Carolus-Magnus Pit

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Carolus-Magnus
General information about the mine
Water tower uebp1.jpg
Industrial monument water tower of the colliery
Mining technology Civil engineering
Funding / year 762,082 (1951) t
Rare minerals Crystal or barley penton stone
Information about the mining company
Operating company Mining trade union Carolus-Magnus
Employees 3200 (1957)
Start of operation January 1, 1919
End of operation December 31, 1962
Successor use Textile machine construction, environmental technology
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Hard coal

Seam name

Grauweck, Merl, Kroath, Steinknipp, Gr.Mühlenbach, Kl.Mühlenbach1, 60cm-Flöz u. a.
Geographical location
Coordinates 50 ° 55 '32 "  N , 6 ° 6' 36"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 55 '32 "  N , 6 ° 6' 36"  E
Carolus-Magnus (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Carolus-Magnus
Location Carolus-Magnus
Location Carlstrasse 50, 52531 Übach-Palenberg
local community Übach-Palenberg
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Aachen district

The pit Carolus Magnus is a former coal - mine in Aachen area . It belonged to the three French steel manufacturers Compagnie des Forges et Aciéries de la Marine et d'Homécourt , Société Anonyme des Hauts Fourneaux et Fonderies Pont-á-Mousson and Société Anonyme des Aciéries de Micheville and mined hard coal from 1919 to 1962. Numerous preserved buildings are among the architectural monuments of the city of Übach-Palenberg .

geography

Geographical location

The Carolus-Magnus mine is located on Carlstrasse in Übach-Palenberg , Heinsberg district in western North Rhine-Westphalia. It belongs to the worm area , which is part of the Aachen area .

Neighboring mines to the Carolus-Magnus mine were the Carl Alexander mine and the Adolf mine .

geology

The pit Carolus-Magnus built seams of the carbon separator layers of the Westp A . These seams, especially the Grauweck seam , carried kennel coal. Other seams were u. a. Groß Mühlenbach, Klein Mühlenbach 1, Merl, Steinknipp, Kroath, 60cm seam.

history

founding

In 1910 three French steel companies acquired an area of ​​around 2,000 hectares from the Eschweiler Bergwerkverein (EBV) in what is now the urban area of ​​Übach-Palenberg, and in 1911 the “Carolus-Magnus” mine and union named after Charlemagne was founded . The coal field "Boscheln III" and a further series of smaller subfields were also sold. In the following year, after the individual fields had been legally overwritten, the Carolus-Magnus consolidation field was created. The Carolus-Magnus union was founded in the same year.

Preliminary work

The shafts I and II were from 1913 sunk . In 1913 there was a first mining accident with 13 deaths. In 1917, shaft II reached a depth of 407 meters and the first coal was mined.

After the sinking, a siding to the Übach-Palenberg station was laid so that the coal could be transported within the Aachen industrial area and beyond.

The company built in 1912 FA Neuman the water tower of the pit. In 1918 the workshop building and the wash house and in 1926 the two headframes were built.

Operational phase

Due to the First World War , coal mining did not start until January 1, 1919. In 1928 the administration building on Carlstrasse was completed. In 1930, shaft II reached a final depth of 699 meters. For the miners of the mine, extensive housing developments were built in the 1920s by the Stolberg-Aachen construction company Robert Grünzig GmbH .

There was an electrical connection with the neighboring Carl-Alexander mine via a 5000 V high-voltage line. In the years 1928, 1929 and 1933 three more mine accidents occurred on the mine. In 1928, 13 miners lost their lives in a water ingress on the first level. 1929 came hauling cable during the night shift from slipping when a trolley fell into the shaft, ten miners were injured. In 1933 a fracture occurred on the second sole. You could hear the noises even 100 meters below on the third level. 18 miners were buried, but none were injured.

During the Second World War, work on the mine came to a standstill. In 1944, the production was stopped, the emergency workers could not prevent large parts of the mine from drowning , as the pumps stopped due to a power failure. The coking plant was almost completely destroyed by air raids. After the war, the construction of the colliery continued. Thanks to French owners, Carolus-Magnus was one of the first German mines to resume mining.

Economic data

Hard coal mining and workforce in selected years:

year 1922 1924 1927 1930 1937 1950 1957 1961
Annual funding [t] 77.084 194,695 340.160 703.004 1.007.171 644.788 653.851 561.063
Workforce k. A. 1,182 2.224 3,320 k. A. k. A. 3,200 2,433

Shutdown

On December 31, 1962, the mine was closed. In 1967, the two winding towers of the double shaft system were demolished. After that, residual coal was extracted from the heaps and from 1968 the daytime facilities were demolished.

Reuse

In 1963, a branch of the Mönchengladbach machine manufacturer Schlafhorst , now part of the Swiss textile machine group Saurer , was built on part of the mine site . Between 1993 and 1996 the "Carolus Magnus Center for Environmental Technology and Start-up Center" (CMC) was built on the former mine site.

Architectural monuments

CMC, former administration building of the colliery

The 30 hectare dump and various buildings, some of which are protected as architectural monuments, are reminiscent of mining.

The administration building with pay hall and theater hall is well worth seeing in Palenberger Carlstraße. It has a brick facade, a monumental limestone entrance and an attic cornice .

The 49 meter high water tower on Berghalde, built in 1912, is the landmark of the mine and the city. The 500 m³ spherical container rests on a hexagonal, three-dimensional framework and supports an elaborately designed fan lantern.

In a corner of the Schlafhorst company premises there is a four-seater locomotive shed in poor condition.

The mansion-like houses of the Steiger directly opposite are also among the architectural monuments of the pit . As with almost all hard coal mines, the risers were also located near the mine so that they could be on the site as quickly as possible in the event of an emergency.

literature

  • Christiane Klosa, Karin Burmeister: The last grant . The Carolus-Magnus union in history and pictures. Ed .: Paul Gontrum, Jürgen Klosa. Self-published by Paul Gontrum, Geilenkirchen 2002, ISBN 3-00-009703-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Marlies Teichmüller: The first claystone find in the Aachen district . In: Journal of the German Geological Society . tape 104 , January 1, 1952, p. 152–197 ( abstract [accessed August 10, 2013]).
  2. ↑ Ewald Schwarz: Investigations of the radioactivity of the sediments of the hard coal mountains in the Aachen area . 1964–1965 (=  research reports of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia . No. 1458 ). Springer, New York 1965, ISBN 978-3-322-98396-1 , pp. 83–84 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-322-99144-7 ( summary [PDF; accessed on August 10, 2013] dissertation, Faculty of Mining and Metallurgy at RWTH Aachen University).
  3. ↑ a b Simeon Angelov: Übach-Palenberg pit Carolus-Magnus. In: Object Guide / Übach-Palenberg / Carbon Route. Rhenish industrial culture, 2006, accessed on August 10, 2013 (seminar paper at the Department of Monument Preservation at RWTH Aachen University).
  4. ↑ Kurt Fassbinder: Mining (2). Coal production and mining. (No longer available online.) City of Baesweiler, archived from the original on February 23, 2014 ; Retrieved on August 10, 2013 (History of the Carl-Alexander Mine). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.baesweiler.de
  5. ^ Christiane Klosa, Karin Burmeister: The last funding . The Carolus-Magnus union in history and pictures. Ed .: Paul Gontrum, Jürgen Klosa. Self-published by Paul Gontrum, Geilenkirchen 2002, ISBN 3-00-009703-1 , p. 147-156 .
  6. ↑ rh: New name seals takeover. Oerlikon becomes Saurer Schlafhorst. In: Aachener Zeitung . July 4, 2013, accessed August 10, 2013 .
  7. ↑ Andreas Reichelt, Beate Sitte: Recording and radiological evaluation of legacies with NORM materials from previous activities and work, including the model analysis of residues typical of the industry. (PDF, 2.34 MB) Part 3a Mining legacies from hard coal extraction. Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), 2007, p. 101 , accessed on August 10, 2013 .

Web links

Commons : Grube Carolus-Magnus  - Collection of images, videos and audio files