Big bark tensioner

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Big bark tensioner
Great bark tensioner (Hypomecis roboraria)

Great bark tensioner ( Hypomecis roboraria )

Systematics
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Ennominae
Tribe : Boarmiini
Genre : Hypomecis
Type : Big bark tensioner
Scientific name
Hypomecis roboraria
( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
Great Moth caterpillar

The Big Beef tensioner or Large oak tensioner ( Hypomecis roboraria ) is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of the tensioner (Geometridae).

features

The large cortex has a wingspan of 40 to 57 millimeters. The front wings have a gray-white basic color and are finely dusted black. The transverse lines and middle shadows on the forewings are often only marked by black veins and dots. The inner transverse line is strongly curved and ends at the inner edge almost at the base. The middle shadow is thickened on the inner wing edge and the strongly jagged outer transverse line is more or less brown at the edge. The indistinct wavy line runs in a rounded or flat arc and continues, together with the outer transverse line, on the hind wings. The hind wings have a distinct black center. The undersides of the wings are yellowish-gray in color, with a yellow forewing tip and a distinct black front edge spot. This feature differentiates the large cortex from the similar species Hypomecis punctinalis .

The ocher to reddish-brown caterpillars reach a length of up to 50 millimeters. They are quite sturdy and have gray back humps on segments 5 and 11, segment 6 shows a swelling on the underside. The head is brown and notched. The dormant caterpillars are difficult to spot on the branches of their forage plants because they mimic the appearance of small branches.

Subspecies

  • Hypomecis roboraria isabellaria Staudinger, 1901

Similar species

to form

  • Hypomecis roboraria f. infuscata Staudinger. Black-gray wings, reduced drawing.
  • Hypomecis roboraria f. melaina Schulze. Wings silky black, almost without markings.

Synonyms

  • Boarmia roboraria

distribution

The large cortex is widespread in Europe with the exception of the extreme south. It can be found from the Iberian Peninsula , through Western and Central Europe to the Urals . The subspecies isabellaria is found in western central Asia via Siberia and Mongolia to northern China . In the south, its distribution area extends through the northern Mediterranean, the Balkans and Asia Minor to the Caucasus . In the north it can be found up to central Fennoscandia .

Way of life

The great cortex prefers oak-rich deciduous forests in warmer locations. But you can also find it in broken forests , bird cherry-ash forests with old middle forest oaks, in pine-oak forests, in fir-beech forests, as well as on juniper heaths , orchards , fat meadows, semi-arid grassland with sloping moors and in residential areas. The food plants of the caterpillars include:

The caterpillars live mainly in the crowns of older oaks and deciduous trees . They overwinter and pupate in May in a light web just below the surface of the earth.

The moths were u. a. found on the flowers of the field thistle ( Cirsium arvense ) and the swamp thistle ( Cirsium palustre ). They like to fly to light sources.

Flight and caterpillar times

The great cortex forms a generation a year that flies from late May to early August. The caterpillars can be observed from August. They overwinter and continue their development in May the following year. Occasionally a smaller second generation is encountered in September.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ian Kimber: Guide to the moths of Great Britain and Ireland . Online: http://ukmoths.org.uk/show.php?bf=1943 (accessed December 4, 2006)
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 9 (Spanner (Geometridae) 2nd part), Nachtfalter VII. Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 2003. ISBN 3-800-13279-6
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Manfred Koch , Wolfgang Heinicke, Bernd Müller: We determine butterflies. Volume 4: Spanner. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1976, DNB 780451570 .
  4. ↑ Bernard Skinner: Color Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles , Penguin UK 1999, ISBN 0-670-87978-9
  5. ^ A b David J. Carter, Brian Hargreaves: Caterpillars and butterflies of Europe and their forage plants. Blackwell Wissenschaftsverlag 1987, ISBN 3-826-38139-4

Web links

Commons : Large Bark Tensioner  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files