Hun Sen

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Hun Sen

Samdech Hun Sen (born August 5, 1952 in Peam Koh Sna, Kampong Cham Province ) is a Cambodian politician . He has been General Secretary of the Cambodian People's Party ( French Parti populaire Cambodgien , abbreviated PPC) since 2015 and Prime Minister since 1985 . The name part Samdech was given to him in 1993 by King Norodom Sihanouk as an honorary title.

politics

Sen was born the third of six children to a farming family. At the age of 13 he left his homeland to study in a Buddhist monastery school in Phnom Penh. When Prince Sihanouk was overthrown by Lon Nol in March 1970 , he joined the guerrillas of the Khmer Rouge in the countryside. He was wounded five times during the Cambodian Civil War , with the worst injury that cost him left eyesight in April 1975, shortly before the fall of the capital, when he was commanding a battalion . At a mass wedding ordered by Pol Pot , he married Bun Sam Hieng, better known as Bun Rany, in early January 1976, after both of them refused Angka- ordered marriages and insisted on their marriage, which had been a dangerous move. In the same year, the marriage resulted in a child who died shortly after birth. In June 1977 relations between Vietnam and the " Democratic Kampuchea " deteriorated drastically. When Sen received an order to attack Vietnamese villagers in Cambodia's eastern administrative zone earlier that month and learned that 20 of his comrades had been murdered in the killing fields , he and 200 of his men defected to the Vietnamese.

In late 1978, in preparation for the invasion of Cambodia, Vietnam founded the United Movement for the Rescue of Cambodia (VBRK), which consisted of soldiers and party cadres who had fled the genocide in Cambodia and the political cleansing in the killing fields in Vietnam. Hanoi installed Sen as one of the leading figures alongside Heng Samrin and Chea Sim . After the Vietnamese People's Army overthrew Pol Pot in early January 1979 and drove the Khmer Rouge out of the capital, Sen became Foreign Minister of the People's Republic of Kampuchea . The exact date of his entry into the People's Revolutionary Party of Cambodia (VRPK) is not known. In January 1985, Sen became Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Cambodia and head of the Council of Ministers . During this time he fought the Khmer Rouge, who, together with the supporters of Sihanouk and Son Sann, waged a guerrilla war against Phnom Penh and controlled areas in the western border area with Thailand. After international peace negotiations, the Vietnamese People's Army withdrew from Cambodia in 1989, which was now officially called the State of Cambodia. On October 19, 1991, four days before the signing of the Paris Peace Accords , which ended the second Cambodian civil war , Sen became vice chairman of the PRPK. At the same meeting, the committee decided to rename the VRPK to the PPC. New party goals were the creation of a multi-party system and freedom of business and religion , with Buddhism being established as the state religion .

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In 1993 the Hun Sens party achieved only the second-best result in the elections supervised by the United Nations , but he was appointed to the so-called "second prime minister" alongside Prince Norodom Ranariddh (the "first prime minister"). Against the background of violent political disputes between Hun Sen and Prince Norodom Ranariddh, Hun Sen unceremoniously dismissed it in a coup in 1997 and ruled alone from then on. Also in 2003 the CCP failed to win a majority and to form a government. It was not until 2004 that, with the mediation of King Norodom Sihanouk, a political compromise was reached and an effective government was formed under the leadership of Hun Sen.

Although Hun Sen was a member of the communist Khmer Rouge until 1977 , investigations have so far found no links to the killings under Pol Pot's rule . Nevertheless, Hun Sen is regarded as a man without scruples who does not shy away from murdering political rivals and opponents . Hun Sen has close ties to big business , including the notorious tycoon Teng Bunma , who gives the CCP massive financial support. Despite his corrupt machinations and involvement in the illegal export of precious wood , Hun Sen continues to enjoy great support from abroad, as he is considered the only politician who has control over the military , police , judiciary and administration and thus a certain stability in Cambodia able to guarantee.

With regard to the International Khmer Rouge Tribunal , which has been planned for years , Hun Sen is accused of deliberately delaying the prosecution and conviction of the Khmer Rouge officials involved in the genocide in Cambodia for years.

“I would rather let this tribunal fail than watch a new civil war break out in this country. There is nothing to shake. The tribunal should focus on the former leaders of the Khmer Rouge who are already indicted. "

- Hun Sen

Private life

He and his wife Bun Rany have three sons and two daughters. In 1988 the couple adopted an 18-day-old girl. The family is almost never reported.

literature

  • Markus Karbaum: Cambodia under Hun Sen. Informal institutions, political culture and legitimacy to rule. LIT, Münster 2008, ISBN 978-3-8258-1645-2 .
  • Harish C. Mehta, Julie B. Mehta: Strongman: The Extraordninary Life of Hun Sen. Marshall Cavendisch, Singapore 2013, ISBN 978-981436-129-3 .
  • Sebastian Strangio: Hun Sen's Cambodia. Yale University, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19072-4 .

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Harish C. Metha, Julie B. Mehta: Strongman: The Extraordninary Life of Hun Sen. pp. 84-86 .
  2. ↑ Arthur J. Dommen, Stephen Denney: Hun Sen . In: Paul R. Bartrop, Steven Leonard Jacobs (Eds.): Modern Genocide: The Definitive Resource and Document Collection . Volume 1. ABC-Clio, Santa Barbara 2015, ISBN 978-1-61069-363-9 , pp. 500–501, here: p. 500.
    Ben Kiernan : The Pol Pot Regime. Race, Power and Genocide in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge, 1975-1979 . 2nd Edition. Yale University Press, New Haven (CT) 2002. Silkworm Books, Chiang Mai (Thailand) 2005, ISBN 974-9575-71-7 , p. 370.
  3. ^ Daniel Chandler: Kampuchea United Front for National Salvation . In: Paul R. Bartrop, Steven Leonard Jacobs (Eds.): Modern Genocide: The Definitive Resource and Document Collection . Volume 1. ABC-Clio, Santa Barbara 2015, ISBN 978-1-61069-363-9 , p. 507 .
  4. ↑ Arthur J. Dommen, Stephen Denney: Hun Sen . In: Paul R. Bartrop, Steven Leonard Jacobs (Eds.): Modern Genocide: The Definitive Resource and Document Collection . Volume 1. ABC-Clio, Santa Barbara 2015, ISBN 978-1-61069-363-9 , pp. 500–501, here: p. 500 .
  5. ↑ Bernd Musch-Borowska: Pleading in the first Khmer Rouge trial: verdict against chief torturer “Duch” is getting closer. In: tagesschau.de. November 23, 2009, archived from the original on November 26, 2009 ; accessed on August 5, 2019 .
  6. ↑ AP: Cambodian PM cuts ties with gay daughter , TheAge.com.au, October 30, 2007
personal data
SURNAME Hun Sen
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Samdech Hun Sen
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Cambodian politician
DATE OF BIRTH 5th August 1952
PLACE OF BIRTH Peam Koh Sna