Heterometrus madraspatensis
| Heterometrus madraspatensis | ||||||||||||
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| Heterometrus madraspatensis | ||||||||||||
| ( Pocock , 1900) |
Heterometrus madraspatensis is an Indian scorpion in the Scorpionidae family .
description
Heterometrus madraspatensis is a rather small scorpion with a body length of 70 to 100 millimeters compared to other scorpions of the genus Heterometrus with a reddish-brown to black basic color. The legs and the telson are yellow to yellowish or reddish brown, and always lighter than the body. In adult male scorpions and in some female animals, the carapace is sparsely covered with granules over the entire surface. In young animals and most female scorpions, it is mostly smooth and only has a few granules on the edges. The combs of the comb organ have 12 to 18 teeth in both sexes. The chelae of the Pedipalpen are lobed and narrower in the male animals, with a length to width ratio of 2 to 2.5 to 1. In the female animals the ratio is about 1.7 to 1.9 to 1. The upper sides of the Chelae are covered with dense round granules that do not form keels. The femora and patella of the pedipalps are more elongated in males than in females. The telson is hairy and its poisonous bladder is as long as or longer than the poisonous sting .
Heterometrus madraspatensis is similar in its morphology to the species Heterometrus fulvipes . The male specimens of the two species can be distinguished from one another by the different forms of the Chealae; this possibility does not exist with female specimens.
distribution and habitat
The Terra typica of Heterometrus madraspatensis was first described as Madras (today Chennai , in the state of Tamil Nadu, 13 ° 5 ′ N , 80 ° 17 ′ E ), Cuddapah (today Kadapa in Andhra Pradesh, 14 ° 28 ′ N , 78 ° 49 ′ E ) and Secunderabad (in Telangana State , 17 ° 27 ′ N , 78 ° 30 ′ E ). These localities are in the center and in the southern part of India.
After a revision of the genus and assessment of the type material and further collection copies, Kovařík only indicated the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh as the distribution area of Heterometrus madraspatensis . A find later became known in Maharashtra state .
Systematics
Initial description
It was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1900 as a subspecies of Heterometrus fulvipes .
Type material
When he revised the genus Heterometrus in 2004, the Czech arachnologist František Kovařík had two male specimens from the locality, which he defined as lectotype and paralectotype. These specimens are in the collection of the Natural History Museum in London . In addition, Kovařík examined a male paratype of Heterometrus granulomanus Couzijn , 1981 before, which comes from the collection of the Senckenberg Research Institute and Nature Museum in Frankfurt am Main.
etymology
The species name is derived from the proper name of the city of Madras, in which one of the type localities is located. Today the city is called Chennai, it is the capital of the Indian state Tamil Nadu.
Synonyms (chronological)
- Palamnaeus fulvipes madraspatensis Pocock , 1900 : the name was given by Pocock in his first description, but the genus Palamnaeus had already been declared a synonym for Heterometrus by Ferdinand Karsch in 1879 .
- Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus) fulvipes Couzijn , 1981 (partially): HWC Couzijn described the subgenus Chersonesometrus in 1981, in which he also placed Heterometrus fulvipes . He synonymized the subspecies madraspatensis with the nominate form. He justified this with the fact that the only differences between the two species were the length and width ratios of the male Chelae, which, however, were within normal fluctuation ranges.
- Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus) granulomanus Couzijn , 1981 : this new species was described by HWC Couzijn in 1981. It was synonymous with Heterometrus madraspatensis in 2004 by Kovařík .
- Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus) madraspatensis Tikader & Bastawade , 1983 : the Indian arachnologists BK Tikader and DB Bastawade awarded Heterometrus madraspatensis in their 1983 monograph on the scorpions of India species status. They kept the sub-genera described by Couzijn. The subgenus Chersonesometrus and all other subgenera of Heterometrus described by Couzijn were repealed in 2004 by František Kovařík in his revision of the genus Heterometrus .
literature
- František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828, with descriptions of seven new species (Scorpiones, Scorpionidae). In: Euscorpius , 2004, No. 15, pp. 1-60, online PDF , 6.3 MB.
- Reginald Innes Pocock: Arachnida. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor & Francis, London 1900, p. 88, digitized .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 27.
- ↑ a b c d František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 29.
- ↑ a b c Reginald Innes Pocock: Arachnida. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. , P. 88.
- ^ František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 52.
- ↑ Satish Pande et al .: Diversity of scorpion fauna of Saswad-Jejuri, Pune District, Maharashtra, western India. In: Journal of Threatened Taxa 2012, Volume 4, No. 2, pp. 2381-2389, here p. 2385, doi : 10.11609 / JoTT.o2910.2381-9 .
- ↑ Gérard Dupré: Dictionary of scientific scorpion names. In: Arachnides. Bulletin de Terrariophile et de Recherche 2016, Supplement to No. 78, p. 37, Online PDF , 560 kB.
- ^ Ferdinand Karsch: Scorpionological contributions. I. In: Mitteilungen des Münchener Entomologische Verein 1879, Volume 3, No. 1, pp. 6–22, here p. 20, digitized .
- ^ A b H. WC Couzijn: Revision of the genus Heterometrus. In: Zoologische Verhandelingen 1981, Volume 184, No. 1, pp. 1–196 (also dissertation, University of Leiden 1981), here pp. 133–136, online PDF , 18.6 MB.
- ↑ HWC Couzijn: Revision of the genus Heterometrus, pp. 142-143.
- ^ František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 4.
- ↑ BK Tikader and DB Bastawade: Scorpions (Scorpionida: Arachnida). The Fauna of India, Vol. 3. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta 1983, pp. 630-635, Online PDF , 30 MB.