known of these now historical cinemas were the “Asta-Nielsen-Theater” (building no. 33 from 1911–1986), the “Europa-Palast-Theater” (building no. 44 from (1913) 1929–1962) and the “ Residenz Theater ” (building no. 20 from 1913–1999).

history

Graf-Adolf-Strasse was only laid out as an avenue at the end of the 19th century. When the first systematic planning for an enlarged urban area was made before the 1840s, the entire area in the south-east of the historic core city with the old town and Carlstadt was almost unpopulated. The city ​​moat was still connected to the swan mirror as an aboveground continuation until around 1835, as can be seen from the city map of "Düsseldorf and its surroundings" from 1809 . For the railway lines laid out after 1835, the station of the Düsseldorf-Elberfelder Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft and from 1845 and 1846 the station of the Köln-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft were laid out in the southeast on the edge of the existing city area . Both of the first train stations with their tracks were located in the southeast in front of the city in the area between the current Graf-Adolf-Straße and Adersstraße.

In the second half of the 19th century, the urban area began to expand significantly due to the construction of industrial plants outside the old city center and the resulting high levels of immigration. The railway stations with their tracks, which were previously located on the edge of the city, now obstructed the road connection to the Friedrichstadt district , which was approved from 1854 and then rebuilt and located in the southeast of the old city center. For this reason, a new central station was built for the city further east of the two existing train stations and opened on October 1, 1891. Only then could both the track systems and the two old train stations be lifted or torn down. The planning of the new development in the area of ​​the vacant areas began before 1891. The new streets, including Graf-Adolf-Straße, which, apart from a few name changes, largely correspond to the current conditions, are already entered in a city map that was added to the city's address book from 1891. However, the Berliner Allee was missing , as it was only laid out after 1945 and was not planned according to the original plans. Graf-Adolf-Straße was largely laid out in the area of ​​the old track route and the station of the Düsseldorf-Elberfeld railway. The demolition of the above-ground facilities and the station building and the relocation of the tracks took some time. Accordingly, the new streets and the subsequent construction of new buildings could not be laid out and erected immediately, but only with a slight delay.

The following progress for the layout and development of the new city area with and south of Graf-Adolf-Straße can be seen from the old city maps and the associated address books. It should be taken into account that at the beginning the street began as a continuation of Thurmstrasse on Friedrichstrasse, since Graf-Adolf-Platz was not yet available at that time. This was not created until 1905, when Breite Straße and Canalstraße could also be extended.

Former house of the Chamber of Commerce at Graf-Adolf-Straße No. 47
  • From 1891 to 1894 the new streets were up to Luisenstrasse (previously written Louisenstrasse) and the southern extensions of Königsallee, Oststrasse (currently: Karl-Rudolf-Strasse), Bahnstrasse (currently: Pionierstrasse), Steinstrasse (currently: Scheurenstrasse) and the new ones The streets of Hüttenstraße, Mintropstraße and Harkortstraße are laid out. The development took place naturally only afterwards and
  • Until 1895 only building no. 2 on Graf-Adolf-Straße in the Friedrichstraße area is the only one that can be traced. From the following year, the area from Friedrichstrasse to the Königsallee intersection was already fully developed.
  • In 1896, buildings no. 1 to 8 were listed on the south side of Graf-Adolf-Strasse between Friedrichstrasse and Königsallee. Then the so-called Essmann's commercial buildings with no. 11/13 were under construction up to Hüttenstrasse and then houses no. 17 and 19 up to Oststrasse. From Oststrasse only building no. 43 was in front of Bahnstrasse and after that only no. 67 was already there up to Steinstrasse (currently: Stresemannstrasse). On the north side of Graf-Adolf-Strasse only building no. 10 had been erected up to Bahnstrasse and buildings no. 64 to 70 followed up to Bahnstrasse. There were no new buildings in the subsequent direction to Wilhelmplatz. From
  • In 1897, some developments after Bahnstrasse to Wilhelmplatz (currently: Konrad-Adenauer-Platz) can be verified for the first time, namely in the area to Steinstrasse (currently: Stresemannstrasse) and Carlstrasse, six buildings, and another three to the forecourt of the train station. But these were all on the north side. The entire south side from Oststraße had not yet been built with new buildings at that time. The "Soap Factory R. Dahl" and the area of ​​the municipal vehicle fleet were also located from the later Pionierstrasse to the station forecourt .

From the end of the 19th century, the remaining building gaps were increasingly closed. This development took place particularly in the southeastern area of ​​Graf-Adolf-Straße from Bahnstraße, as there were even larger gaps there. Even in the war years from 1914 to 1918, as can be seen from the city's list of the costs for the measurement of new building plots on Graf-Adolf-Straße at that time, the initial development was not yet finished. On the other hand, from the 1910s onwards, individual first buildings were rebuilt or replaced by larger, more elaborate structures.

Buildings on Graf-Adolf-Strasse

In addition to buildings no. 11–15 and no. 83–87 , which are described separately, the following buildings are of particular interest, as they are exemplary for the development and redesign of the street and its buildings:

Building Graf-Adolf-Strasse No. 44

Arabian Cafe, Graf-Adolf-Strasse 44

An example of the renovation and multiple new construction of the first building is property number 44, which was in front of property number 46 on the corner of Oststrasse. The “ Arabische Café ”, popular with Düsseldorf residents, was built here in 1895 based on a design by the architect Peters . The restaurant building with its extravagant architecture in the " Moorish style " using colored glazed stones stood on an elongated, but only 8 m deep plot of land that was the remainder of a former railway structure.

The Arabian Café as a restaurant was last listed in the Düsseldorf address book in 1908 and replaced in 1909 by the "Orient-Café". The Orient-Café apparently ceased operations as early as 1910, but from 1911 it is no longer in the address book. Instead, the “Löwenbräu-Restaurant” and a sound-image theater were opened in the building, which has since been rebuilt and enlarged . In 1913 a “palace theater” was mentioned for the first time in addition to the audio-visual theater, and both had the same telephone number. The “Photographic Atelier Hammerschlag” was based here from 1911 to 1922, and the owner was the photographer Walter Lilienthal . One branch was in Dortmund.

From 1927, in addition to the Palace Theater, there was also the Tonbildtheater and the "Wine Bar" and again a "Löwenbräu Restaurant". Since the "Kammerlichtspiele" were also listed for the last time under the same telephone number as the Palast Theater, the Kammerlichtspiele are likely to have been replaced by a new and enlarged theater at the end of 1927. After 1928, the “Europahaus” was rebuilt on an area that had been enlarged significantly to the north by the Bahnstrasse 33–39 site. The architect and at the same time the client was the Cologne architect Jacob Koerfer . The Löwenbräu restaurant and the enlarged “Europa-Palast-Theater” were located in this building. In 1929 and 1930 it was stated for the plots at Oststrasse 33 to 39 that new buildings had been built here, owned by Phönix Grundstücksgesellschaft and all of them belonged to the “Europa-Palast-Theater” complex at Graf-Adolf-Strasse 44. From 1933 a DeFaKa department store can also be verified in the Europahaus . The "Europa-Palast-Theater" was in operation until the 1940s and was closed in 1943/44 for reasons of war.

During the Second World War , as in the entire inner city of Düsseldorf, many buildings on Graf-Adolf-Strasse were severely damaged or destroyed. The war damage was repaired in the 1950s and a new, wide north-south connection, the Berliner Allee between Königsallee and Oststraße, was created from 1954 to adapt to the expected heavy traffic . At the end of 1945 the "Europa-Palast-Theater" was reopened in the damaged building at Graf-Adolf-Straße 44, but the remaining war damage was not repaired until 1949. The cinema was closed in the early 1960s because Horten AG had bought both the building and the DeFaKa .

On the entire northern side of Graf-Adolf-Straße between Berliner Allee and Oststraße, including up to the south side of Bahnstraße, Horten AG demolished existing houses at the beginning of the 1960s and built a new department store. The previous addresses at Graf-Adolf-Strasse 44 and 46 were dropped, and the new, large building complex had the address Berliner Allee 52.

In an initially completed section of the new building, the department store resumed operations from 1964 under the old name DeFaKa. From 1966 the entire building, which was clad with the so-called hydrangea tiles , was completed. It was now operated under the name “Kaufhaus Horten” on the significantly enlarged sales area. In 1994 this department store was sold to Kaufhof AG and closed. After extensive renovation, it was reopened on March 13, 1997 under the name “Kaufhof Berliner Allee No. 52” and in 2008 it was renamed “Galeria Kaufhof Berliner Allee”.

Building complex hotel "The Crown" and food market "Edeka Zurheide"

The department store "Galeria Kaufhof Berliner Allee" was sold again in 2014 and closed on December 21 of the same year. The supervision and administration of a planned renovation of the building was carried out by the Cologne house and property administration Dr. Koefer & Co. (Koerfer Group, going back to the "Europahaus" architect Jacob Koerfer). Since the beginning of January 2015 the building has been rebuilt and the area of ​​the former old multi-storey car park torn down. A new commercial and hotel building is being built, called “The Crown”. The renovation should be completed in early 2017. This original completion date could not be met and was delayed until 2018. The occupancy concept for the building has been changed, since "Edeka Center Zurheide" will now operate a "fine grocery store and event catering" as the sole trading company in the new building on the ground floor and basement. The trading area originally planned on the first floor is no longer available. Instead, the planned parking garage area will now be on the 1st to 3rd floor instead of the 2nd to 4th floor. The Edeka Center was completed in early March 2018 and the grocery store opened on March 9th.

The "Carat Hotel" was built by a Munich hotel group on the upper 4th and 5th floors of the new building complex; it opened on March 9, 2018. The hotel entrance is on Oststrasse, with the postal address Oststrasse 155.

Building Graf-Adolf-Strasse No. 47

Savoy theater

A particularly stately building was the Graf-Adolf-Strasse 47 house , which was built between 1900 and 1901 according to a design by Hermann vom Endt to the east near the intersection with Oststrasse as the first own office building for the Düsseldorf Chamber of Commerce . The Düsseldorf Chamber of Commerce, since 1924 the Düsseldorf Chamber of Commerce and Industry (IHK), remained in this building until it was destroyed by bombs in 1943.

After the Second World War , the IHK rebuilt its destroyed building in a simplified form, and in 1951 the office was able to move into the house again. In 1957 the IHK gave up this location and moved into a jointly constructed, larger new building with the Düsseldorf stock exchange on a corner plot of Berliner Allee / Immermannstraße.

After a renovation of the house, on April 18, 1958, a private operator opened the “Savoy Cinema” in the Graf-Adolf-Straße 47 building, which had 878 seats. From 1990 the Savoy cinema was taken over by the UFA and then converted into box cinemas by dividing the large cinema hall into five small cinemas. It operated as a UFA cinema until it was sold in 1999. After being converted into a theater again, it was opened in September 2000. Since then, a wide-ranging program has been offered in the Savoy Theater , ranging from plays and concerts to cabarets and readings. In addition, a studio cinema with 190 seats was opened in the building from 2006.

Hansahaus, before 1904

Hansahaus, Graf-Adolf-Strasse / corner of Wilhelmplatz (Konrad-Adenauer-Platz)

Share over 1000 marks in Hansa, Rheinische Immobilien-AG from March 1923

The former Hansahaus is located at the east end of Graf-Adolf-Straße, close to Düsseldorf Central Station . This was built by the Swiss architect Heinrich Ernst for “de Fries & Comp.” Until 1902 and was acquired by “Hansa, Rheinische Immobilien-AG” after completion. In the address book of 1903 this AG is listed as the owner for the first time. The Hansahaus was a metropolitan business palace and at the beginning of the 20th century one of the most modern commercial properties in Düsseldorf. Destruction of the war and structural changes have led to a simpler appearance of the building to this day. Since 1959, the building has served as the headquarters of the North Rhine-Westphalia State Audit Office .

proof

  1. ^ In: Timeline for Friedrichstadt and Kirchplatz . 1880 to 1900.
  2. ^ In: Official Gazette for the Düsseldorf administrative region. No. 46 . 1951, Bagel, p. [341] 326.
  3. ↑ List of cinemas in Düsseldorf
  4. ^ In: Address book of the city of Düsseldorf. City map . 1891, pp. [851] -.
  5. ^ In: Address book of the city of Düsseldorf. City map . 1895, p. [628] 550.
  6. ^ Graf Adolphstrasse 11/13 Neubauten, in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf 1896 , p. 557 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
  7. ^ In: Address book of the city of Düsseldorf. City map . 1896, p. [641] 517.
  8. ^ In: Address book of the city of Düsseldorf. City map . 1897, p. [660/1] 578/9.
  9. ^ In: Address book of the city of Düsseldorf. City map . 1897, p. [1004] -.
  10. ^ In: Administrative report of the state capital Düsseldorf . Period April 1, 1914 to March 31, 1919, p. [120] 99.
  11. ^ Architects and Engineers Association in Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, p. 324.
  12. ^ Address book for the city of Düsseldorf 1909 , 3rd part, p. [763] 141.
  13. ^ Address book for the city of Düsseldorf 1911 , Part 3, p. [668] 188.
  14. ^ Address book for the city of Düsseldorf 1913 , Part 3, p. [832] 148.
  15. ^ Atelier Hammerschlag, from 1911–1922 atelier in Düsseldorf, owner Walter Lilienthal, Graf-Adolf-Strasse 44 , on emuseum.duesseldorf, accessed on July 21, 2017
  16. ^ Address book for the city of Düsseldorf 1927 , 3rd part, p. [845] 103.
  17. ^ Address book of the city of Düsseldorf , 3rd part. 1929, p. [902] 125.
  18. ^ In: Adressbuch der Stadt Düsseldorf 1930 , 3rd part, p. [836] 20.
  19. ^ In: Adressbuch der Stadt Düsseldorf 1933 , 3rd part, p. [953] 146.
  20. ↑ Address books from 1929, 1930 and 1940, each in the 3rd part, pp. [902] 125, [944] 128 and [988] 167.
  21. ↑ Düsseldorfer Stadtchronik 1997. (online version)
  22. ↑ Last day for the Kaufhof Berliner Allee. In: RP Online from December 20, 2014.
  23. ↑ Zurheide on Berliner Allee won't open until the beginning of 2018. In: RP Online from October 1, 2016.
  24. ↑ Zurheide takes over ex-Kaufhof Berliner Allee. In: RP Online from February 9, 2017.
  25. ↑ In: RP Online from March 9, 2018 . Zurheide opening
  26. ↑ In: Internet / press release of March 14, 2018 . Opening of the new Carat Hotel
  27. ^ Architects and Engineers Association in Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, p. 198 f.
  28. ↑ Ulrich S. Soénius (Ed.): 175 years IHK Düsseldorf. Acting for companies. Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-933025-41-9 , p. 33. ( online as PDF)
  29. ↑ Ulrich S. Soénius (Ed.): 175 years IHK Düsseldorf. Acting for companies. Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-933025-41-9 , p. 126.
  30. ↑ Atelier-Kino in the Savoy-Theater on the Düsseldorf Filmkunstkinos website , accessed on March 17, 2017
  31. ^ In: Address book for the city of Düsseldorf and the mayor's offices. Third part . 1903, p. [734] 150.

Remarks

  1. ↑ The Residenz cinema has since been converted into a club and event hall. It was opened in November 2000 under the new address “Nacht-Residenz, Bahnstrasse No. 9”.
  2. ↑ Until 1933, only the undeveloped area north of Haroldstraße between Breite Straße, a southern extension of the western Königsallee, was called Graf-Adolf-Platz. Haroldstrasse ended at Königsallee and Thurmstrasse. The extension of Thurmstrasse was the western beginning of Graf-Adolf-Strasse. Until 1933, only the undeveloped area north of Haroldstrasse between Breite Strasse, a southern extension of the western Königsallee, was called Graf-Adolf-Platz . It was only when Graf-Adolf-Platz was renamed Adolf-Hitler-Platz in 1933 that the entire area between Elisabethstrasse and Königsallee was assigned to the square and Thurmstrasse was abolished. For the first time, Thurmstrasse is no longer listed in the city's address book from 1934. Graf-Adolf-Platz also currently includes this entire area as it was redefined in 1933.
  3. ↑ This was the first building on the new Graf-Adolf-Strasse, which at that time began as a continuation of the no longer existing Thurmstrasse from Friedrichstrasse.
  4. ↑ The vehicle fleet was only moved to Hüttenstraße between Pionierstraße and Scheurenstraße above the fire station after 1900. A new development with houses could therefore take place on the site of the former guide park from the first decade of 1900. The "Hansa building" on property no. 93 between Harkortstrasse and Wilhelmplatz was first mentioned in 1902 as still uninhabited / unused. (Evidence: Address book for the city of Düsseldorf and the mayor's offices from 1902, p. 206.)
  5. ↑ In the city plans from 1906 to 1909, a wide area between Königsallee and Oststraße was drawn on Graf-Adolf-Straße, which was called “Arabisches Café”. This area clearly exceeded the length of a plot of land for a single building, but corresponded to the illustration of the café on picture postcards from around 1900 and the description of the plot of land in the book Düsseldorf and its buildings from 1904. From 1909 this is extensive in the city map Terrain no longer drawn in (proof of city map from 1909, p. [1485] -).
  6. ↑ As early as 1927, Phönix Grundstücksgesellschaft , which owned the building at Graf-Adolf-Strasse 44, acquired the property at Bahnstrasse 33 on the back of the building. After that, the properties at Bahnstrasse 35 to 39 were also purchased, and from 1930 the Phönix Grundstücksgesellschaft is the owner.