Hermann Baisch

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Hermann Baisch, 1885.

Hermann Baisch (born July 12, 1846 in Dresden , † June 18, 1894 in Karlsruhe ) was a German landscape painter, animal painter and etcher. Together with his teacher Adolf Lier and his friend Gustav Schönleber , Baisch is considered to be the founder of a new style in Germany that was based on the French open-air painters of the " Paysage intime ". Her goal was "to grasp nature as it is and to help the simplest motifs and objects to have a significant effect through the idealizing power of light".

Life

Hermann Baisch was born on July 12, 1846 in Dresden as the son of the lithographer Wilhelm Gottlieb Baisch (1805–1864), who worked there as the artistic director of the CC Meinhold print shop . Hermann's six years older brother was the writer, editor, lithographer and painter Otto Baisch (1840-1892).

In 1852 the family moved to Stuttgart, where the father set up a lithographic facility in his own house at Neckarstrasse 34b. Baisch completed an apprenticeship as a lithographer with his father and then studied painting at the Stuttgart Art School . After the father's death in 1864, Baisch's older brother Otto Baisch took over the management of the lithographic institute in the name and on behalf of the mother.

Paris

In 1868 Hermann Baisch went to Paris, where he studied Dutch landscape painting and animal painting in the Louvre, including Paulus Potter and Aelbert Cuyp . In Paris he also got to know the Barbizon school , including Théodore Rousseau and Jules Dupré . The young open-air painters represented the new style of " paysage intime " in landscape painting , whose representatives had devoted themselves to a realistic representation of nature.

Munich

From autumn 1869 to 1873 Baisch was a master student at the private painting school of the landscape painter Adolf Lier in Munich, who was intimate with the ideas of the paysage. At school he met Gustav Schönleber , with whom he shared a similar conception of landscape painting. He stayed in Munich until autumn 1881 and lived at Schwanthalerstraße 57 and Kleestraße 6 from 1870 to 1877.

In 1873 Hermann's brother Otto Baisch gave up the lithographic establishment in Stuttgart. He sold his parents' house and the lithographic establishment in order to devote himself to painting in the future. He went to Munich, where Hermann was already living, and began studying painting at the Academy of Fine Arts . Unlike Hermann, however, he was not successful as a painter. He turned to journalism and worked as an editor from 1881 in Berlin and from 1884 in Stuttgart.

Karlsruhe

In 1880 Hermann Baisch moved to Karlsruhe and in 1881 took up the newly created professorship for animal painting at the Grand Ducal Baden Art School, where his friend Gustav Schönleber had held a professorship for landscape painting since 1879. In Karlsruhe, Baisch revitalized animal painting, which had been orphaned since the Baden court painters Carl Kuntz and Rudolf Kuntz, and brought fresh impulses to landscape painting. So that his students could always work “in front of nature”, he set up an open-air studio and even had a cow and some small animals acquired. Many landscapes were created on several trips to Holland, as well as in the last years of his life on trips to the Alps. In 1884/1885 and 1893/1894 he was director of the art school, which was renamed the Grand Ducal Badische Akademie der Bildenden Künste in 1892. In 1884, 1889 and 1893 he was chairman of the association of visual artists in Karlsruhe.

Baisch worked in Karlsruhe for over 12 years with great success before a premature death tore him from his life. The family lived in rented apartments at Westendstrasse 47 and Kaiserstrasse 160 until 1885, and from 1886 in their own house at Seminarstrasse 11, within walking distance of the art school. The two-storey, four-axle classicist building from the 1870s is a listed building.

Retirement

Baisch first married Julie Schönleber, a sister of Gustav Schönleber, in 1875. In 1883 he married the widow Anna Cox (1863–1930) for the second time. Baisch had 2 sons and 2 daughters. After a short, serious illness, he died shortly before the age of 48 on June 18, 1894 in Karlsruhe. The family's grave is located in the main cemetery in Karlsruhe.

plant

painting

List of works: #Boetticher 1891 , #AKL 1992 , #Beringer 1908 .

Baisch found his motifs in the Upper Bavarian landscape in the 1970s. His pictures from this period are characterized by a golden yellow and silver gray hue. Baisch's landscapes of this time often look like the old masters with a “carefully considered application of paint”. After 1880, after his trips to Holland, he expanded his repertoire to include seascapes, beach pictures and pasture landscapes. His works now appear broader, more sketchy and carefree, but also more self-confident and generous. In all phases of his work he showed a preference for animal pieces and the use of animals as accessories, which, often depicted in the herd, enrich the landscape.

Together with his teacher Adolf Lier and his friend Gustav Schönleber, Baisch is considered to be the founder of a new style, the aim of which was "to grasp nature as it is and to help the simplest motifs and objects to achieve a significant effect through the idealizing power of light" .

  • Feeding the chickens, after 1880.

  • At the edge of the meadow.

  • Cows on the Alm, 1884.

  • Chatting in the field, 1893.

  • Seascape, after 1880.

  • Geese at the village pond, after 1880.

Book illustrations

After the death of his brother Otto in 1892, Hermann Baisch published a memorial collection of Otto Baisch's poems, which he illustrated himself.

  • Otto Baisch; Karl Liebrich (editor): Songs and sayings by Otto Baisch. Issued from his estate. With portrait of the poet, pen drawings. and etchings by Hermann Baisch. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1894.
  • Artist whims : 33 drawings; with old and new poems. By H. Baisch, W. Diez, FA Kaulbach, Hugo Kauffmann, Br. Piglhein, Rud. Seitz… Munich: Bassermann, 1879, online . - 2 drawings by Hermann Baisch: pages 10, 15.

  • Vignette from "Songs and Sayings", 1894.

  • To the water, drawing from “Künstlerlaunen”, 1879.

Honors

Source: #Boetticher 1891 .

  • 1881: Golden Archduke Ludwig Medal, Vienna.
  • 1886: Full member of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Berlin.
  • 1888: Honorary member of the Munich Art Academy.
  • 1888: Honorary member of the Vienna Art Academy.
  • 1902: Name of the access road to the Hermann Billings Art Nouveau settlement north of Stephanienstraße as Baischstraße .

literature

Life

  • Baisch, Hermann . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 6, Saur, Munich a. a. 1992, ISBN 3-598-22746-9 , pp. 331 f.
  • Beringer: Baisch, Hermann . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 2 : Antonio da Monza-Bassan . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1908, p. 376 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Carmen Bechtold; Katja Förster: Hermann Baisch. Karlsruhe, 2013, online .
  • Hyacinth Holland :  Baisch, Hermann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 46, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1902, p. 189 f.
  • Horst Ludwig: Munich painter in the 19th century: in four volumes. Volume 1: Adam – Gaupp. Munich: Bruckmann, 1981, pp. 48-49, 52.
  • Leo Mülfarth : Small lexicon of Karlsruhe painters. Karlsruhe: Badenia-Verlag, 1987, ISBN 3-7617-0250-7 , pages 20-22.
  • Adolf von Oechelhäuser: Hermann Baisch. In: Badische Biographien, Volume 5, 1906, pages 26-27.
  • Friedrich Pecht: Hermann Baisch. In: Julius Meyer (editor): General artists' encyclopedia: with the participation of the most renowned scholars at home and abroad. Volume 2: Andreas – Domenico del Barbiere. Leipzig: Engelmann, 1878, pages 565-566.
  • Rudolf Vierhaus: German biographical encyclopedia (DBE). Volume 1: Aachen – Braniss. Munich: Saur, 2005, page 341.

plant

  • Friedrich von Boetticher : Painters works of the nineteenth century. Contribution to art history. Volume 1.1: Aagaard – Heideck. Dresden: Boetticher, 1891. Reprint: Hofheim am Taunus: Schmidt & Günther, 1979, ISBN 3-920843-00-2 , pages 45-46, 964, pdf .
  • Jan Lauts; Werner Zimmermann: Catalog of recent masters: 19th and 20th century / Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe. Volume 1: Text. Karlsruhe, 1971, pages 18-19.
  • Jan Lauts; Werner Zimmermann: Catalog of recent masters: 19th and 20th century / Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe. Volume 2: Illustrations. Karlsruhe, 1971, pages 18-22.

Web links

Commons : Hermann Baisch  - Collection of Images

Footnotes

  1. ↑ # Beringer 1908 .
  2. ↑ #Beringer 1908 , Stuttgart address books 1864–1874.
  3. ^ # Mülfarth 1987 , Munich address books 1870–1877. - The Munich address books 1878–1884 are not digitized.
  4. ↑ # Bechtold 2013 , # Mülfarth 1987 .
  5. ↑ Karlsruhe list of monuments .
  6. ↑ # Mülfarth 1987 .
  7. ↑ Genealogienetz.de .
  8. ↑ # Mülfarth 1987 .
  9. ↑ #AKL 1992 .
  10. ↑ # Beringer 1908 .
  11. ↑ # Bechtold 2013 .
personal data
SURNAME Baisch, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH July 12, 1846
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH June 18, 1894
Place of death Karlsruhe