Cave long-tongue bat
| Cave long-tongue bat | ||||||||||||
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Small long-tongue bat ( Eonycteris spelaea ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Eonycteris | ||||||||||||
| Dobson , 1873 |
Cave long-tongue fruit bat ( Eonycteris ) are a genus of fruit bats with three species that occur in Southeast Asia and the Australis region .
features
With a head-torso length of 85 to 125 mm, a tail length of 12 to 33 mm and a forearm length of 60 to 85 mm, the species belong to the small to medium-sized flying foxes. In the small long-tongue bat ( Eonycteris spelaea ), males weighing 55 to 82 g are heavier than females who weigh 35 to 78 g. Presumably similar values occur in the other species. The fur has a dark brown to chocolate brown color on the top, while the underside is usually lighter. In males, there are dark tufts of hair on the shoulders. In contrast, these areas are only sparsely hairy in females.
Like other long-tongue bat , the species have a long tongue with a brush-like tip to absorb nectar and pollen . In contrast to most other long-tongue flying dogs (with the exception of Notopteris ), the tail is not rudimentary , even if it does not reach a noticeable length. It is characterized by the lack of a claw on the second toes of the feet.
The species have kidney-shaped glands on both sides of the anus .
Types and distribution
The following species belong to the genus.
- Eonycteris major is endemic to Borneos .
- Philippines long-tongue bat ( Eonycteris robusta ), lives on various Philippine islands.
- Small long-tongue bat ( Eonycteris spelaea ), is distributed from India and southern China to the Southeast Asian islands and the Moluccas .
Way of life
These flying foxes can adapt to different habitats in their range. They were registered in forests as well as in cultural landscapes , among other places . As the German name of the genus suggests, the species mainly rest in caves and occasionally in hollowed-out trees. Depending on the type, population and size of the cave, smaller groups of around twelve specimens or large colonies form at the resting place . The latter can consist of a few hundred or several thousand individuals. Within a colony, it is often possible to distinguish between smaller groups, separated by sex, which hold closer together.
There are no fixed mating times for cave long-tongue bat. Usually half of all females in a colony are pregnant or suckling offspring at some point . Generally, a young (rarely twins) is born after about 200 days of gestation. The young suckles on one of the teats and stays there for 4 to 6 weeks. Then it begins with the first flight attempts. The young will occasionally receive mother's milk until they are three months old. The sexual maturity occurs after one year, although males often mate before the end of the second year.
Reference literature
- Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World. Volume 1. 6th edition. 1999, pp. 298-300, ISBN 0-8018-5789-9 . Dawn Bats
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Wilson & Reeder (eds.): Mammal Species of the World . 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 (English, Eonycteris ).
- ↑ Eonycteris in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. Retrieved October 6, 2016.
