Infantry machine gun DP
| Infantry machine gun DP | |
|---|---|
|
|
| general information | |
| Military designation: | Machine gun Degtjarjow DP 1928 |
| Country of operation: | Soviet Union |
| Developer / Manufacturer: | Wassili Alexejewitsch Degtjarjow |
| Manufacturer country: | Soviet Union |
| Production time: | since 1927 |
| Model variants: | DP, DPT, DPM, DPA, RP-46 |
| Weapon Category: | Machine gun |
| Furnishing | |
| Overall length: | 1266 mm |
| Barrel length : | 605 mm |
| Technical specifications | |
| Caliber : | 7.62 × 54 mm rows |
| Ammunition supply : | Plate magazine (designed for 49 cartridges, but was only loaded with 47 due to technical problems) |
| Cadence : | 600 rounds / min |
| Fire types: | Continuous fire |
| Number of trains : | 4th |
| Twist : | right |
| Closure : | Support flap lock |
| Charging principle: | Gas pressure charger |
| Lists on the subject | |
The infantry machine gun DP ( Degtjarjow Pechotnij : Infanterie-Degtjarjow) is a light Soviet machine gun.
development
The MG was constructed by a collective under the direction of Vladimir Grigorjewitsch Fjodorow and Wassili Alexejewitsch Degtjarjow in the instrument factory No. 2 in Kovrov . The reason for the development was the improvement and standardization of the equipment of the Soviet army. The first test weapon came in 1923 with a belt feeder and on wheels. Shortly afterwards, another experimental weapon with a plate magazine and bipod came along. This was then carefully tested in the troops. In 1927, the DP proved its qualities in comparative shooting with the MG 13 (Dreyse) and the Maxim-Tokarew . It was introduced to the Red Army as the Model DP in 1928 . Since the construction still had a few problems (the troops complained, among other things, that the bipod was too unstable, changing the barrel too complicated and loading the magazine very awkwardly under combat conditions), it was further developed into the DPM. The DPM was introduced in 1944.
function
The DP is a closing gas pressure charger with a support flap lock. The gas piston actuates the firing pin , which in turn releases the locking pin . The barrel can be exchanged with a tool. A feature of the weapon is the plate magazine, which theoretically holds 49 cartridges 7.62 × 54 mm R. In practice, it was only filled with 47 cartridges to avoid jamming. The DP had a rifle butt.
The closing spring was located under the barrel and enclosed the gas piston. It got hot quickly and therefore did not have a long lifespan. That was changed with the DPM .
variants
DPM
The DPM, which was introduced in 1944, was equipped with a pistol grip and the recoil spring was placed in a separate housing above the piston behind the bolt . In addition, the rifle was equipped with a heavier barrel.
THERE
Aircraft on-board MG DA as a self-defense weapon.
DT
The DT version (T for tankowoj ) had a more massive barrel and a diopter sight. The perforated barrel jacket fell away. Together with a spherical shutter, it was used in most Soviet tanks.
DTM
The DTM was the Panzer MG variant of the DPM. It was installed as a rigid bow MG and as a coaxial turret MG in the T-44 and as a movable bow MG, movable turret rear MG and coaxial MG in the IS-II .
RP-46
The RP-46 ( Russian ротный пулемет образца 1946 года , transcription: Rotny pulemjot obrasza 1946 goda, German: company machine gun model 1946) was a further development of the DPM. Degtjarjow reinforced the barrel to allow longer continuous fire, changed the gas channel, which was now adjustable in three stages, and redesigned the ammunition feed. A belt guide mechanism was used in the receptacle of the plate magazine, which could be exchanged for the old plate magazines, so that the RP-46 could feed ammunition with plate magazines as well as with metal permanent belts. The standard belts for the Soviet rifle cartridge 7.62 × 54 mm R , which were also used in other machine guns, held 200 or 250 rounds.
The RD-46 was built under license in China as the Type 58.
MG120 (r)
As MG 120 (r) captured by the Wehrmacht and adapted to the German caliber 7.92 × 57 mm were designated DP.
successor
The DP was replaced by the RPD and the RP-46 . The RP-46 formed the end of the weapon system, to which the ammunition was now fed through cartridge belts.
literature
- Ilya Shaydurow: Russian firearms - types. Technology. Data. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-613-03187-6 .
- Philip Peterson (Ed.): Standard Catalog of Military Firearms: The Collector's Price and Reference Guide, Gun Digest Books, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4402-1451-6
- John Walter: Rifles of the World. Krause Publications, Wisconsin, IO 2006, ISBN 978-0-89689-241-5 .
Web links
- 75 лет ручному пулемёту Дегтярёва . April 22, 2010. Archived from the original on August 15, 2014. Retrieved on September 3, 2015.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Maxim Popenker: Degtyarov DP DPM RP-46. In: Modern Firearms. modernfirearms.net, accessed on September 13, 2019 .
- ^ MG 120 (r) - The light machine gun - Russian model Degtjarjow DP 28. (No longer available online.) VFF WTS Koblenz eV, archived from the original on February 11, 2016 ; accessed on February 11, 2016 .