Hermione Feist

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Gravestone in the Wannsee cemetery, Lindenstrasse
Memorial plaque at the Großer Wannsee 59

Hermine Feist (née Wollheim ; * December 20, 1855 ; † November 17, 1933 in Berlin ) was a German porcelain collector .

Life

Hermine Wohlheim was the daughter of the Jewish coal wholesaler Caesar Wollheim and his wife Caroline, née Pollack. Her sister Martha (1857–1942) later married the ophthalmologist Max Reichenheim, while her sister Else (1858–1904) was married to the chemist and industrialist Franz Oppenheim , who mainly worked for the Agfa company . Nothing is known about Hermine Wohlheim's school education. She was married to the businessman Otto Feist (1847–1912), who came from a Frankfurt family of sparkling wine manufacturers ( Feist-Sektkellerei ). The children Hans (1887–1886) and Ernst Moritz (1884–1939) emerged from this marriage. The latter died shortly after his release from the Oranienburg concentration camp .

Hermine Feist and her husband inherited the property and the villa at Bergstrasse 5 in the Alsen colony on the Großer Wannsee in Berlin from their father . Hermine Feist commissioned the architect Alfred Breslauer to redesign the villa in such a way that it could be used for residential purposes as well as for the museum presentation of the collection. Hermine Feist's porcelain collection was one of the largest in Europe and offered an almost complete overview of German porcelain. The collection contained figurines, vases and tableware from the manufacturers in Meißen , Höchst , Frankenthal , Nymphenburg , Vienna , Ludwigsburg , Fulda and Limbach . She also collected old lace and jewelry. Together with her husband, she also acquired a collection of paintings that included works by Joshua Reynolds , Jean-Baptiste Pater , Reinhold Lepsius , Joseph Highmore , Franz von Lenbach and Francisco de Goya .

Hermine Feist repeatedly donated porcelain objects to the Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin . In 1908 the museum received a jug made from Meissen porcelain, in 1910 a porcelain jug from the Nymphenburg factory, in 1914 a Viennese porcelain cup and in 1915 a painted figure of a muse made from Nymphenburg porcelain. She was a member of the German Society for East Asian Art and the Kaiser Friedrich Museum Association .

After the death of her husband in 1912, Hermine Feist initially lived financially independently. However, after the First World War, it lost a large part of its assets due to war bonds that had become worthless and inflation . Through a persistently high lifestyle, she accumulated a significant debt burden until her death. She died in 1933 and was buried in the new cemetery in Berlin-Wannsee . The grave still exists today. Due to the debts left behind, parts of Hermine Feist's collection were transferred to Dresdner Bank and other creditors in 1933 . Most of these objects were acquired by the Free State of Prussia in 1935 , which brought them into the possession of the Museum of Decorative Arts in Berlin. Other parts of the collection were auctioned in 1939 at the Berlin auction house Hans W. Lange and in 1941 at Theodor Fischer in Lucerne. The bust Madame X / Hermine Feist by Rudolf Großmann , created in 1929 and now in the Jewish Museum Berlin, commemorates Hermine Feist .

literature

  • Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berlin art matronage, collectors and sponsors of fine arts around 1900 . Wallenstein, Göttingen 2018, ISBN 978-3-8353-3180-8 .

Web links

Commons : Hermine Feist  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berliner Kunstmatronage, collectors and patrons of fine arts around 1900 , p. 379.
  2. ^ Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berliner Kunstmatronage, collectors and patrons of fine arts around 1900 , p. 379.
  3. ↑ The porcelain collector Hermine Feist. In: Villa colonies in Wannsee 1875–1945, special exhibition of the Memorial and Education Center House of the Wannsee Conference, May 2000 - January 2006.
  4. ^ Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berliner Kunstmatronage, collectors and patrons of fine arts around 1900 , p. 379.
  5. ^ Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berliner Kunstmatronage, collectors and patrons of fine arts around 1900 , p. 379.
  6. ^ Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berliner Kunstmatronage, collectors and patrons of fine arts around 1900 , p. 379.
  7. ^ Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berliner Kunstmatronage, collectors and patrons of fine arts around 1900 , p. 379.
  8. ↑ Villencolonie Alsen at Wannsee. Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-9813119-3-8 , pp.?.
  9. ^ Anna-Carolin Augustin: Berliner Kunstmatronage, collectors and patrons of fine arts around 1900 , p. 379.
  10. ↑ In the catalog of the auction house Hans W. Lange, the origin is given as "from a well-known private collection in Berlin-Wannsee". The name Hermine Feist only appears encrypted in the directory as “F.-W. Berlin.Wannsee “, where the abbreviation stands for the surname Feist-Wohlheim ( digitized ).
  11. ^ Galerie Fischer Luzern, catalog 71: Collection Frau Hermine Feist, Wannsee, .... 20-24. May 1941 ( digitized version ).
  12. ↑ Bust of Hermine Feist, description in the online database of the Jewish Museum Berlin
personal data
SURNAME Feist, Hermione
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wollheim, Hermine (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German porcelain collector
DATE OF BIRTH December 20, 1855
DATE OF DEATH November 17, 1933
Place of death Berlin