St. Bartholomew (Frankfurt-Zeilsheim)
St. Bartholomäus is a Catholic church in the classicism style with an extension from the modern age in Zeilsheim , a district of Frankfurt am Main .
Origin and development
In 1384 a chapel was first mentioned in Zeilsheim, which was dedicated to Saint Gertrude . In 1432 the wooden chapel was replaced by a stone church dedicated to Saint Bartholomew .
Until the beginning of the 19th century, the Zeilsheimer community was not yet a separate parish, but was looked after by various monasteries. From 1803 to 1835 it belonged as a branch church to Höchst and from 1835 to Hofheim. In 1888 Zeilsheim became an independent parish, today it belongs to the pastoral area of Frankfurt-Höchst.
In 1817 the old Bartholomäus chapel was demolished because it was in disrepair. In the following year, construction of the classicist hall church began at the same location. The planning came from the building inspector Johann Christian Zais . The new building was completed at the end of 1818 and consecrated on October 13, 1819.
The community grew from the end of the 19th century due to the nearby Hoechst paintworks and the associated construction of the colony factory settlement . The church no longer offered enough space, so that a new church was sought since 1912, which, however , could not be realized due to the First World War and the global economic crisis . From 1926 onwards, new concepts were developed to enlarge the church. The architect Martin Weber received the order for the planning . The extension was started in May 1932 and consecrated in November 1932 by Bishop Antonius Hilfrich .
After the Second World War , Zeilsheim continued to grow and the church had to be enlarged again. The nave was extended to the east, an organ gallery was installed and the church tower was built. In November 1957 these additions were inaugurated.
St. Bartholomäus is a Hessian cultural monument .
architecture
The church is located in the historic town center on the streets Alt Zeilsheim and Bartholomäusgasse. The classicist architecture is characterized by a simple building cube and a temple-like gable. The classical style refers to the essential design elements of ancient Greek temples . Pilasters with capitals made of sandstone suggest an order of columns . The artistically emphasized center of the longitudinal wall with the originally high windows is reminiscent of a cella . The plastered outer walls are laid out in yellow tones. The flat sloping gable roof is covered with slate and ends on the north side with a square roof turret for the bell cage.
The interior was originally oriented to the south on the altar and the round niche located there and designed in a manner typical of the construction period. When the building was added in the 1930s, the orientation was rotated 90 degrees and the original spatial impression fundamentally changed. The baroque high altar from the 18th century was placed on the western long side. Since the expansion, the former church has been used exclusively as a chancel, which has been gradually redesigned in a Baroque style and thus adapted to the formative high altar. Further baroque figures were added. The two tall rectangular classicist windows next to the altar were replaced by round windows in 1966 , creating larger wall surfaces that better accentuate the high altar. The pulpit is on the wall between the old and the extension.
The extension from 1932 consists of a clearly designed nave with a flat roof that adjoins the classical church to the east. For this purpose, the existing longitudinal wall was opened up over a large area. The extension is about twice the size of the old church. The height of the extension takes up the eaves of the previous church. Square windows below the roof structure the facades. In the south, on the long side, there is a low aisle, which is separated from the main nave by a series of supports. The entrance is in the north.
The interior of the nave was kept in plain white at the time of construction and was only decorated with the Stations of the Cross, some figures of saints and pictures of the old church. In 1936 Heinrich Dieckmann made an interior painting showing various scenes from the life of Jesus . In addition to the wall frescoes, he also created two new windows for the choir , which, however, were removed again during a modernization in 1966 for design reasons.
A so-called plague madonna is attached to the eastern rear wall below the gallery . The sculptural Marie portrait was acquired in 1668 in Cologne in gratitude for surviving as plague - epidemic .
The pictures of the Way of the Cross are from 1961. The organ was inaugurated in 1962 and expanded in 1990 and an organ prospectus was added. The bronze entrance doors were made in 1980 based on a design by Jupp Jost . They show various motifs on the subject of "liberation".
In 1940/41, the sculptor Otto Zirnbauer, who worked several times with the architect Martin Weber, created the 5-meter-high linden wood sculpture Madonna im Rosenhag and for the wedding stalls Adam and Eve and the wedding of Kanaa made of oak.
Web links
- St. Bartholomäuskirche on the website of the pastoral area Frankfurt-Höchst
- State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (Ed.): Kath. St. Bartholomäus-Kirche In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hessen
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments, Hessen II, Darmstadt District , Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2008
Individual evidence
- ↑ See note in the chronicle of the parish ( memento of the original of November 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Illustration of the Madonna in the Rosenhag on the cover of Das Licht. Journal of Christian Life , April 1955
Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ′ 40.6 ″ N , 8 ° 29 ′ 35.5 ″ E