Hausfreden Castle

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Hausfreden Castle
Wooded castle hill, on the right the Leinetal

Wooded castle hill, on the right the Leinetal

Creation time : around 1350
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: small remains of the wall
Standing position : Nobles
Place: Freden
Geographical location 51 ° 54 '59.3 "  N , 9 ° 55' 5.3"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 54 '59.3 "  N , 9 ° 55' 5.3"  E
Height: 180  m above sea level NN
Hausfreden Castle (Lower Saxony)
Hausfreden Castle

The Castle House Freden was a mid-14th century built Spur castle directly on the canvas near Freden in Lower Saxony . From 1400, the lords of the castle operated as robber barons . As a result, a force of allied territorial lords destroyed the castle in 1402 after only around 50 years of its existence.

Geographical location

The castle complex is about 1.5 kilometers southeast of Freden. It is located on a steep, now wooded mountain spur that rises directly above the Leine. The Leinetal as an important north-south connection route could be monitored from the elevated position. As a result, the castle was of great strategic importance in the Middle Ages .

description

Overgrown wall remnants of the curtain wall (2007)

The castle was built on a small mountain plateau. The circular wall enclosed a rectangular area measuring 65 × 30 meters. The floor plan is still clearly visible today, as remains of the wall protrude from the ground or form a wall-shaped elevation. Two depressions in the Burgplatz indicate the earlier existence of a round and a square tower, it could also have been cisterns . The castle plateau was protected by a moat that is still huge today. A carved into the stone surface, deep section digging secured the castle plateau to the adjoining ridge.

In 1962 the castle grounds were archaeologically examined during a limited excavation . She unearthed ceramic remains and individual iron parts, such as a ring and an iron spur. The finds corresponded to the age of the complex from the 14th century, known from tradition.

history

Layout
Remnants of the ring wall (2007)

The builders of the castle were the Lords of Freden. They managed a domain a few hundred meters southeast of the castle site, which still exists today. 1344 they were the bishop of Hildesheim with the place Freden invested and received permission to build a fortification. In 1382 the builders sold half of the Hausfreden Castle, which was then built, to the Welfs . They left the facility to the gentlemen von Wettberg as a pledge. Her successors from 1400 were the Lords of Reden , who operated as robber barons from the castle . The Hildesheim bishop, several Guelph dukes, individual cities and other nobles then formed an alliance. The aim was to expel the gentlemen from speeches. In May 1402, the allies lay in front of the castle with 2,000 men and shot them ready for attack with a large-caliber cannon in a week-long siege. In the case of a gunfire , the defenders are said to have made a sortie and to have escaped. After the capture, the castle was razed and not rebuilt. In the following centuries, the structural remains of the surrounding population served as a quarry, which explains the few stone remains that exist today.

Fortifications nearby

literature

  • Hans-Wilhelm Heine : Hausfreden castle ruins . In: Guide to Prehistoric and Protohistoric Monuments . Volume 49, Part II Excursions. Mainz 1981.
  • Margret Zimmermann, Hans Kensche: Castles and palaces in Hildesheimer Land . Hildesheim, 2001, pp. 43-44

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ During the siege, the provost of the Alexander monastery in Einbeck and former abbot of Corvey , Ernst von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen , is said to have been killed. Ferdinand Spehr:  Ernst the Elder, Duke of Braunschweig-Grubenhagen . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 257 f.