Lords of Bergheim

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Coat of arms of the Bergheimers according to Siebmacher's book of arms

The lords of Bergheim (also called Perkham , Perchheimer , Perghaimer , Perkheimb ) are the successors to the ministerials from Itzling and Fischach , who in turn were important servants of the archbishops in the Salzburg monastery . The Bergheimers owned a Gesaezz zu Bergheim ( i.e. a manor house), but no castle, as the center of their possessions. This seat ( gesaezz ) was mentioned as early as 927 when the nun Ellanpurg received curtum ecclesiam for life in an exchange deal with Archbishop Odalbert ad Percheim . The Hof zu Bergheim was from the beginning a fiefdom of the Salzburg archbishops; today it is probably the Leihartinger farm on the street below the church of Bergheim.

History of the Lords of Bergheim

The story of the Lords of Bergheim begins with a curiosity that is noticeable for the Middle Ages , as this family line can be traced back to Adelheid von Itzling (around 1122) and her husband Rudolf I von Traunsdorf and von Itzling (around 1122–1139), but their children are each other partly named after their (maternal) ancestral seat von Itzling or von Bergheim .

Rüdiger I. from the Itzlinger family first called himself von Bergheim in 1183 . It is not known whether this name refers to other families who previously called von Bergheim , but it is quite possible that they were married in here. A Dietmar von Bergheim is known as early as 1130, who was a servant of the St. Peter monastery ; he was a grandson of the secular monastery provost Dietmar, whose descendants also called themselves von Salzburg . Trunt (1125–1147), a brother of Dietmar, also called himself von Bergheim ; a Luitpold (116–1193) from this family is also known. Rüdiger I took on the important office of Vice-Cathedral of Salzburg, that is, he was responsible for the administration of all archbishop's possessions north of the Tauern main ridge.

His son Markwart II continued the Bergheimer line, while his brother Gerhoch II founded the von Radeck line, the third brother Rüdiger was destined for the clergy and made it to the Bishop of Passau. Markwart appeared in important legal acts by the Archbishop of Salzburg and was therefore rewarded with goods in the city of Salzburg. After his death, the wife of the market warden handed over her property to the Salzburg cathedral chapter and joined the St. Peter's wives (1218/1225). The next generation was also very close to the Salzburg Archbishop Eberhard II ; Markwart III. accompanied him, for example, in the context of legal transactions in 1244 to Regensburg , where the Metropolitan gave the citizens of Munich the same rights as they already applied to Salzburg and Regensburg. However, it did not stop at this good relationship; because of the Vogteirechte it came between Markwart III. and his brother Rüdiger II on the one hand and the Salzburg Cathedral Chapter and St. Peter's Abbey on the other hand in several disputes. This time with Archbishop Friedrich II von Walchen and Bergheimers Liebhart, Heinrich II and Ulrich, these arguments continued in the next generation . The ministerials were on the side of King Přemysl Ottokar II of Bohemia and Duke Heinrich XIII. of Lower Bavaria , on the other side was the Archbishop Friedrich II of Walchen. In 1278 Heinrich von Bergham was imprisoned by the Archbishop for "various wrongdoings" (he is said to have harmed the Salzburg Cathedral Chapter, the monasteries of St. Peter, Nonnberg, Berchtesgaden and "the poor people of the Salzburg Church" and stole horses from the Archbishop) for over a year taken. Many Salzburg aristocrats vouched for Heinrich, and in the end Heinrich was released in return for a heavy fine and various obligations. In 1285 Heinrich managed to get Archbishop Rudolf von Hohenegg to transfer all of his fiefdoms to his wife Bertha von Polheim . However, hostilities persisted. Heinrich was accused of having caused several damages against Archbishop Konrad IV von Fohnsdorf as well as the country and town. In order to repair the damage, he had to sell his possessions, including the property in Bergheim, to the archbishop. It is not known whether he was able to live with his wife at Bergheim until his death. His brother Liebhart had already got into financial difficulties earlier and had to sell property and his bailiwick rights in Bergheim and Anthering to the Salzburg cathedral chapter.

In order to get out of this awkward position, Hermann I took over the burgraviate of Kropfsberg in the Inn Valley in the next generation ; thus he was responsible for the military security of the Zillertal , which at that time belonged to Salzburg; he was also reassigned to the court at Anthering. This situation did not last long, however, as Heinrich I's sons Markwart and Friedrich II obviously killed Ulrich Keutzl, the son of the respected Mayor of Salzburg, Peter Keuzl. In order to atone for this act, they had to donate the Erentrudis altar in Salzburg Cathedral and provide it with an appropriate donation. These high burdens meant that they had to sell their goods in Salzburg in 1336 and those of Anthering to Archbishop Friedrich III in 1336 . passed on. In order to escape the economic misery, some of the Bergheimers embarked on a spiritual career. With Dietmar von Bergheim, provost of the Reichersberg monastery , this sex ended in the area of ​​the Salzburg monastery .

It is unclear how the Salzburg Bergheimers are related to the various lines of the Perkhamer in the land above the Enns , although it should be noted that the name Bergheim occurs as a location designation in several places. The people of Perkheim then turned to the country above the Enns and had their headquarters there in Timelkam , Oberbergham near Gaspoltshofen , Bergham Castle near Linz, Bergheim Castle near Geboltskirchen , the Perkhaimerhof in Ebelsberg or Bergheim Castle near Feldkirchen on the Danube and over time many other gentlemen. The name of the Perkheim people often appears here with prominent functions, for example Kaspar von Perkheim was the first vice cathedral in the land ob der Enns under Emperor Maximilian I in 1499 , the knight Jörg der Perkhaimer († 1468) was the keeper of Wolfsegg in 1450 and under Archduke Albrecht in 1460 VI. Member of the sovereign council in the state of the Enns.

Master list of the gentlemen from Bergheim

NN

  1. Rüdiger I. von Gersdorf (near Gröbming in the Styrian Ennstal) and von Bergheim (approx. 1151, † 1207), Vice Cathedral of Salzburg
    1. Gerhoch II of Bergheim, of Salzburg and of Bergheim († 1242), Burgrave of Hohensalzburg , ∞ (1213) Bertha von Lonstorf (1193/95, † 1255)
    2. Rüdiger von Bergheim (1196/1206, † 1258), hospital master (1207), pastor of Salzburghofen (1208), bishop of Chiemsee (1216–1233), bishop of Passau (12133–1250)
    3. Mathilde von Bergheim (around 1244), ∞ Dietmar II. Von Eichham (1214–1244)
      1. Rudiger von Eichham
      2. Heinrich von Eichham
    4. Markwart II. Von Bergheim (1193/96, † 1218/1225), ∞ Euphemia von Truchtlaching, sister of the burgrave Konrad von Hohensalzburg
      1. Markwart III. von Bergheim (1216 / 25–1255)
      2. Heinrich I von Bergheim, Canon in Salzburg (1215–1250)
      3. Rüdiger II. Von Bergheim (1254–1280)
        1. Liebhard von Bergheim (1215–1250)
        2. Heinrich II. Von Bergheim (1243 / 1260–1299), ∞ Bertha von Polheim († after 1299)
        3. NN, pastor of Lieseregg
        4. Ulrich von Bergheim (1243/1260) ∞ NN
          1. Friedrich I. von Bergheim († before 1319), pastor of Bergheim (1281), canon in Salzburg (around 1300-1314)
          2. Ortwein from Bergheim (1307) ∞ NN
            1. Adelheid von Bergheim ∞ Ulrich von Haunsperg (1307)
          3. Anna von Bergheim, Abbess of Nonnberg Monastery (1321–1323)
          4. Hermann I von Bergheim (1278, † 1318), Burgrave of Kropfsberg (1299–1309) ∞ NN
            1. Markwart IV of Bergheim (1322, † 1366)
            2. Hermann II of Bergheim, Canon of Salzburg (1322- after 1325)
            3. Friedrich II. Von Bergheim (1310, † after 1350), ∞ NN
              1. Konrad von Bergheim (1367, † after 1376)
              2. Dietmar von Bergheim, provost of Reichersberg (1346–1386)

literature

  • Heinz Dopsch : The place, its masters and the court Bergheim in the Middle Ages (approx. 600 - 1550). In Bergheim community (ed.): Bergheim. Past and present , pp. 60–93. Bergheim: 2008.
  • Franz Krawarik: The beginnings of medieval settlement in the Bergheim area. In Bergheim community (ed.): Bergheim. Past and present , pp. 94-106. Bergheim: 2008.
  • Siebmacher, Johann : Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms book. Volume 28. The coats of arms of the nobility in Salzburg, Styria and Tyrol. Facsimile reprint of the Nuremberg edition 1701–1806. Munich: Battenberg.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Master list of the gentlemen from Bergheim based on Heinz Dopsch, 2008, p. 78ff.