Hook bends
The hook bend was a narrow, almost circular curvature or loop of the black water in the Saxon Ore Mountains between Aue (Saxony) and Lauter . The crook of the hook was a popular destination well into the 1920s, as it was valued as a natural wonder and because of the romantic landscape. It was somewhat similar to the curvature of the Moselle near Bullay in Rhineland-Palatinate .
Origin of name and use
The Niederpfannenstiel was named after the crook of the hook . The name of this district is related to an elongated mountain ridge and the crook of the hook, which actually reminded of a pan handle.
history
From 1858 the Schwarzenberg – Zwickau railway cut through the hook bends, which led here over two bridges over the Schwarzwasser. The two bridges on the curved track are under monument protection. On one side of the crook of the hook rises a rocky slope that has long served as a quarry.
In 1921, the municipal open-air swimming pool in Aue was built in the Hakenkrümme. Due to its idyllic location and modern facilities, it was considered one of the most beautiful baths in Saxony and existed immediately until 1945. After that, it had to give way to uranium mining by Wismut AG .
The romantic charm of the hooked crooks was gradually lost from 1922 onwards with the construction of the electricity works that supplied the city of Aue with electricity. The power plant was followed in 1924–1925 by a hydropower plant in the Hakenkrümme, on the construction site of which 350 workers were then employed. The construction costs amounted to approx. 1,050,000 Reichsmarks . In this context, the crook of the hook was cut off by an 800 m long tunnel from which the water exited into the power plant and two Francis spiral twin turbines with a 15.7 m gradient and 5.5 seconds per cubic meter of processing water volume each 831 PS together Generated 1,662 hp. The hydroelectric power station at Hakenkrümme 1 is a listed building in the 21st century. It is a turbine hall with partly original technical equipment, including two turbine sets with generators and control room, still piped water supply lines, water lock with overflow, water tunnel and culvert , associated weir with inlet structure and subsequent water tunnel with water lock in the municipality of Lauter-Bernsbach .
Mining in the area of the hook bends was already practiced before the Thirty Years War. Well-known mining facilities in the 17th century included the Drei Brüder and St. Georg pits .
After the Second World War , Wismut AG resumed mining between 1949 and 1953 in search of uranium ore in the crook of the hook. The shafts 299 , 305 and 316, as well as 12 deep test pits were geteuft and four Stolln ascended . This led to a major change in the landscape. The river bed of the black water was relocated. In its place, a landfill was created for the tailings of uranium ore processing. The treatment was in the now as bismuth object 100 designated Nickel Aue . In 1957 the processing operation was stopped. By then around one million tons of tailings had been stored in the landfill. Until the early 1980s, the area then served as a landfill, and the city administration had also created three basins in the south-western area to store faeces. From around 1985, the landfill was covered with rubble, and concrete slabs were also put on it because, for example, the Aue nickel smelter needed an open-air storage facility here.
After the fall of the Wall , the black water retained its somewhat relocated river bed, and the nickel smelter dissolved its camp. The successor to Wismut, Wismut GmbH, explored the subsoil at the crook of the hook in the 2010s in order to rule out the possibility of dangerous cavities. Furthermore, after the problems with the flood in 2003, measures to improve flood protection were carried out at this point. The natural design with flooding areas, a fish ladder and the construction of a protective wall made of field stones received the Saxon State Prize for Building Culture in 2011.
In the meantime there is a planning concept , how the approximately six hectare large area can be rehabilitated, above all from contaminated sites. The groundbreaking ceremony for the renovation by Wismut took place on October 16, 2019.
A road running parallel to the Schwarzwasser in large parts to the north (eastward continuation of Clara-Zetkin-Strasse ) was named An der Hakenkrümme .
literature
- Erhard Weber: The state-owned industrial group in Saxony, its organization and profitability. 1928, p. 31.
- Siegfried Sieber : Studies on the industrial history of the Erzgebirge. 1967, p. 95.
Individual evidence
- ^ Mineralienatlas, Hakenkrümme , accessed on February 18, 2017.
- ↑ cf. also http://www.mdr.de/kultur/1493696- Background-1478491.html ( Memento from January 17, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Aue: Wismut explores hook crooks on www.freipresse.de from July 4, 2013 (full article is chargeable), accessed on February 18, 2017.
- ↑ Homepage of the Phoenix-Bau company, Aue ( Memento of the original from February 19, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 18, 2017.
- ↑ Planning concept IAA hook crooks at www.wismut.de; accessed on February 18, 2017.
- ↑ Wismut starts a new major project in Aue , Freie Presse v. 15th October 2019
- ↑ Straße An der Hakenkrümme on the Aue map .
Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 51.9 ″ N , 12 ° 43 ′ 31.1 ″ E