Gschlachtenbretzingen

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Gschlachtenbretzingen
Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ′ 18 ″  N , 9 ° 45 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : approx. 380  (290-510)  m
Residents : 960  (1979)

Gschlachtenbretzingen is a district of Michelbach an der Bilz in the Schwäbisch Hall district in northern Baden-Württemberg .

geography

Gschlachtenbretzingen is located a good half way south-southeast of the Schwäbisch Hall city ​​center in the direction of Michelbach, three kilometers from the city center and two kilometers from the center of Michelbach. The village occupies the center of a small plateau to the right and east of the Kocher , which is bordered in the north by the larger valley of the Waschbach tributary through the Hall district of Steinbach and in the southeast by the mostly flat basin of the Remsbach .

The old urban center of the village is the main road in the southwest, to the east and northeast, the new residential areas close Bildwiesen- and milk-based settlement and behind this Commercial building site, which extends along the Hohenlohe Railway north to close to the Schwäbisch Hall district Hessental extend . In the surroundings and even in today's residential area of ​​the village, plaster of paris used to be extracted in pits , some of which are still evidence of depressions.

The Gschlachtenbretzingen district ends in the east at the foot of the Einkorn , in the further course on the southwestern edge of its high plateau, in the south its border follows the Remsbach and the Kocher, in the west it adheres to the upper Kochertal edge, in the north it maintains a noticeable distance from the Waschbachtal edge .

history

Gschlachtenbretzingen is on the ascent to the coal road , which was already used by the Celts , a road that is particularly important for salt transport, heading south-west on the wooded plateau of the western Limpurger Mountains . In old documents mostly only Bretzingen is mentioned . The original settlement was probably today's Michelbacher district Burgbretzingen , where in the high Middle Ages there was a castle to control the ascent to Einkorn . After this had disappeared in the Middle Ages, the castle stable was called Altenhofen , the two settlements in the lowland Obernbretzingen (today Gschlachtenbretzingen) Niedernbretzingen (today Rauhenbretzingen ).

Within the old town center of Gschlachtenbretzingen itself, three settlement centers can be identified: the upper hamlet around the former Schulzenhof, the middle hamlet and the lower village . The upper hamlet was once a closed and fortified complex that served as a guard and customs post. The lower village is a group of former farms that were once farmed by Vellberg feudal farmers.

The place essentially shares the history of Michelbach and was divided into a Comburg and a Limpurgian half until the early 19th century , which from the 16th century was also expressed in the different denominations of the subjects, since the Limpurg taverns participated in the Reformation, while the Comburg monastery remained Catholic. As part of the reorganization of southwest Germany after the Napoleonic wars, the two parts came together to Württemberg until 1806 , where Gschlachtenbretzingen formed a sub-municipality of the Michelbach office with its own administration and accounting until 1931 within the Oberamt Gaildorf . The sub-communities were abolished in 1931.

The expansion of the town to include the two new housing estates and the industrial area was essentially only created after the Second World War. Both many new residents and some of the tradespeople who settled in Gschlachtenbretzingen were war refugees or displaced persons. The settlement on Bildwiesenweg was completed by 1976, the Milchgrundsiedlung was built from 1972.

Population development

Population of Gschlachtenbretzingen with Burgbretzingen:

  • 1895: 197
  • 1939: 206
  • 1950: 383
  • 1961: 587
  • 1970: 790
  • 1979: 960

traffic

Until the construction of the Kocherbahn , the route from Heilbronn to Crailsheim , in the 1860s, the place was important for traffic, as traffic coming from the south to Schwäbisch Hall passed through the place, while today the railway line and the L 1055 circumnavigate the place in the east. The town passage was laid out in its present form in 1972.

Business

Gschlachtenbretzingen was predominantly agricultural until the first half of the 20th century. Important old occupations were ox breeding and viticulture. The most important commercial enterprise before the Second World War was the gypsum factory Mack in Burgbretzingen, founded in 1886, which was then part of Gschlachtenbretzingen.

With the designation of the industrial area in the Gschlachtenbretzingen district, further larger companies settled down after the Second World War. In 1956, the dyeing machine factory Then, which was located in Chemnitz before the war and then in Hessental, came to Gschlachtenbretzingen and offered up to 250 jobs. Its founder Rudolf Then (1889–1982) was made an honorary citizen of Michelbach an der Bilz in 1964. Other larger companies based in Gschlachtenbretzingen were Platten-Stoll (founded in 1950), the interior decoration company of Josef Hirsch (founded in 1962) and the special machine factory Pfizenmaier und Sünder GmbH (founded in 1965).

literature

  • Michelbach an der Bilz, Contributions to the past and present , Michelbach an der Bilz 1980