County of Stade
The county of Stade was a medieval county on the lower reaches of the Elbe with the main town of Stade .
Sources and expansion
Helmold von Bosau reports to 1145 that the county on both banks of the Elbe belonged to Stade Castle. It was - with interruptions - presumably from 944 to 1144 in the possession of the Udons , who were related by marriage to the Widukinde , Immedingern , Liudolfingern and Billungern . It wasn't a closed area. Adam von Bremen reported in the 11th century that the Udonen county was spread over the entire area of the Archbishopric Hamburg-Bremen.
history
The oldest known ancestor of the Counts of Stade was Count Heinrich der Kahle (d. 975/976), who, however , had his seat in Harsefeld . His son Siegfried (d. 1037) was possibly the first to have a castle in Stade.
His son Lothar Udo I was appointed Margrave of the Nordmark in 1056 , as were his descendants. In 1063 Archbishop Adalbert von Hamburg-Bremen placed the previously imperial county of Stade under his feudal sovereignty, in return for a large amount of compensation.
Since the end of the 11th century, the Udons left the administration of their county of Stade as vice count to their ministerial Friedrich . Friedrich's mother probably came from the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy and was only unfree due to a shipwreck. His father could have been Count Reinhold, a presumably noble vassal of the Udons. Therefore Count Friedrich tried from 1106 with the help of the later Emperor Heinrich V to oust the Udonen as feudal owners of the County of Stade, which he succeeded after his release by the Emperor and his own enfeoffment with the County of Stade.
It was not until 1135, after the death of Count Friedrich von Stade, that Rudolf II, an Udone from the Freckleben side line, was enfeoffed with the County of Stade. His brother Hartwig was canon in Magdeburg when he died . By distributing his inherited extensive real estate to the ore monasteries of Magdeburg and Hamburg-Bremen, he was elected provost of the cathedral and later archbishop of Bremen. He was enfeoffed in 1144 as a clergyman with the county of Stade, which should fall back to the church after his death. The blood jurisdiction in the county exercised for him from his former brother-Pfalzgraf Friedrich, who was invested with the blood spell.
Duke Heinrich the Lion , meanwhile, asserted inheritance and feudal claims to the Grafschaft Stade and took possession of it in 1145. He left the defense of Stade to his vassals several times. His sons were also able to hold the Grafschaft Stade until it was contractually agreed in 1219 that the Grafschaft Stade would revert to the Archbishopric of Hamburg-Bremen with the death of the Welf, which was the case in 1236.
Counts of Stade
- Wichmann d. Ä. (Billunger), † probably 944,? Count on the Lower Elbe
- Wichmann d. J. (Billunger), † 967,? Count on the Lower Elbe, son of Wichmann the Elder Ä.
- Heinrich I the Bald , † after 975, Count in Harsefeld and Legate, (son of Count Lothar (X 929)?)
- Heinrich II the Good , † 1016, Count in Harsefeld, founder of the Harsefeld Monastery, son of Heinrich I.
- Siegfried , 1016 - † 1037 (?) Count in Harsefeld, later possibly also in Stade, brother of Heinrich the Good
- Lothar Udo I. , † 1057 Graf von Stade, from 1056 also Margrave of the Nordmark , son of Siegfried
- Lothar Udo II , † 1082, Count of Stade and Margrave of the Nordmark, son of Lothar Udo I.
- Henry III. the Tall One, † 1087, Count of Stade and Margrave of the Nordmark, son of Udo II.
- Lothar Udo III., † 1106, Count of Stade and Margrave of the Nordmark, brother of Heinrich III.
- Rudolf I , brother of Lothar-Udo III, † 1124, 1106 - ca.1115 guardian of his nephew Heinrich IV.
- Friedrich von Stade , approx. 1095 - 1112 Ministeriale and Vice Count, either approx. 1115 by Heinrich V or 1124 by Lothar III. released, initially in fact and from 1128 to † 1135 enfeoffed Count von Stade
- Heinrich IV. , Son of Lothar-Udo III., Nominal approx. 1114 - † 1128 Graf von Stade, Margrave of the Nordmark
- Rudolf II. Von Freckleben , son of Rudolf I, 1135 - † 1144 Count von Stade
- Hartwig , brother of Rudolf II, provost of the cathedral in Bremen in 1144/45 and Count von Stade, archbishop of Bremen in 1148 , † 1168
- Duke Heinrich the Lion , Count of Stade from 1145
- Count Palatine Heinrich , son of Henry the Lion,
literature
- Richard G. Hucke: The Counts of Stade 900–1144. Genealogy, political position, comitat and allodial possession of the Saxon Udons. Diss. Kiel, Stade 1956 with comprehensive references to the sources and older literature.
- Michael Hohmann: The ore monastery of Bremen and the county of Stade in the 12th and early 13th centuries. In: Stader Jahrbuch 1969 (Stader Archive New Series 59) pp. 49–118
- Gerd Althoff : Noble and royal families in the mirror of their memorial tradition, studies on the commemoration of the dead of Billunger and Ottonen. Munich 1984, H 33, G 19, G 28, G 45, G 63, G 68, G 84, G 88, G 112, G 131, G 140, G 145, G 155, G 175,
- Klaus Frerichs, Diether Ziermann, Diethard Meyer (eds.): A place in the focal point of history - castle, monastery, chapels and monastery in Harsefeld. Stade 1989
- Winfried Glocker: The relatives of the Ottonians and their importance in politics. Diss. Munich, Cologne / Vienna 1989, p. 356 f
- Friedrich Adolf Schröder: STADE - RINKHORST - WIGMODI. Karolinger and Ottonen between Weser and Elbe. Hildesheim 1990
- Torsten Lüdecke: Findings of urban archeology for early urban development. In: Jürgen Bohmbach (Ed.): Stade. From the beginnings of the settlement to the present. Stade 1994, pp. 51-83
- Heinz-Joachim Schulze: The struggle for county and city: Stade from the end of the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Jürgen Bohmbach (Ed.) Stade. From the beginnings of the settlement to the present. Stade 1994, pp. 51-83
- Chronicon Monasterii Rosenfeldensis seu Hassefeldensis. In: Johann Vogt: Monumenta Inedita rerum germanicarum praecipue Bremensium. 1st volume, 2nd piece, Bremen 1741, pp. 106-292; Reprinted by Harsefeld in 2002 with a translation by Pastor Seebo
- Diether Ziermann, Dietrich Alsdorf, Hans Drescher: A place in transition - Harsefeld Castle, Abbey and Monastery. Stade 2002
- Dieter Riemer : Harsefeld in the Middle Ages. (Harsefelder Regesten), in: Geschichte und Gegenwart 2005, pp. 38–55
- Hartmut Rüß: Eupraxia-Adelheid, A Biographical Approach. In: Yearbooks for the history of Eastern Europe, New Series Vol. 54 (2006) pp. 481-518