Hethis

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Hethis (also Hethi ) is the place where the first monastery was founded in the state of Saxony - today roughly equivalent to the German state of Lower Saxony and the area of Westphalia . It was founded a few years after the subjugation and Christianization of the Saxons. The monastery only existed for a few years and is the forerunner of the Corvey monastery in today's Höxter . Hethis has not yet been precisely located .

history

The founding of the monastery is attributed to Hathumar , the first Paderborn bishop . It was founded as a branch of the Abbey of Corbie under Ludwig the Pious in 815 at a place called "Hethis" and after a few years, in September 822, relocated to Corvey. Hethis was thus the forerunner of the Corvey Monastery, which developed into an important cultural center in north-western Europe in the 9th and 10th centuries .

The move of the monks from Hethis to Corvey in September 822 is said to have taken longer than a day's journey :

"On the 25th of this month the elders and the convent students left the place where they had lived with all their belongings and arrived on the other day in the newly determined place."

Localization

Where Hethis was is disputed. There are essentially two directions in the literature: According to one opinion, Hethis is said to have been near Neuhaus in Solling , according to another opinion, not far from the Externsteine .

The presumed location near Neuhaus im Solling is about ten kilometers as the crow flies from Corvey. It is not known why the monks would not have arrived in Corvey until the next day when they moved. In Neuhaus there was a pond ("Möncheteich") that is said to have belonged to the monastery.

In the opinion of Walther Matthes , Hethis is said to have been at the Externsteinen (approx. 40 km from Corvey), on their northern foreground. Matthes explains this thesis in detail in his work Corvey and the Externsteine .

Wilhelm Teudt had already argued in a similar direction . He said that the Gierke farm in Oesterholz , southwest of the Externsteine, was the sought-after location of the Hethis monastery. Teudt consciously uses the place name as "Hethi" instead of "Hethis".

Another place that is associated with Hethis due to its name history is the Lippische Heiden . There has been evidence of an unusually large church there since the early Middle Ages , which could originally have been the monastery church.

Excavations near Neuhaus

A joint research project of the seminar for prehistory and early history of the Georg-August University in Göttingen and the archaeological monument preservation of the district of Holzminden investigated a site in 1999 near the Ahlequelle south of Neuhaus.

Under the direction of the archaeologists Hans-Georg Stephan and Stefan Krabath , an area of ​​1,100 square meters was excavated. Directly under the sward, they came across roughly six by twelve meter floor plans made of unprocessed red sandstone. Whether these discovered relics are the remains of the monastery of Hethis could not be proven.

literature

  • Beate Johlen: The effects of the Counter Reformation on the sacred building of the 17th century. Reform and tradition using the example of the reconstruction of the former Benedictine abbey church in Corvey / Westphalia in 1667. Dissertation. Philosophical Faculty of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 2000, p. 135 ( pdf online )
  • Ulrich Kahrstedt: Hethis Monastery. In: Lower Saxony Yearbook for State History . Volume 29, 1957, p. 196 ff.
  • Stefan Krabath: Hethis / Hetha, a submerged monastery in Hochsolling near Neuhaus. In: Sollinger Heimatblätter. History and culture magazine. No. 2, 2000, pp. 6-11.
  • Herbert Krüger: Where was Hethis, the place where the first Corvey monastery was founded? Mannus 24, Leipzig, 1932 pp. 320-32
  • Walther Matthes: Corvey and the Externsteine. Urachhaus publishing house, Stuttgart 1982.
  • Balzer Rock: Hethis, the place where the first monastery was founded in Lower Saxony. Reprint No. 12 of the Heimatblätter for Northeim and the surrounding area. Museum Association, Northeim 1937.
  • Wilhelm Teudt: Germanic sanctuaries. 4th edition. Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Jena 1936. Reprint: Facsimile-Verlag, Bremen 1982.
  • Paul Wigand : History of the royal abbey Corvey and the cities of Corvey and Höxter. Höxter 1819.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Susanne Jahns: The later Holocene history of vegetation, land-use and settlements around the Ahlequellmoor in the Solling area, Germany . In: Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 15 (2006), Issue 1, pp. 57–63, here p. 57.
    Anton Christian Wedekind : Notes on some historians of the German Middle Ages , Volume 1. Perthes and Besser, Hamburg, 1821, p. 374-375.
  2. ↑ Birgit Meinecke: The place names of the Lippe district (= Westphalian place name book. Volume 2). Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2010, p. 208ff.
  3. ↑ Hans Hüls: Heiden in Lippe. On the genesis and structure of a village habitat (= Spieker. Regional studies articles and reports. Volume 22). Self-published by the Geographical Commission for Westphalia, Münster 1974, p. 107f.
  4. ↑ Stefan Krabath: Hethis / Hetha, a sunken monastery in Hochsolling near Neuhaus. In: Sollinger Heimatblätter. History and culture magazine. No. 2, 2000, p. 9. Publisher Sollingverein Uslar eV

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