Heinrich Dieckmann (painter)

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Heinrich Dieckmann around 1913

Heinrich Maria Dieckmann (born March 7, 1890 in Kempen , † April 11, 1963 in Mönchengladbach ) was a German painter and designer . He was a representative of Expressionism in Germany, who mainly devoted himself to sacred art . Dieckmann is considered a co-founder of modern, sacred glass painting .

Life

Heinrich Dieckmann was the oldest of the eight children of Stephan Dieckmann (1852-1935), senior teacher at the Kempen school for the deaf and dumb and his wife Christine (1864-1937). In his parents 'house, which was strongly committed to the Catholic Church - his father was, among other things, Vice-President of the Catholic Workers' Association and a city councilor for several years, there were several pastors and members of the order in the family - his educational skills were shaped.

After attending elementary school, Dieckmann went to the Kempener Gymnasium Thomaeum from 1900 , which he left with the secondary school leaving certificate in 1908, and from April 27, 1908 to March 23, 1910 as a half-school student at the Krefeld Handwerker- und Kunstgewerbeschule (a forerunner of today's Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences ). With the opening of the Kaiser Wilhelm Museum under the direction of Friedrich Deneken at the end of 1897, Krefeld had developed into a center of artistic modernism. Krefeld became a focal point for the new art movements from Belgium, the Netherlands and Paris. Deneken, like the head of the arts and crafts school, the Hamburg architect Carl Wolbrandt , was a supporter of the idea of ​​the German Werkbund , founded in 1907, to abolish the traditional division between “free art” and “applied art”.

Dieckmann attended Jan Thorn Prikker's class for decorative painting and nature studies and August Nielsen's class for portrait and life drawing . He became friends with Thorn Prikker and stayed in contact with him until the 1920s, when Thorn Prikker taught at the Munich School of Applied Arts and later at the Düsseldorf Art Academy. Dieckmann's fellow students in Krefeld included Heinrich Campendonk , Walter Giskes , Wilhelm Wieger and Helmuth Macke (related to August Macke ). Campendonk, Wieger and Helmuth Macke were friends with Dieckmann, and Heinrich Nauen was also a member of the circle of friends. The students also had contacts with artists from the circle of the "Brücke" and the "Blauer Reiters". Dieckmann was probably also familiar with the modern collection of paintings in the Folkwang Museum by Karl Ernst Osthaus, which was first opened in Hagen in 1902 . In 1909 Dieckmann traveled to The Hague and visited various art museums.

After the dissolution of the Krefeld artist circle, Dieckmann graduated from 1910 by 1913 as an external student of a humanistic grammar school in Krefeld. Between 1913 and 1914 Dieckmann began studying art history at the University of Munich with Heinrich Wölfflin and Fritz Burger . In 1914 he moved to the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn , where, like his brother Josef a year earlier, he registered for theology . He also attended lectures on art history from Paul Clemen and Wilhelm Worringer, among others . At the beginning of the First World War , Dieckmann became a soldier and during the Loretto Battle he became a French prisoner of war, from which he was released in 1920. In 1921 he continued his art history studies at the University of Cologne with Albert Erich Brinckmann , but moved back to Bonn in 1922. In Bonn he was de-registered in 1924 due to a lack of participation, as he had already started teaching at Krefeld's craft and applied arts school in 1923. On August 21, 1930 he married the porcelain painter Maria (Mia) Lünenborg. In 1930 Dieckmann was co-editor of the church newspaper “Weltwarte” and in the same year was appointed professor and director of the crafts and arts and crafts school in Trier . Under his leadership, it developed into one of the leading institutions in Germany. In 1934 Dieckmann was removed from service by the National Socialists . During the National Socialist era , Dieckmann moved with his family to Cologne , where he worked as a freelance artist. Fled to Bad Honnef towards the end of the war before the Allied bombing raids . In 1947 he was reinstated as head of the school and remained so until 1953. After his retirement, Dieckman moved to Mönchengladbach, where he continued to work as an artist until the end of his life. In Mönchengladbach he ran an “open house” together with his wife, which became the meeting place for the artists' group in the “Kabuff”.

In 1963 Dieckmann died of heart failure. His hometown Kempen named a street after the artist.

plant

Dieckmann mainly dealt with monumental painting, glass painting, wall painting and mosaic art in the public, mostly church environment. Dieckmann therefore deliberately did not have a solo exhibition during his lifetime. He also made panel paintings and prints, designed pieces of furniture and paraments .

Dieckmann's oeuvre includes over 1500 works. His sacred works can be seen in around 60 churches in the Rhineland and around Trier . His works include the choir window in Marienthal Abbey near Wesel , which was shown at the large jury-free art exhibition in Berlin in 1927 , in Trier Cathedral and the windows in St. Aposteln in Cologne, which were lost in the post-war chaos .

Further Dieckmanns stained glass windows can be found or were in:

Numerous glass windows were created in collaboration with the Derix glass workshop .

In addition to sacred art, he also designed everyday objects. In 1923, Dieckmann and Heribert Reiners revived the tradition of farmer's pottery in the Lower Rhine with sacred motifs.

Most of his paintings are privately owned, are not open to the public and are rarely shown at exhibitions.

literature

  • Exhibition catalog: Heinrich Dieckmann. Catalog for the exhibition of the same name in the Abels Gallery in Mönchengladbach on October 24, 1971. o. O., o. J.
  • Monika Joggerst: Heinrich Dieckmann. Life and work 1890–1963. Dissertation. Ruhr University Bochum, 2002. ( online , PDF file; 23.6 MB)
  • Heribert Reiners: A thousand years of Rhenish art. Bonn 1938.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ [1]
personal data
SURNAME Dieckmann, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dieckmann, Heinrich Maria (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and designer
DATE OF BIRTH March 7, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Kempen
DATE OF DEATH April 11, 1963
Place of death Mönchengladbach