Pit Brotherhood
| Brotherhood | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
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| Funding / total | 2.9 million tons of iron ore | ||
| Rare minerals | Carrollite , chalcosine , ullmannite | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Employees | 300 | ||
| Start of operation | around 1400 | ||
| End of operation | June 15, 1958 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Iron ore | ||
| Greatest depth | 1,274.8 m | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 50 ° 49 '21.5 " N , 8 ° 0' 37.7" E | ||
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| Location | Eiserfeld | ||
| local community | Wins | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Siegen-Wittgenstein | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Bergrevier Siegen I | ||
The Brüderbund mine was an iron ore mine in Siegen - Eiserfeld in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district ( Siegerland ). With a depth of 1,274.8 m, it was the third deepest mine in the Siegerland ore district and in its time one of the deepest iron ore mines in Europe.
Aisle means
The passage of the pit was approx. 700 m long and between 1 and 6 m thick. The corridors Michelsberg , Eisernspies , Friedrich Wilhelm , Brüderbund , Kohlenbach and Kreuzbach were arranged on it from north to south , plus the lying corridor and the corridor of the Gelbe Höhe as well as a few smaller corridors. The Eisernspies corridor was present in the upper levels with a thickness of 0.75 m over a length of 145 m. It skidded between the 4th and 6th level, after which it stepped more vigorously with a thickness of 4–6 m, but from the 13th level it shrank again to a depth of almost 1000 m and was completely undeveloped under the 17th level. On this level the corridor stepped strongly towards the west. The relatively small Mittel Brüderbund further north was up to 5 m thick, but not particularly large. The second main means was the Kreuzbach corridor , which was up to 5 m thick further up, but was no longer considered worth building under the 5th level. The Kreuzbach corridor was still present on the 14th level, but it was moderately powerful, very rough and interspersed.
A number of smaller funds complemented the large aisles. The lying corridor was 140 m long and 0.3–3.5 m thick. The yellow height corridor of the consolidated pit of the same name was 110 m long and 0.5–4 m thick. The smallest corridor was the morning blessing corridor with a length of 25 m and a thickness of 0.2–1 m.
history
Beginnings and upswing
The history of the mine can be traced back to around 1400. On November 3, 1849, the Hohe Kohlenbach mine, which was first mentioned in 1694 and re-awarded in 1826, and the small mine Fuchs consolidated to form the consolidated mine Brüderbund . As early as 1836, the Tief Kohlenbacher adit was built , which not only drained the Brüderbund Gruben, but later also the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine . In 1860 it was almost 2 km long and reached the corridor in 1873. In 1858 the Brüderbund tunnel was created. This meets the Adolfschacht and was blown up in the early 1970s due to the risk of collapse. It was 75 m below the upper gallery. In 1863 the Mittlere Brüderbunder tunnel was created. Five years later the consolidation took place with the field “ Gelb Höhe” , which lay on the ridge to the Pfannenberg . Until the consolidation with the Kreuzbacher Gänge in the Salchendorfer area in 1883, almost the entire area between Eisernhardter Tiefbau and Pfannenberger Einigkeit belonged to the mine. In 1875 all four tunnels were connected with dies. While in 1881 just under 16,000 t were mined, this number sank in 1885 to 4813 t of iron and 51 t of copper ore. This meant that the pit no longer appeared in statistics. On the other hand, the Vereinigte Kohlenbach mine located in the road bend produced 17,942 t of iron ore this year. Its dismantling had already reached the fifth level and was less successful in the following years.
Civil engineering and acquisitions
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In 1889, the brothers' union decided to build a civil engineering plant in the Kohlenbacher Feld. The Kohlenbacher Schacht reached a depth of 341 m, on which three levels were distributed. The deeper exposure of the funds brought the mine the hoped-for upswing. As a result, the daytime facilities in the Kohlenbacher Tal were extensively expanded. A cable car up to the Kohlenbach train station connected the pit with the Eisern-Siegen railway . By 1895 the production increased eightfold. This year 175 miners were employed. In 1898 the United Kohlenbach and Eisernspies pits were connected. The Eisernspies was muted in 1835 and shut down in 1897. In 1899, the Niederscheldener Charlottenhütte took over the majority of the Kuxen in the Brüderbund mine . The whole takeover took place in 1906. In that year the remedy Eisernspies was found on the fourth level, which caused a renewed and rapid increase in production. During this time, the blind shaft was sunk as an extension of the Kohlenbacher shaft to a depth of 110 m, which it reached in 1910. As early as 1908 a new civil engineering plant was started in the Kreuzbach funds. The Adolfschacht was on the Pfannenberg between the cupboard and the mountain peak. It had a diameter of 4.2 m and 13 levels at a depth of 868.7 m. It was put into operation in 1910, and was extracted from the Brüderstollen , which was excavated in 1858 . A gasoline locomotive was used on the fifth level. At the same time, a connection to the Pfannenberger Unity mine was created on the fourth level . In the years that followed, the digestion results in the Kohlenbach field deteriorated permanently. Instead , the remedy Eisernspies came to the fore. In 1922 the Adolfschacht reached the 8th or 590 m level. Despite the deterioration in the course, the shaft was sunk up to the 10th level and with this 710 m depth reached under the Tiefen Kohlenbacher tunnel .
Developments under Eisernhardter civil engineering and decommissioning
The mine was taken over by the United Steelworks in 1926, on the sixth level a stretch to Eisernhardter Tiefbau was cut . From 1929 the Eiserner Spies blind shaft was sunk on this level , it reached the 10th level in 1932 and had a total depth of 628 m and reached the total depth of 1274.8 m from the 16th to the 17th level through a machine die. From the takeover, the Eisernhardter Tiefbau mine represented the central facilities for the Brüderbund and Ameise . Despite the crisis, there were no lengthy downtimes at the Brüderbund . From 1953 the mines belonged to Erzbergbau Siegerland AG. After the Eisenzecher processing had burned down in 1953, they converted the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine into a central processing facility. From June 1957 the ores of the Brethren were also processed there.
At times, up to 300 staff members were employed in the mine. Despite all the rationalization and cost-saving measures, the operations department of the Brüderbund had to be shut down on June 15, 1958. The total production of the mine is 2.9 million tons of iron ore. On March 18, 1963 the headframe of the Adolfschacht was demolished.
Attached pits
The connected pits were:
- Adler (near Schränke, Pfannenberg ), in operation between 1907 and 1909, mining nickel.
- Brüderbund II / Brüderbund III in Salchendorf, awarded before 1882.
- Eiserfelder Spies , closed in 1884. Civil engineering from 1860, the day shaft led to 198.4 m (in 5 levels); the blind shaft to a depth of 694.28 m (in 11 levels).
- Eisernspies , in operation April 21, 1835–1897. From 1898 to the Brethren Union ; Civil engineering from 1862
- Friedrich Wilhelm , formerly nut
- Fuchs , joined the Hohe Kohlenbach in 1849 as a Brethren League
- Yellow height in Salchendorf. First mentioned in 1772, the mine was shut down in the 1860s. Mining from an upper gallery in the 1860s; Consolidation with the Brotherhood in 1868.
- Hohe Kohlenbach / Kohlenbach , first mentioned in 1694, awarded again in 1826. The deep Kohlenbach tunnel was created from 1836, it led to the old shaft of the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine . In 1860 the tunnel was 2,090 m long and ran through the Eiserfelder Spies and Brüderbund pits . Consolidated with Fuchs in 1849 to form the Brotherhood .
- Kreuzbach was divided into Hinterste , Mittelste and Vorderste Kreutzbach and was in the Salchendorfer district. The passageway was accessed through several upper tunnels , and mining also took place up to the 10th level of the Brüderbund mine and the 1045 and 1170 m level of the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine . The mine has been through the depths pan Berger tunnels and downs Kohlbacher tunnels solved . In 1885 6,822 t of spate iron stone and 31.5 t of copper ore were mined.
- Michelsberg , before 1866–1882, first to Kohlenbach , then to the Brüderbund . The deep tunnel was built between 1791 and 1822, civil engineering began in 1879.
- United Kohlenbach , belonged to the Brüderbund from 1898 . From 1871 a shaft was sunk to the fifth underground level. In 1885 17,942 t of iron ore and 229 t of copper ore were mined.
- Wilhelmshöhe in Salchendorf (also to Pfannenberger Einigkeit ) was created in the 1860s. The mine consisted of the pits Wilhelmshöhe I , II , IV in Salchendorf and Wilhelmshöhe III in Eiserfeld. An upper gallery was created. The mining first took place from Salchendorf, later through the Brüderbund tunnel . In 1885 4,499 t of spate iron stone and 2.6 t of copper ore were mined. The Wilhelmshöhe II mine was awarded for lead, zinc and copper in the 1860s.
See also
literature
- Hans Dietrich Gleichmann: The Iron Hardt - From the mining of the Siegerland. Verlag Bertelsmann Fachzeitschriften, Gütersloh 1987, ISBN 3-570-03863-8 .
- Hans Dietrich Gleichmann: Already in 1910 with the Benzollok to the shaft - "Brothers' Union" one of the main companies in the Siegerland ; in: Eiserfeld in the green wreath of the mountains. Verlag Koch, Siegen 1992, ISBN 3-928343-02-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Horst G. Koch (ed.): Eiserfeld in the green wreath of the mountains. Publishing house Gudrun Koch, Siegen 1992; P.56
- ↑ a b c d e f g T. Hundt, G. Gerlach, F. Roth, W. Schmidt: Description of the mountain areas Siegen I, Siegen II, Burbach & Müsen. Bonn 1887.
- ↑ "Deep Shafts - Forgotten Pits" (Part 1 - Siegen) by Film-Fernseh-Kommunikation Kröhnert, Neunkirchen
- ^ Journal for the mining, smelting and salt works in the Prussian state , Berlin; Edition 1895
- ^ Journal for the mining, smelting and salt works in the Prussian state , Berlin; Edition 1898
- ^ A b Hans Dietrich Gleichmann: Der Füssenberg - The great time of the Siegerland iron ore mining , Bertelsmann Fachzeitschriften-Verlag Gütersloh, 1994.
- ^ Gerhard Weyl: The iron ore mine Pfannenberger Einigkeit 1810–1962 in Salchendorf / Neunkirchen. Vorländer publishing house, Siegen 2005.
- ↑ Horst G. Koch: Queen of the iron stone pits. - Eisenzecher Zug / Reinhold-Forster-Erbstollen. Publishing house Gudrun Koch, Siegen 1986.
- ↑ Journal for the mining, smelting and salt works in the Prussian state. Berlin, issues 1861
Web links
- Gerd Bäumer: Ore mining in the Siegerland area ( Memento from November 7, 2001 in the Internet Archive )
