Gunt
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Gunt Гунт, Alitschur |
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 Hydrological catchment areas in Eastern Tajikistan |
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| Data | ||
| location | Mountain Badakhshan ( Tajikistan ) | |
| River system | Amu Darya | |
| Drain over | Pandsch → Amu Darya → Aral Sea (temporarily) | |
| source |
Southern Alitschurkette 37 ° 34 ′ 47 ″ N , 73 ° 26 ′ 20 ″ E |
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| muzzle | below Chorugh in the Pandsch Coordinates: 37 ° 29 ′ 23 " N , 71 ° 31 ′ 11" E 37 ° 29 ′ 23 " N , 71 ° 31 ′ 11" E |
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| Mouth height |
2062 m
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| length | 296 km | |
| Catchment area | 13,700 km² | |
| Drain at Chorugh gauge |
MQ (1940-2013) |
105 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Toguzbulok , Schachdara | |
| Right tributaries | Patchur | |
| Flowing lakes | Yashilkul | |
| Medium-sized cities | Chorugh | |
 Gunt in Chorugh |
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The Gunt ( Russian Гунт ) is a right tributary of the Panj in the region Gorno-Badakhshan in Tajikistan . The mean elevation of the catchment area is 4261 m. The highest mountain is the Karl Marx peak at 6723 m .
River course
The Gunt rises on the northern flank of the southern Alitschurkette in the eastern part of the Pamir . Its water flows westward for practically the entire stretch of the river. Until it flows into the natural reservoir Jaschilkul , its course of the river meanders on the flat high plateau between the northern and southern Alitschurkette. There he bears the name Alitschur. After flowing through the Jashilkul, the river changes its flow behavior and bears the name Gunt up to the mouth. It leaves the high plateau when it emerges from the Jaschilkul and flows through an increasingly cut valley. In the further course of the river, steep, turbulent sections of the river alternate with flat sections, in which the Gunt branches out widely. The water morphology of the Gunt is still largely undeveloped.
The M41, the so-called Pamir Highway , leads from the Koj-Tezek Pass ( 4271 m ) down through the Toguzbulok river valley to the Gunt. From here the trunk road runs along the Gunt to its mouth. Shortly before Chorugh , the Gunt still absorbs the water of the Shachdara River at an altitude of 2069 m and flows into the Pandsch after flowing through the city. The border with Afghanistan is on the other, western bank of the Pandsch, opposite the confluence of the Gunt . The Gunt has a length of 296 km and drains an area of 13,700 km².
Hydrology
The flow regime of the Gunt is nival to glacial, with a pronounced flow maximum in the summer months and low water in the winter months. Precipitation falls almost exclusively as snow in the winter months. In 2011 the glacier area in the catchment area was approx. 607 km² (4.5%). As a result of climate change, a pronounced glacier retreat is taking place. Since 1998, an average of 7.4 km² (1.1%) of the glacier area has been lost each year. This corresponds to 96 km² of glacier area in the years 1998 to 2011. It is assumed that 10% of the annual runoff comes from the permanent loss of glacier ice. The runoff trend is therefore positive.
Hydropower plants
The Pamir 1 hydropower plant ( ⊙ ) 10 km northeast of Chorugh is the most important power plant in the region with an output of 28 MW. The water is taken 3.5 km upstream at a weir from the river and fed underground to the power plant. There is a sedimentation basin next to the weir. In the early 2000s, a drainage control structure was built on Jaschilkul. This holds back water in the lake in the summer months with high levels of drainage, which then increases the Gunt's drainage by up to 10 m³ / s in the winter months with little drainage. This enabled better utilization of the downstream hydropower plant and, together with its modernization, led to an increase in its annual output of 40 percent.
Another hydropower plant with a capacity of 8 MW is located at Chorugh opposite the confluence of the Shachdara.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Article Gunt in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b c d Malte Knoche, Ralf Merz, Martin Lindner, Stephan M. Weise: Bridging Glaciological and Hydrological Trends in the Pamir Mountains, Central Asia . In: Water . tape 9 , no. 6 , June 13, 2017, p. 422 , doi : 10.3390 / w9060422 ( mdpi.com [accessed June 18, 2017]).
- ↑ a b Hauser, M. The UNESCO Map of the Pamirs and its implications of ecotourism in Tajikistan. Avaliable online: http://www.mountaincartography.org/publications/papers/papers_nuria_04/hauser.pdf (accessed on 18 June 2017).
- ^ A b Pamir Energy Development
- ↑ Aga Khan Development Network (PDF 1.8 MB) ( Memento of the original dated February 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
