Wooden library
A wooden library or xylotheque (from the Greek ξύλον xylon 'wood' and θήκη theke 'storage place') is a collection of wood and other components of various tree species . The individual exhibits are designed in the form of books .
Wooden book
A box, made of the wood of the tree, contains other components inside, for example dried leaves and fruits . The narrow side of the box is pasted and labeled with the bark of the tree in the form of a book spine .
history
While herbaria were already being made in the Middle Ages, wooden collections did not appear until the 18th century, under the designation of wooden cabinets (based on the natural history cabinets of the time). While these things initially served purely as collection objects, under the influence of the Enlightenment and the taxonomy of Carl von Linné , the approach was increasingly systematic. The wooden libraries emerged at the end of the 18th century from the idea of presenting wood and plants as a whole. This makes them a contemporary document about the condition and perception of the forests.
Examples of wooden libraries
- The Schildbach wooden library in the Ottoneum in Kassel was created by Carl Schildbach between 1771 and 1799 and contains 530 volumes. It is considered to be the very first wooden library and is unsurpassed in its richness of detail and scope; in the following years it served as a model for many natural objects collections. The objects were selected from the point of view: "Collection of wood species, so Hessenland naturally produces".
- The Hohenheim wood library today consists of 189 books, which are divided into a linguistically older A series (44 volumes) and a linguistically more modern, apparently a little younger B series (145 volumes). Your location is the University of Hohenheim .
- Ebersberg wood library, created by Candid Huber (1747–1813), a Benedictine monk from the Niederaltaich monastery. It can be seen today in the Ebersberg Forest and Environment Museum. Another 130 or so books from Huber's work can be found in the library of the Cistercian Abbey of Lilienfeld in Austria and two collections with 145 and 117 exhibits, respectively, in the wood research in Munich .
- Wooden library at Guttenberg Castle , 93 volumes.
- In the Museum for Forestry Experiments of the former Mariabrunn Forest Academy in Vienna there is a xylotheque of the most important tree species in Austria and a collection of around 1500 wood species.
- The wood collection on the wood campus Hamburg-Bergedorf is one of the largest collections in the world.
literature
- Anne Feuchter-Schawelka: Carl Schildbach's 'Wooden Library According to a Self -Chosen Plan' from 1788. Natural History Museum in the Ottoneum, Kassel 2001; Reprinted in 2012. Available from the museum.
- Anne Feuchter-Schawelka, Winfried Freitag, Dietger Grosser: Old wood collections. The Ebersberg wood library: predecessor, role model and successor. In: The district of Ebersberg. History and present. Volume 8, 2001, Deutscher Sparkassen Verlag, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-933859-08-5 .
- Dietger Grosser: The wooden libraries of the Benedictine monk Candid Huber using the example of the “Waldsassen copy”. In: Res naturae. The Upper Palatinate Monasteries and the Gifts of Creation. Edited by Manfred Knedlik, Georg Schrott. Kallmünz 2006, pp. 91-104, ISBN 3-7847-1189-8 .
- Mathilde Rahmann, Hinrich Rahmann, Barbara Gericke, Thomas Plöttner: The Hohenheim wood library. In: Hohenheim themes. Journal for cultural studies topics. Vol. 1 (1992), pp. 65-111.
Web links
- Directory of wood libraries
- Structure of a wooden book based on an example from the Schildbach wood library
- The Hohenheim wood library digital
- Bettina Vaupel: The forest in the box , Monuments Online 4.2012
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hohenheim Wood Library
- ↑ http://bfw.ac.at/rz/bfwcms.web?dok=704
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from June 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ description of a Holz⸗Bibliothek by self-chosen plan drafted by Carl shield Bach. J. F. Estienne, o.O. (Cassel) 1788 (on Google Books ).
