Henry III. of funds

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Drawing of the seal of Heinrich III. of funds

Henry III. of funds (. Fr. de Henri Gueldre , nl. Hendrik III van Gelre ) (* around 1215 / 1217 ; † 23. April 1285 ) was from 1247 to 1274 bishop of Liege . He was also abbot of Stablo and Malmedy from 1248 to 1274 . Because of his unworthy and extravagant lifestyle he was deposed by Gregory X.

Life

He was a son of Count Gerhard IV von Geldern and his wife Margarete von Brabant. He was the brother of Otto II von Geldern .

From 1238 he was provost of the Xanten monastery . He was also a chaplain and supporter of Pope Innocent IV. The Archbishop of Cologne gave him the Dompropstei in Utrecht and the provostei in Deventer . Both positions had previously been revoked from the previous owners. The papal confirmation followed in 1246. In 1247 he left the income of the winery to the collegiate chapter in Xanten. A short time later he gave up the post of provost because he was elected Bishop of Liège.

His brother and the Duke of Brabant supported him because they hoped that Heinrich would support his uncle, William of Holland , who was elected as the opposing king . This choice was long debated. With the support of the papal legate Pietro Capocci , Heinrich was recognized.

After his election, he appointed an auxiliary bishop for his spiritual duties , which was unusual for the diocese of Liège . One reason was that the Elekt did not yet have the canonical age required for the office of bishop. In addition, he himself was dispensed from ordination for several years.

As early as 1248 he concluded an alliance against possible opponents with Duke Heinrich von Brabant , his brother Otto von Geldern and Count Arnold von Looz .

He supported his uncle Wilhelm von Holland in his quarrel with the Staufers and was thereby involved in warlike entanglements. Thanks to the support of his relative Wilhelm, Heinrich got into financial difficulties, so that Pope Alexander IV allowed him to keep for two years all income from benefits that were to be dealt with over the course of five years.

He occasionally appears as an arbitrator in disputes, alone or together with his brother and others. In 1253 he made an arbitration award in the dispute between Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden and Count Wilhelm von Jülich . In 1263 he was one of the arbitrators in the dispute between Archbishop Engelbert II. Von Falkenburg and the citizens of Cologne .

During his time there have been serious disputes with the citizens of Liège since the beginning of the 1250s . The dispute was first settled through the mediation of Otto von Geldern. But the resentment, also known as the rising of Henry of Dinant, spread to other cities. The patrician leadership was eliminated in the cities. At the instigation of Heinrich von Dinant, armed citizen troops were set up and the cities concluded an alliance with one another. During the uprising, the bishop had to leave Liège. The bishop, with the support of his brother and other princes, had to wage war against his own subjects. Eventually the Liège people also had to submit and the old regime was restored. The bishop tried to counter new unrest by building forts. But he couldn't really suppress the communal movement.

After his uncle Wilhelm von Holland died, the cathedral chapter forced him to accept the ordinations in 1258. In 1266 he released the pledged city of Mechelen and other possessions of the diocese. The residents of Mechelen refused to recognize him as master and he tried in vain to force them to obey by force of arms.

In 1269 there was renewed dissatisfaction among the Liège citizens. Again the other cities joined the riot. The Liège stormed the episcopal fortress, also called Walburgistor, in which strong episcopal associations were stationed. At the beginning of the 1270s there were again confederations of some cities in the bishopric of Liège .

He led an indecent and secular life incompatible with the episcopate. The bishop had a number of offspring with his mistresses. There was a formal indictment from the ranks of the citizens of Liège. The other cities followed suit. The complaints were initially filed in the cathedral chapter. The bishop severely abused the canon who brought the indictment. The citizens' complaints about the bishop were presented to Gregory X., who initially reprimanded the bishop and exhorted him to lead a more dignified life. Heinrich did not change his behavior. He was invited by the Pope to the council in Lyon in 1274 and deposed as bishop.

literature

  • General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts. Second section Leipzig, 1828 HN. 327-329
  • Wilhelm Classen: The Archdiocese of Cologne. Archdeaconate of Xanten. Part 1 Berlin, 1938 p. 186

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Petrus von S. Georg - RI V, 2,3 n.10198a (Regest RI-online)
  2. ↑ Innocenz IV. - RI V, 2,3 n. 7892 Regest RI-online
  3. ↑ Reich stuff (German 1198-1272) -. RI V, 2.4 n 11554 (Regest RI online)
  4. ↑ Alexander IV. - RI V, 2,3 n.9043 (Regest RI-online)
  5. ↑ Reich stuff (German 1198-1272) -. RI V, 2.4 n 11653 (Regest RI online)
  6. ↑ Reich stuff (German from 1198 to 1272) -. RI V, 2.4 n 11944 (Regest RI online)
  7. ^ Adolf Wohlwill: The beginnings of the state constitution in the diocese of Liège. Leipzig, 1867 p. 80
  8. ^ Adolf Wohlwill: The beginnings of the state constitution in the diocese of Liège. Leipzig, 1867 p. 80
personal data
SURNAME Henry III. of funds
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Liege
DATE OF BIRTH around 1215 or 1217
DATE OF DEATH April 23, 1285