Hazenite
| Hazenite | |
|---|---|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
IMA 2007-061 |
| chemical formula | KNaMg 2 [PO 4 ] 2 · 14H 2 O |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Phosphates, arsenates and vanadates |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
8.CH.40 ( 8th edition : VII / C.22) 01/40/01/03 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | orthorhombic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | orthorhombic-dipyramidal; 2 / m 2 / m 2 / m |
| Space group | Pmnb (No. 62, position 2) |
| Lattice parameters | a = 6.9349 Å ; b = 25.1737 Å; c = 11.2195 Å |
| Formula units | Z = 4 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 2 to 2.5 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | measured: 1.91; calculated: 1.88 |
| Cleavage | good after {001} |
| Break ; Tenacity | brittle |
| colour | colorless |
| Line color | White |
| transparency | transparent |
| shine | Glass gloss |
Hazenite is a very rare mineral from the mineral class of " phosphates , arsenates and vanadates ". It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with the chemical composition KNaMg 2 [PO 4 ] 2 · 14H 2 O, so it is a water-containing potassium - sodium - magnesium phosphate.
Hazenite has so far only been found in the form of radially grown, colorless and transparent crystals up to about 0.06 mm × 0.12 mm × 0.40 mm in size and tabular to prismatic habit .
Etymology and history
Hazenite was first discovered by Hexiong Yang ( University of Arizona ) on the south coast of Mono Lake in California, who also analyzed the mineral, described it and named it after the American scientist Robert M. Hazen (1948-).
At the end of 2007, Yang submitted his test results and the application for recognition as a separate mineral to the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), which received the registration number IMA 2007-061 . Mineral and the name Hazenit were recognized on February 28, 2008.
classification
In the meantime outdated, but still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification by Strunz of hazenite belonged to the department of "water containing phosphates without foreign anions " where he along with Catalanoit and Dorfmanit the unnamed group VII / C.22 formed.
The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics , which has been in effect since 2001 and is used by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), also assigns hazenite to the category of “phosphates etc. without additional anions; with H 2 O “. However, this is further subdivided according to the relative size of the cations involved and the molar ratio of phosphate, vanadate or arsenate complex (RO 4 ) to crystal water (H 2 O), so that the mineral can be classified in the sub-section “With large and medium sized cations; RO 4 : H 2 O <1: 1 "is to be found, where together with struvite and struvite- (K) the" struvite group "with the system no. 8.CH.40 forms.
The systematics of minerals according to Dana also assigns Hazenite to the class of "phosphates, arsenates and vanadates" and there in the department of "water-containing phosphates etc.". Here it is also together struvite and struvite (K) in the "struvite group" with the system no. 40.01.01 to be found in the subsection " Water-containing phosphates etc., with A 2+ B 2+ (XO 4 ) • x (H 2 O) ".
Crystal structure
Hazenite crystallizes orthorhombically in the space group Pmnb (space group no. 62, position 2) with the lattice parameters a = 6.9349 Å ; b = 25.1737 Å; c = 11.2195 Å and 4 formula units per unit cell .
properties
Hazenite dissolves in 10 percent hydrochloric acid at room temperature .
Education and Locations
Hazenite is formed by microorganisms in Mono Lake (an alkaline salt lake in Mono County, California) and is found in dried out or decomposed algae on a substrate made of porous calcium carbonate in the form of the minerals calcite and aragonite .
So far (as of 2012) Hazenite could only be detected at its type locality Mono Lake (California).
See also
literature
- Ernst AJ Burke, Frédéric Hatert: New Minerals approved in 2007 Nomenclature modifications approved in 2007 by the Commission on new Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification International Mineralogical Association . 2007, p. 12 ( main.jp [PDF; 90 kB ; accessed on August 10, 2017]).
- Hexiong Yanga, Henry J. Sun: Crystal structure of a new phosphate compound, Mg 2 KNa (PO 4 ) 2 · 14H 2 O . In: Journal of Solid State Chemistry . tape 177 , no. 9 , 2004, p. 2991–2997 , doi : 10.1016 / j.jssc.2004.05.008 .
- Hexion Yang, Henry J. Sun, Robert T. Downs: Hazenite, KNaMg 2 (PO 4 ) 2 · 14H 2 O, a new biologically related phosphate mineral, from Mono Lake, California, USA . In: American Mineralogist . tape 96 , no. 4 , 2011, p. 675–681 ( rruff.info [PDF; 1.6 MB ; accessed on August 10, 2017]).
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Hazenite (Wiki)
- RRUFF Database-of-Raman-spectroscopy - Hazenite (English)
- American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database - Hazenite (English, 2004)
- Latintos - Hazenite, a mineral named after earth scientist Robert M. Hazen (English)
- Science news - Earth's Minerals Evolved, Too (English report on the development of earth minerals with a picture of the newly discovered Hazenite)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Hexion Yang, Henry J. Sun, Robert T. Downs: Hazenite, KNaMg 2 (PO 4 ) 2 14H 2 O, a new biologically related phosphate mineral, from Mono Lake, California, USA . In: American Mineralogist . tape 96 , 2011, p. 675–681 ( rruff.info [PDF; 1.6 MB ; accessed on August 10, 2017]).
- ↑ Webmineral - Hazenite (English)
- ↑ a b c d e f Robert M. Hazen, Geophysical Laboratory - Hazenite officially approved as a new mineral ( Memento of December 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Stefan Weiß: The large Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties . 6th completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-921656-80-8 .
- ↑ a b Mindat - Hazenite (English)