Hasan Tahsin

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"Hasan Tahsin" (Osman Nevres)

Hasan Tahsin Bey (* 1888 in Selânik , Ottoman Empire as Osman Nevres , † May 15, 1919 in Izmir ) was a Turkish journalist . He is said to have fired the first shot ( ilk kurşun ) against the Greek occupying powers on May 15, 1919 in the Turkish War of Liberation . Since then he has been considered a national hero in Turkey .

Life

Hasan Tahsin was born Osman Nevres in 1888 in what is now the Greek city of Selanik , which was then part of the Ottoman Empire . He came from a once Jewish Dönme family who adhered to Sabbatianism . After finishing school in Selanik, he lived in Istanbul before studying political science at the University of Paris in the Sorbonne from 1910 . After completing his studies, he returned to Istanbul.

Tahsin was a member of the secret organization Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa of the Committee for Unity and Progress in the Ottoman Empire. During the First World War he was assigned to kill the British Minister for Agriculture and Fisheries Noel Edward Buxton and his brother Charles Roden Buxton on October 15, 1914 in the Romanian capital Bucharest ; the assassination failed, however. Tahsin was then exiled for five years . In addition, a Romanian court sentenced him to 20 years of forced labor.

Upon his return to Istanbul, he traveled for the purpose of treatment of his tuberculosis in Switzerland . In order to remain anonymous , he changed his name from Osman Nevres to Hasan Tahsin . He returned to Izmir in 1918. There he founded the political newspaper Hukuk-u Beşer ( Eng . 'Human Rights') together with another journalist on November 11, 1918 , which was discontinued on May 15, 1919 as a result of his death. In 2011 all published editions of the newspaper were translated from Ottoman into Turkish .

The first shot ( ilk kurşun )

Greek soldiers occupy Izmir on May 15, 1919

On May 15, 1919 - as part of the Moudros armistice and the Megali Idea - Greek troops landed in Izmir and occupied the city until it was retaken on September 9, 1922 by troops of the Kuvayı Milliye . This operation culminated in the Turkish Liberation War .

In response to the impending war , an association called Redd-i İlhak Cemiyeti (German Society for the Rejection of Annexation ) came together on the night of May 14th, 1919 . That night, thousands of people gathered around an old cemetery. Hasan Tahsin also called for resistance in his newspaper Hukuk-u Beşer that day . He also gave a speech in which he criticized, among other things, the Paris Peace Conference .

Hasan Tahsin went to Konak Square on the morning of May 15, 1919 at 7:30 am , where the Izmir clock tower is located; at this point the coast was already surrounded by thousands of Greek soldiers. At 8:55 a.m. , the first enemy ship landed in Izmir. Its crew then applauded all the following ships. It was heard that Tahsin shouted in a loud voice “olamaz, böyle ellerini sallaya sallaya giremezler” (German: “no, they are not allowed to march in here unmolested”). He is said to have grabbed his revolver and opened fire. During the exchange of fire, he is said to have fatally hit two Greek soldiers. According to another version, he is said to have only killed a soldier who carried the troop flag . Shortly afterwards he was killed.

Afterlife

The memorial shows Tahsin firing the first shot out of the crowd

On Konak Square in Izmir there is a memorial in his honor in the immediate vicinity of the clock tower .

References

literature

  • Günver Güneş: Izmir'in Işgali ve Aydın'daki Yankıları. In: Askerî Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi. Volume 5, No. 9, 2007, pp. 23-55.

Web links

Commons : Hasan Tahsin  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hasan Tahsin. (No longer available online.) Izmir Gazeteciler Cemiyeti, archived from the original on January 6, 2014 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.igc.org.tr
  2. ↑ Arda Sualp - M. Ali Eren: Cumhuriyet hanedanları. (No longer available online.) In: Aksiyon . November 25, 1995, archived from the original on May 18, 2015 ; Retrieved January 13, 2015 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Issue 51 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aksiyon.com.tr
  3. ↑ a b Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa üyesi Hasan Tahsin. Hürriyet, May 17, 2009, accessed August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
  4. ↑ Ezra Demiröz: Hasan Tahsin. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 20, 2008 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.circassiancanada.com
  5. ↑ Aydın Sevinç: Hasan Tahsin. Milliyet, January 16, 2008, accessed August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
  6. ↑ Oktay Gökdemir: İlk kurşunu kim sıktı? Hasan Tahsin nasıl şehit edildi? (No longer available online.) Smyrna Basın Yayın Gazetecilik, May 13, 2013, archived from the original on September 9, 2013 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.egedesonsoz.com
  7. ↑ Talat Ulusoy: Ermenilerin yok edilmesi ve bir tanık. April 20, 2012, Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
  8. ↑ Hasan Tahsin'in Gazetesi 'Hukuk-u Beşer' Kitaplaştı. (No longer available online.) October 14, 2011, archived from the original on December 27, 2015 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.izmirdesanat.org
  9. ↑ Bülent Çukurova: 15 Mayıs 1919 İzmir'de Yunan Mezalimi. (No longer available online.) Ataturk Araştırma Merkez, archived from the original on August 31, 2013 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / atam.gov.tr
  10. ↑ M. Vehbi Tanfer: 9 Eylül 1922–24 Temmuz 1923 Tarihleri ​​Arasında Türkiye'nin Uluslararası Alanda Hukuksal Yönden Kabulü ve İzlenen Dış Politikanın Genel Özellikleri. (No longer available online.) Ataturk Araştırma Merkez, archived from the original on August 19, 2013 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / atam.gov.tr
  11. ↑ 9 Eylül 1922: İzmir'in Kurtuluşu. (No longer available online.) Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, archived from the original on September 11, 2013 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tsk.tr
  12. ↑ Kurtuluş Savaşı Yıllarında Kurulan Yararlı ve Zararlı Dernekler. Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
  13. ↑ Büyük kahraman Hasan Tahsin. Milliyet, May 14, 2011, accessed August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
  14. ↑ Güneş: İzmir'in Işgali ve Aydın'daki Yankıları. 2007, p. 26.
  15. ↑ Toha Okan: Cumhuriyet İzmir'de kuruldu. (No longer available online.) Ege Postası, February 18, 2013, archived from the original on February 23, 2013 ; Retrieved August 5, 2013 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.egepostasi.com
  16. ↑ Gazeteci Hasan Tahsin, Yunanlılara ilk kurşunu atmadan önce. Milliyet, 2003, accessed August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
  17. ↑ Gazeteci Hasan Tahsin, küllerinden yeniden doğdu. Milliyet, July 29, 2012, accessed August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
  18. ↑ Hasan Tahsin, İzmir'de Gururla Anıldı. İlk Kurşun Gazetesi, May 15, 2013, accessed August 5, 2013 (Turkish).
personal data
SURNAME Hasan Tahsin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Osman Nevres
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Turkish journalist and national hero
DATE OF BIRTH 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Selanik , Ottoman Empire
DATE OF DEATH May 15, 1919
Place of death Izmir , Turkey