Idiom neutral
Idiom neutral | ||
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Project author | Waldemar Rosenberger | |
Year of publication | 1902 | |
speaker | Few | |
Linguistic classification |
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Language codes | ||
ISO 639 -1 |
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ISO 639 -2 |
art (other planned languages) |
Idiom neutral is a planned language that was presented in 1902 by Waldemar Rosenberger in the "Akademi Internasional de Lingu Universal" ( Academy of World Language ). The language is based on the planned language Volapük .
history
After Esperanto, a planned language that was much more naturalistic than Volapük, was introduced, the Volapük supporters developed their language into a neutral idiom, taking into account aspects that Ludwig Zamenhof had already considered . This language was the first naturalistically conceived planned language and had a great influence on the further development of the various planned languages. Giuseppe Peano's attempt to draw on the basis of the Western European languages in the same way led to the development of Latino sine flexione or Interlingua in 1903 .
grammar
Nouns and adjectives
Unlike Esperanto and Ido , nouns can end on any letter. There is no case inflection . The plural is formed by suffixing -i.
Example:
- dom (a, the house)
- de dom (of the house)
- a dom (the house)
- dom (a, the house)
Plural: domi (the houses, houses)
Adjectives can also end on any letter. They are usually placed after the noun and not in congruence with the noun. They are increased with plu for the comparative and leplu for the superlative.
Verbs
Verbs are conjugated as follows.
- Infinitive : amar (dt .: to love)
- Present tense : mi am (German: I love)
- Past tense : mi amav (German: I loved)
- Future tense: mi amero (German: I will love)
- Perfect : mi av amed (German: I loved)
- Past Perfect : Wed AVAV amed (dt .: I loved)
- Future tense II: mi avero amed (German: I will have loved)
- Subjunctive I: mi amerio (German: I would love)
- Subjunctive II: mi averio amed (German: I would have loved)
- Imperative singular: ama! (st .: love!)
- Imperative plural: amate! (Eng .: loves!)
- Imperative plural (1st person): amam! (German: let's love!)
- Present participle : amant (dt .: loving)
- Past participle: amed (German: loved)
Passive is formed with esar (German: to be) and the past participle: mi es amed (German: I am loved).
Other parts of speech
There are no articles in the idiom neutral , neither indefinite nor definite. Adverbs can be created from adjectives using the -e suffix . For example, prepositions are created with the suffix -u.
The cardinal numbers are 1 un, 2 du, 3 tri, 4 kuatr, 5 kuink, 6 seks, 7 sept, 8 oct, 9 nov and 10 des as well as 100 sent and 1000 mil. The remaining numbers are formed by compositions: 11 desun, 24 dudeskuatr.
vocabulary
In the idiom neutral, unlike in the Volapük, an attempt was made to keep the vocabulary as international as possible. It is made up of seven different European languages : English , French , German , Spanish , Russian as well as Italian and Latin . On the other hand, Rosenberger's developers did not succeed in avoiding homophonies within the vocabulary.
Language examples
The Our Father in idiom neutral, translated by Rosenberger in 1902:
- Nostr Patr, kel es in sieli,
- Ke votr nom es sanktifiked;
- Ke votr regnia veni;
- Ke votr volu es fasied
- Kuale in siel tale et su ter.
- Dona sidiurne a noi nostr pan omnidiurnik,
- E pardona a noi nostr debiti
- Kuale et noi pardon a nostr debtatori
- E no induka noi in tentasion,
- Ma librifika noi da it mal.
Web links
- Dictionary of the neutral language (idiom neutral) (von Rosenberger, 1902; Google Book Search)