Heliodinidae
| Heliodinidae | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Heliodinidae | ||||||||||||
| Heinemann & Wocke , 1876 |
The Heliodinidae are a globally distributed family of butterflies within the superfamily Yponomeutoidea comprising more than 50 species in about a dozen genera . The family occurs in Europe with only one species, Heliodines roesella . The main distribution area is the New World. The genus Heliodines includes most species and has the greatest distribution.
features
The possible autapomorphies of the family include the completely smooth, scaled head and the stunted wing vein CuP on the forewing. These features also occur in the Glyphipteriginae from the family of Glyphipterigidae on. The abdomen of the adults has no spines. The doll has stiff bristles on the sides and back.
The small butterflies have point eyes ( Ocelli ) but no Jordanian organs ( Chaetosemata ). The males have characteristically thickened antennae , the scapus being uncombed or without protruding scales. The rails ( tibia ) of the hind legs are smoothly scaled dorsally . The forewings have metallic patterns. In females, the frenulum consists of only one bristle, the retinaculum is subcostal and consists of short, curved bristles.
The spinning glands of the caterpillars are unusually long and the Seta VI on the thorax is undeveloped as in the Bedelidae . The belly legs are simply circular.
Way of life
The moths are mostly diurnal. The caterpillars are miners in leaves, drills in branches, buds, fruits and also plant galls of gall midges . There are also species that live in a community nest and feed on leaves. The food plants include various dicotyledons , such as the foxtail family (Chenopodiaceae), miracle flower family (Nyctaginaceae), aralia family (Araliaceae), evening primrose family (Onagraceae) and ice flower family (Aizoaceae). Pupation takes place either in the hiding place of the caterpillar or freely, in some species in a loose web of silk.
Systematics
Several taxa that were previously included in this family have been recognized to have no close relationship with the Heliodinidae. They are now placed in the Gelechioidea or even the Schreckensteiniidae within Apoditrysia .
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ Heliodinidae in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved July 1, 2012
- ↑ a b c d e f Niels P. Kristensen: Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies . In: Maximilian Fischer (Ed.): Handbook of Zoology . 1st edition. tape 4 - Arthropoda: Insecta , volume 35. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1998, ISBN 3-11-015704-7 , p. 127 (English).
literature
- Niels P. Kristensen: Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies . In: Maximilian Fischer (Ed.): Handbook of Zoology . 1st edition. tape 4 - Arthropoda: Insecta , volume 35. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1998, ISBN 3-11-015704-7 (English).
