Hertingen in the Markgräflerland

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Hertingen
Bad Bellingen municipality
Former coat of arms of Hertingen
Coordinates: 47 ° 43 ′ 26 "  N , 7 ° 35 ′ 12"  E
Height : 332 m
Area : 5.65 km²
Residents : 609  (Jul 2, 2013)
Population density : 108 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 79415
Area code : 07635

Hertingen has been part of the Bad Bellingen community in Markgräflerland since January 1st, 1975 . The village with around 600 inhabitants is located southeast of Bad Bellingen in a hilly landscape characterized by vineyards .

geography

In a wide valley floor east of the ancient country road running north-south - today the B3 - the village of Hertingen is surrounded by fields and meadows.

history

prehistory

The first recorded mention (Hertingen) dates from 1064. The settlement is likely to be much older. Isolated finds of flint tools presumably come from wandering hunters and collectors of the Old Stone Age . A plate grave discovered north of the village could just as easily be of Celtic as Alemannic origin; no observations decisive for the age determination could be made during the discovery.

Reliable traces of settlement only came from the Roman era . Two small smelting furnaces for smelting floor ore from the Hertingen forest were observed at a villa rustica . The estate itself with a larger residential building and other buildings was located near today's B3 . Several tesserae suggest lavishly furnished rooms that have yet to be finally uncovered. The smelting of iron ore by the Romans in the first or second century AD could be a continuation of the Celtic use of raw materials. The wealth of sources in the Hertinger valley allowed court foundations in several places during the Alemannic period. Some court names have been handed down from the 13th and 14th centuries:

- Meierhof;
- Münchweiler Hof;
- Hummelhof;
- St. Margareten Hof.

They were owned by various ecclesiastical and secular masters.

Local rule

The Propstei Bürgeln was also one of the landowners . It is assumed that the place came to the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg early on because of their castvogtei via the Bürgeln provost . Until 1733 the local rulership was in the hands of the barons of Rotberg , namely with the Protestant line, which is why the village also became Protestant. It is not clear when the family acquired local rule as a fiefdom of the margraves. On June 25, 1733, the Rotberg resolved a legal dispute with the margraves of Baden-Durlach by selling their rights in the village to the margraves.

Thirty Years' War

During the Thirty Years War , Swedish and imperial troops destroyed Hertingen along with other places during their raids through the upper margraviate. Forty years later, it was pillaged by French soldiers. The reconstruction of the severely tested village took place in the following years further down in the valley.

Franco-Russian War 1812/13

After Napoleon's Russian campaign ended in disaster in 1812 , in the beginning of 1813 - during the Wars of Liberation - first Prussia and Austria , later also the German Rhine Confederation states dominated by France, switched to the Russian side and contributed to Napoleon's defeat and abdication in 1814.

In 1813, Russian billeting was in Hertingen. The revolutionary years 1848/49 brought Baden and Hessian soldiers into the village, who were also involved in the battle on the Scheideck near Kandern on April 20, 1848, in which the revolutionaries under Hecker suffered a severe defeat and during which the leader of the regular Military, Freiherr Friedrich von Gagern, found death.

Franco-German War 1870/71

In August 1870, after France declared war, the Hertingen reservists had to move in. In memory of earlier incursions by the French, the idea of ​​fleeing to the Black Forest in an emergency was considered. When French mobile guards crossed the Rhine near Bellingen, carts with children, women, beds, sacks of flour and small wine kegs rolled up from the threatened village. The Kanderner Schützengesellschaft, alarmed by a Hertingen citizen, approached and quickly drove the intruders back across the river. The refugees were able to return home and things remained quiet on the Upper Rhine in the period that followed. The artilleryman Johann (Hans) Christian Henn from Hertingen received special praise: he had shot the cross on the cathedral tower during the siege of Strasbourg .

First World War

18 men from Hertingen were missing or killed in the First World War.

Second World War

During the Second World War, the residents had to leave their homes from September 3 to December 24, 1939 and were accommodated in the Lake Constance area. Apparently the decision-makers feared a French attack: England and France had declared war on the German Reich shortly after the attack on Poland began . But initially they did not attack (" Sitzkrieg ").

During the last months of the war in 1944/45 a number of houses were damaged by artillery fire. 36 men did not return from the war.

church

Evangelical Church Hertingen

In Klein-Hertingen, a submerged group of courtyards near today's Bundesstraße 3, there was a chapel with the patronage of St. Peter, which indicates a great age (8th / 9th centuries). In the 14th century the chapel had the status of a parish church, later it was referred to as a branch of (Groß-) Hertingen; there has been no talk of it since the 16th century.

The original place Hertingen was higher on the slope and thus on the federal highway 3 than the present place. His church with the fenced off churchyard was in the middle of the settlement. The cemetery has remained to this day; the church was demolished in 1785 when the foundation stone for the new Evangelical Church in Hertingen was laid in the center of today's town.

Mill

Around 1800 a mill rattled in the valley, which appeared in 1718 as a leaning mill of the Rötteln lordship in the possession of the Lords of Rotberg and Leutrum , but later (around 1800–1811) appeared in private ownership and still in 1930, as it was partially powered by electricity, and turned into a roller mill rebuilt, worked.

Community reform in 1975

Until the community reform in the early 1970s, the Hertingen community was independent with its own administrative center. Due to the community reform decided by the state parliament in the early 1970s, the representatives of the Hertingen community had to decide between merging with the communities of Bad Bellingen, Bamlach and Rheinweiler or joining the community of Schliengen. That is why Bad Bellingen was created in its current form on January 1st, 1975.

Since none of the municipalities was dominant in terms of the number of inhabitants during the municipal reform, the local constitution was agreed with the mayor and the local constitution for all four municipalities, but only for one electoral period at that time. The local constitution expired in the 1994 electoral term. It was no longer extended, which means that Friedrich Krenzlin remains the last incumbent mayor in Hertingen.

Personalities

Johann Peter Lever

Johann Peter Hebel lived in Hertingen from 1780–83 and was vicar there .

Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz

The Livonian writer Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz (1751–1792) lived in Hertingen from January 1779 until the summer of that year, where Johann Georg Schlosser had sent him to treat his mental health problems. It is likely that he was being treated by the surgeon Johann Georg Kaspar Zollikofer (1737–1799), who maintained a house in Hertingen that housed people with mental illnesses, as the Hertingen local history researcher Hubert Gilgin suspected. The location of this house in the town can no longer be determined. In the summer of 1779 Jakob Lenz was picked up by his brother Carl Lenz in Hertingen, who traveled with him to Livonia.

Buildings

Regular events

Grass track race on the Markgräflerring

Every August, the MSC Rebland organizes an international floodlit grass track race with the help of the Hertingen citizens (and also helpers from the surrounding area) . The helpers all work on a voluntary basis.

Lever knobs

Also once a year, usually at the beginning of autumn, friends and lovers of the Alemannic language meet for a “pint” in Hertingen. Here, in memory of Johann Peter Hebel, the old local dialect comes to life again.

Timber auction

Usually on the last weekend of January, residents and citizens from surrounding villages meet in the community forest. The community's own wood can be purchased there. The event is hosted alternately by the local clubs.

literature

  • Werner Schär: Hertingen - From its history ; Ed. Ühlin Schopfheim 1966; Extract from: "The Markgräflerland" - contributions to its history and culture; Volume 28, Issue 1, 1966, pp. 1-44
  • Willi Werth: Roman iron smelting in the "Hebelhof" Hertingen , Basler Geographische Hefte No. 15, Basel 1977; Separate print from Regio Basiliensis XVIII / 1 (1977)
  • Willi Werth: Hertingen mine map from 1768 and discovery site Hebelhof . In: Das Markgräflerland (1977), p. 215ff.
  • Helmut Fehse / Günter Henn / Ursel Tanner: Local family book Hertingen 1565-2009. Part of the municipality of Bad Bellingen , published by the municipality of Bad Bellingen 2009 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 136)
  • Albert Krieger, Baden Historical Commission (Ed.): Topographical Dictionary of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Volume 1, Heidelberg 1904, Column 951 online at Heidelberg University Library
  • Johann Baptist von Kolb: Historical-statistical-topographical lexicon of the Grand Duchy of Baden: H - N , Volume 2, Karlsruhe 1814, p. 65/66 online in the Google book search
  • Adolf Schöpflin: Looking back on 80 years of “Hertinger Hebelschoppen” . In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1991, pp. 111–114
  • Heinrich Bücheler: JMR Lenz in Hertingen: a consideration . In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1994, pp. 181–184
  • Martin Keller: 86th Hertinger Hebelschoppen. In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 1/1997, pp. 168–169 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ s. Thomas Simon: Grundherrschaft und Vogtei , Frankfurt am Main 1995, p. 420
  2. ^ Josef Bader (editor): Archival documents of the landlord. von Rotberg'schen Archives in Rheinweiler . In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine, Volume 19 NF (1904), p. M110 online in the Internet Archive
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 521 .
  4. ↑ Homepage of the motorsport club