Lords of Ramstein (Schramberg)

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The Lords of (Obereschach-) Ramstein owned rulership in the Black Forest along the Upper Schiltach in the 12th and 13th centuries .

history

As with the Lords of Falkenstein , the "Train into the Black Forest" can be determined for those of Ramstein for the 12th century, i. H. the then lords of Obereschach (near Villingen ) avoided the Baar and created a noble rule in the area of ​​the upper Schiltach which, when it died out in 1275/88, passed to the Falkensteiners, who were related to them.

In detail, the following lords of Obereschach-Ramstein are attested in the early tradition of the Black Forest Monastery of St. Georgen : Ruom (I.) (1086, 1113), Markward (I.) (approx. 1130, 1137, 1140), Ruom (II. ) (1137, 1139, 1148). Markward (I.) and Ruom (II) are referred to as Lords of Eschach before 1137, then as Ramsteiner. The relocation of the Eschach to the castle of Ramstein , which was determined by power politics, must have taken place in the 1130s. This assessment is confirmed by a certificate of protection from Emperor Heinrich V (1106–1125) from January 1123 for the Alpirsbach monastery . The diploma is received in the original and two replicas, the replicas name the witness Ruom (II.) Once as "von Eschach", the other time as "von Ramstein".

The Eschach-Ramsteiners are thus attested as nobiles ("noble lords") in the vicinity of the Benedictine monastic communities of St. Georgen and Alpirsbach. Ruom (I.) appears in 1094 as a vassal of Reichenau and St. Georgen monastery bailiff Hermann († 1094), in 1092 as miles of Count Burchard von Staufenberg. The St. Georgen founding report documents further relationships between the Eschach-Ramsteiners and the noble families von Kappel, Zimmer, Hornberg, Wolfach and Lupfen. At the latest with the transfer of the St. Georgen monastery bailiwick to the Zähringer, the Ramsteiners also belonged to the political supporters of the dukes and the counts of Sulz (Baargrafschaft) who were dependent on the latter . Markward (III.) Von Ramstein can still be found in 1187 in the vicinity of the Zähringer duke. A letter from the antipope Calixt III is about 1170 . (1166–1174) to the St. Georgen Monastery, the aim is to protect the monastic community from attacks by the unspecified knights “R. and N., called by Ramstein ”. These attacks affected a forest area between Brigach and Schiltach, as well as Reichenauer property, adjacent to Ramstein Castle (between Schramberg and St. Georgen) . The knights must have exercised bailiwick rights here in particular, as can be seen in the papal letter. Perhaps the forest was originally a gift from Ramstein to the Black Forest Monastery. Like the Falkensteiners, the Lords of Ramstein will have built their rule on forest rights and the clearing of forests.

The Lords of Ramstein did not reappear until the middle of the 13th century. The last members of the lay family can be seen until around 1275 and as monks and clergy until the first decades of the 14th century. Albrecht von Falkenstein was abbot of Reichenau monastery (1260–1294), Ruom monastery director of St. Gallen (1274–1281), Heinrich (IV.) Was also elected abbot of St. Gallen at the age of seventy (1302–1318).

The heirs of the Ramsteiners who remained in the world were the Lords of Falkenstein. The line of those from Falkenstein to Ramstein then continued the rule of the Ramsteiner in a certain way, so that their former territory is reflected in that of the Falkenstein-Ramsteiner.

A branch of the family appears at Weiler Castle (Ramsteinweiler) in Fischerbach in 1275/77 . They also owned Fischerbach Castle for a time.

Lords of Ramstein

  • Ruom I of Eschach (nobleman) (1086, 1113)
  • Markward I. von Eschach-Ramstein (ca.1130, 1140)
  • Ruom II (1137, 1148)
  • R [uom?], N. von Ramstein (approx. 1170)
  • Markward III. (1187)
  • Heinrich (Reichenauer Mönch) (1240, 1246)
  • Ruom (Reichenau monk) (1240, 1246)
  • Walter (Canon in Constance) (1242, 1264)
  • Markward IV? (1256)
  • Markward V.? (1256, 1267)
  • Markward (Canon in Strasbourg, Reichenau parish rector in Ulm) (v. 1260, 1263/67)
  • Albrecht (Abbot of Reichenau) (1260–1294)
  • Diethelm (Reichenau parish rector in Ulm ) (1267–1306)
  • Ruom (1271)
  • Ulrich (including Provost von Reichenau) (1273, 1299)
  • Ruom (Abbot of St. Gallen) (1274–1281)
  • Berthold von Ramstein zu Wiler (1275)
  • Heinrich (1275)
  • Berthold (inter alia provost of St. Gallen) (1275, 1293)
  • Ruom (Reichenau monk) (1275, 1326)
  • Walter (monk in St. Gallen) (1279, 1282)
  • Heinrich (IV., Abbot of St. Gallen) (1302–1318)

See also: Ramstein ruins (Schramberg)

coat of arms

The Lords of Ramstein derived their name from the Middle High German word "ram" (ram). Accordingly, the coat of arms of Diethelm von Ramstein shows a ram / capricorn standing on a mountain of three. It is the same motif that the Ramsteiners brought to Weiler in 1439.

literature

  • Hans Harter: Nobility and castles in the upper Kinzig area. Studies on settlement and high medieval rulership in the medieval Black Forest . In: Research on the history of the Upper Rhine region , Volume 37, Freiburg, Munich 1992.
  • Hans Harter: Nobility on Falkenstein and Schilteck . In: Museum and History Association Schramberg and the large district town of Schramberg (ed.): Schramberg. Herrschaft - Marktflecken - Industriestadt , Schramberg 2004, pp. 55–82.