Skin heads
| Skin heads | ||||||||||||
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Dermocybe sp. |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Cortinarius subg. Dermocybe | ||||||||||||
| ( Fr. ) trough |
The skin heads ( dermocybe ) represent a subgenus of the genus Schleierlinge ( Cortinarius ).
The most important features are extractable anthraquinone pigments, which give these mushrooms strong colors and which are partly suitable for dyeing textiles. Because of these ingredients, the skin heads are separated from the veils by some taxonomists as a separate genus.
The subgenus contains over 20 recognized species as well as a number of uncertain taxa.
description
- The hat diameter ranges from 1 to 8 cm; the shape is convex, conical to bell-shaped, often hunched, but never deepened. When dry, the top layer of the hat is often silky, shiny, bare, felty, fibrous to fibrous and flaky. The edge of the hat is never grooved, with rare remains of cortine . The hat is brightly colored, with yellow to green, orange to red and reddish brown to brown tones. When it is dry, the hats often brighten up significantly, but without being hygrophan.
- The stem is usually in the center of the hat, the foot is never bulbous, but sometimes rooted. Like the hat, it is usually brightly colored. The surface is belted, ruffled or provided with rather inconspicuous remnants of velum .
- When young, the lamellae are yellow to olive green, orange to red or reddish brown to brown. As the spores ripen, they become more and more brown. It is not uncommon for them to contrast strongly with the color of the hat.
- The meat is rather thin.
- The taste is often bitter.
- The color of the spore powder is rusty brown.
Microscopic features
- The spores are 5 to 10 (rarely larger) μm long and ellipsoidal, seed to almond-shaped and with fine warts on the surface.
Determination tests
Fungi of different ages and a precise survey of the location (mycorrhizal partner) are necessary for reliable identification. Further possibilities for more detailed determination:
- Chemical reactions to alkalis: strong reaction of hat and lamellas.
- Blotter paper with alcohol soak and fungal put on it, discoloration of the paper red, yellow, orange, olive indicate Dermocybe out.
Occurrence
The skin heads usually grow individually or in small numbers on earth or in moss in deciduous or coniferous forests or in Sphagnum bogs. The time of publication is mainly from autumn to late autumn. They are most likely all mycorrhizal builders .
Generic delimitation
The skin heads are most likely to be confused with other cortinaries. Representatives from the Telamonia and Leprocybe subgenus come into question . But also scarfs ( Gymnopilus ) and saplings ( Hygrocybe ) can come up with very similar species.
Food value
The skin heads are all inedible, suspected or poisonous species.
Systematics
The subdivision into sections (+ example type) is based on Bon (2005):
- Section: Sanguinei
- Blood-red skin head ( C. sanguineus )
- Section: Dermocybe (or Cinnamonei )
- Cinnamon skin head ( C. cinnamoneus )
List of species
The purple-black water head and vermilion belt foot were placed in the subgenus Telamonia for a long time . They have therefore been included in the list, but marked with an asterisk.
| Skin heads in Germany, Austria and Switzerland | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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literature
- Marcel Bon: Parey's book of mushrooms . Kosmos (Franckh-Kosmos), 2005, ISBN 3440099709
Web links
- Ünal Bussaglia: genus Cortinarius (Fr.) (hair veils). (PDF, 193 kB) Archived from the original on October 13, 2007 ; Retrieved April 2, 2013 .
- The skin heads - identification keys