Hugo Braun

Hugo Braun (born April 7, 1881 in Prague , Austria-Hungary ; died November 19, 1963 in Munich ) was a German doctor , hygienist and microbiologist who worked in Istanbul for 16 years and is considered the founder of modern hygiene in Turkey .

Life

Braun was born on April 7, 1881, the son of the Jewish businessman and factory owner Alois Braun and his wife Karoline Stern. He attended elementary school in the Bohemian city of Prague. He passed his matriculation examination in 1900 at the grammar school in Prague. He began studying medicine at the German Charles University in Prague , which he successfully completed on March 16, 1907. He also received his doctorate in Prague . During his studies he had already worked at the Hygiene Institute at Prague University, where he also worked as an assistant doctor and published his first scientific work. In 1908 he became an assistant at the Pharmacological Institute in Prague, and in 1909 he moved to the Hygiene Institute in Bremen . In 1910 he became an assistant at the bacteriological department in Berlin. After moving to the Hygiene Institute in Frankfurt am Main , where he also worked as an assistant in pathology between 1909 and 1912, in 1911 he became a Prussian citizen in 1913 . From 1912 to 1913 he worked on behalf of the German Reich in German East Africa. During the First World War he served as a hygiene specialist in the 18th Army .

From 1914 to 1916 Braun took over from Max Neisser as professor at the Hygiene Institute at today's Goethe University in Frankfurt . In 1916 he was commissioned by the Reich Ministry of War to investigate cholera and typhus, completed his habilitation with the resulting research under Neisser and was appointed private lecturer in serology at the Frankfurt University on October 1, 1916 . From 1918 on, he headed the bacteriological department at Frankfurt University as an associate professor. Appointed to Heidelberg University in 1920 , he taught immunology and serology there and was appointed full professor in 1921 as the successor to serologist Hans Sachs . In March 1931 he was awarded the Paul Ehrlich Prize for his research into the metabolism of bacteria . Due to the law for the restoration of the civil service , his teaching license was withdrawn in 1933, whereupon he, following a call from the University of Istanbul , fled to Turkey like other German scholars (see Exile in Turkey 1933–1945 ).

After his emigration in the autumn of 1933, he was a full professor at the Chair of Hygiene and Microbiology in Istanbul until 1949. He became director of the Institute for Microbiology, Epidemiology and Parasitology. In 1949 Braun returned to Germany and was recalled by the Munich Medical Faculty from March 1950 as Professor of Hygiene at the University of Munich . He was later director of the Hygiene Institute and the German Research Institute for Tuberculosis (then renamed the Ludolph Brauer Institute ) in Munich. He worked at the university until his death in 1963.

Braun published around 180 works, primarily on protozoa , trypanosomes , syphilis , heredity and serology . In 1960 he received the Robert Koch Prize . The Braun-Husler reaction is named after Braun.

Braun was married to Elisabeth Stadt (1889–1951) from 1914. The couple had three children together.

Publications (selection)

Hugo Braun had written 168 scientific papers.

• with T. Teichmann: Attempts to immunize against trypanosomes. Jena 1912.
• with R. Goldschmidt: The methods of animal-experimental wound infection. Berlin 1927.
• with K. Hofmeier and GV Holzhausen: The question of inheritance in the doctrine of immunity against infectious diseases (= handbook of path. Microorganisms. Volume 1, delivery 29). 1929.
• Methods of studying the use metabolism of pathogenic bacteria. Munich 1930.
• On the nutritional physiology of the tubercle bacilli. In: Clinical weekly. Volume 14, No. 1, (Berlin) 1935.
• Lekeli Tifo hakkında. About typhus. İstanbul Seririyatı. Kader Bsmv., 1936 (6 pages).
• Report on the current state of research into the etiology of influenza. İstanbul Seririyatı, No. 10/11. Squad Bsmv. İstanbul, 1937 (10 pages).
• with Ziya Öktem: Mikrobiyoloji ve Salgınlar Bilgisi, ikinci cilt. 1938.
• with EK Unat: Tüberküloz Mikrobu, Tüberküloz, Mazlum Kitapevi. Istanbul 1943.
• Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar. Translated into Turkish by Ziya Öktem. Maarif Matbassı, Ankara 1944.
• with F. Gök and H. Gence: Salmonellaların Fermantasyon Kabiliyetlerinde Azot Kaynağının Rolü hakkında. Tıp Fak. Mec. Monografi Serisi, 1950.

literature

• Renate Heuer , Siegbert Wolf (ed.): The Jews of the Frankfurt University (=  campus judaica . Volume 6 ). Campus Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1997, ISBN 3-593-35502-7 , p. 38-40 .
• Ali Vicdani Doyum: Alfred Kantorowicz with special consideration of his work in İstanbul (A contribution to the history of modern dentistry). Medical dissertation, Würzburg 1985, pp. 50, 89-93 and 148 f.
• A. Grumbach: On the 80th birthday of Prof. Dr. med. Hugo Braun . Zurich.
• Werner Röder; Herbert A. Strauss (Ed.): International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933–1945 . Volume 2.1. Munich: Saur, 1983 ISBN 3-598-10089-2 , p. 145

Individual evidence

1. ↑ On the night of November 18-19, obituary in the Chronik der Universität München 1964, p.
2. ↑ Ali Vicdani Doyum: Alfred Kantorowicz with special reference to his work in İstanbul (A contribution to the history of modern dentistry). 1985, p. 89.