Gusić
| Gusić | |
|---|---|
| Country | Croatia |
| Parent company | Gusić |
| title |
Gespan , Freiherr , Knez , Ban (viceroy) |
| founder | Pavao Gusić (?), Early 12th century |
| Current chief |
unknown |
| founding | 11th century |
| Ethnicity | Croatian |
Gusić (in some sources Gušić ; German Gussitsch ) is the name of an ancient Croatian tribe that originally came from the Lika region and whose chiefs later became feudal nobles. Some members of the Gusić family played an important role in Croatian history ; they were appointed to high military and state functions and were z. B. Gespane , Bane (viceroys) of Croatia and famous generals.
historical overview
In the Middle Ages, the Gusić tribe populated the large areas of the Croatian historical region of Lika, including the eastern part of Krbava (Corbavia) . In the historical sources from the 12th century, Knez (Prince) Pavao Gusić is mentioned as one of the twelve representatives of the privileged Croatian tribes at the agreement and conclusion of the Pacta conventa , which regulated the relations of the Croatian nobility with the Hungarian King Koloman in 1102 the latter was also the ruler of Croatia from 1102. The representatives of the twelve tribes had the preferential right to elect the Croatian king.
In his "Diplomatic Almanac of the Kingdom of Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia", the Croatian historian Tadija Smičiklas emphasized that the Gusićs had had a goose with a neck pierced by an arrow as a heraldic symbol in their coat of arms since 1287 (Gusić: from Croatian Guska : goose ). At that time, the members of the dynasty were the wealthiest and most influential nobles in the Krbavska župa (Krbava County) and served as charity . Its seat was in Udbina .
A little later they acquired new properties in the extensive area of the Lika region and Bukovica in northern Dalmatia, including Obrovac , from the Zvonigrad fortress in the upper section of the Zrmanja river (near the town of Knin ) in the east to Bag (today's Karlobag ) on the Adriatic coast in the West.
Towards the end of the 13th and beginning of the 14th centuries, Prince Kurjak Gusić was the main character of the strongest branch of the family. His descendants have since carried the family name Kurjaković , Prince of Krbava. Some of them were Croatian bane, namely:
- Budislav (Butko) Kurjaković, Kurjak's grandson († February 15, 1401), Ban 1394
- Pavao Kurjaković and Ivan Kurjaković, Kurjak's great-grandsons, Bane 1410–1411
- Ivan Karlović / Latin .: Johannes Torquatus / (* 1478/79; † 1531), son of Karlo Kurjaković and Doroteja born. Frankopan , last male descendant of the Kurjaković branch, Ban 1521–1524 and 1527–1531
At the time of the greatest Ottoman expansion to the west (15th and 16th centuries), the princes of Krbava withdrew more and more to northwestern Croatia, where life was a little safer. In the Gacko polje ( Gacka karst field ) they built a fortress, Gusić-grad, which was conquered and destroyed by the Ottomans in 1575. The same thing happened to another fortress, Brlog . Some members of the family went to Senj on the Adriatic coast, where they do military services, as they did later in Ogulin and other unconquered places in then mostly occupied Croatia. A branch of the Gusićs even moved to Carniola (present-day Slovenia ).
At the beginning of the 18th century (21 April 1701), they were greeted by Emperor and King Leopold in the baron charged and given a corresponding new coat of arms.
The descendants of the noble Gusić family still live throughout Croatia and in the area around Novo mesto in Slovenia .