Degtjarjowwerk

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Degtjarjowwerk

logo
legal form Open joint-stock company
founding August 27, 1916
Seat Kovrov , RussiaRussiaRussia 
Number of employees 10,269 (2012)
sales 12.1 billion rubles
Branch mechanical engineering
Website www.zid.ru
Last updated 2012

Factory entrance

The Degtjarjowwerk is a Russian arms manufacturer founded in 1916 in Kovrov , Vladimir Oblast . The current form of the company is an open joint stock company (ОАО), the full name is: OAO Zavod imeni “ W. А. Degtjarjowa “ , ( Russian ОАО“ Завод им. В. А. Дегтярёва ” ). The company's abbreviation is SiD ( Russian ЗиД ).

history

Madsen lMG in caliber 7.62 × 54 mm R

First World War to the October Revolution

On 27 August 1916, was in Kovrov First Russian rifle and machine-gun factory as a joint venture of the Petrograd Industrialists WA Hippius and DL Lurie and the Danish entrepreneur Karl winter and Soren Jensen established to the urgent needs of the tsarist army of light machine guns in World War I to cover. The plant's machinery and equipment came from Copenhagen .

In November 1916, building B was completed and equipped with machines, systems and assembly facilities. The energy supply was provided by two Swedish diesel generators. Some of the equipment came from the USA . Building A was only finished in 1918.

In January 1917, the plant was granted an exclusive license to produce "light Madsen machine guns with all accessories, for the delivery of such to the Russian army and navy in both war and peacetime". On January 28, 1917, a contract was signed with Department 21 of the Central Artillery Administration of the War Ministry of the Russian Empire (GAU) for the production and delivery of 15,000 machine guns at the price of 1733.30 rubles per weapon (with spare parts and accessories). Production should start within 5 months after the contract is signed. On August 12, 1917, the first four machine guns manufactured in Kovrov were tested and found to be defective.

From the October Revolution to the beginning of the Second World War

After the October Revolution , the Danish government protested against the nationalization of the plant by the ruling Bolsheviks . The workers at the plant prevented attempts by the Danish side to dismantle plants and move them to Denmark.

In December 1917, the factory's workers 'council (chairman: AM Buruchin of the Bolsheviks) and the workers' control council (chairman: GE Lewin, also Bolsheviks) decided that the plant should continue to be operated and that the Russian workers should no longer follow the instructions of the Danish factory management.

In response, the Danish leadership sabotaged the plant, paying wages and salaries only to the Danish employees, while the wages of the Russian workforce were postponed. She announced that she would only want to pay the arrears wages of the Russian workers after the plant had closed.

After an attempt to storm the factory's arsenal, the factory was guarded by the Red Guard .

On January 18, 1918, the headquarters of the artillery sent weapons designers Vladimir Fyodorov and Vasily Degtjarjow to Kovrov. Fyodorov was appointed technical director of the plant.

A series of 9000 pieces of the Awtomat Fjodorowa self-loading rifle has now been launched in the factory.

On March 21, 1918, due to the difficult financial situation of the plant, it was decided to temporarily close it. The production of the Madsen machine guns, the Fyodorov self-loading rifle and all construction work have been suspended until further notice. Only 60 working people remained in the factory, including the design department.

In July 1918 it was announced that the plant would be nationalized. At that time, only 280 workers and employees were working in the plant. A fire then broke out in the plant, which destroyed 40% of the systems and 90% of systems and samples.

On November 27, 1918, the Extraordinary Commission for the Supply of the Red Army decided that no machines or equipment may be given to the Danish administration in order to maintain production. After that, additional workers were hired, additional equipment procured and building materials and fuel provided for the construction of additional buildings.

The production of agricultural implements and irons began to supply the population.

In July 1919, work on the technical documentation for the Fyodorov rifle was completed in 20 copies. A first pilot series of 200 Awtomat Fjodorowa was produced in the small factory.

On July 8, 1919, the Supreme Economic Council nationalized the plant and placed it under the central administration of the artillery factories ( Russian Центрального правления артиллерийских заводов , ZPAS).

In the 1920s, at the time of the early Soviet Union , 1,000 workers and salaried employees worked at the Degtjarjow plant.

The Presidium of the ZPAS appointed Fyodorov as plant manager, technical director was N. I. Zhukov.

On April 21, 1921, the Council of the Armaments Industry stated that the serial production of the Avtomat Fyodorov had started.

In 1927 a pre-series of the 7.62 mm MG DP was produced and in October 1928 the DA aircraft machine gun was developed for arming Soviet aircraft based on the DP ; The Panzer MG DT followed in 1929 .

On December 29, 1927, the Kowrower machine gun factory was renamed Instrument Factory No. 2, on July 7, 1932 it was given the honorary name " Kuprijan Ossipowitsch Kirkisch ". The name was now Instrument Factory No. 2 “KO Kirkisch” ( Russian Инструментальны завод № 2 имени К. О. Киркижа ).

In 1932, the production of the heavy 12.7 mm machine gun DK (DK - Degtjarjow, Krupnokaliberny: large-caliber MG system Degtjarjow) began. The DK was the forerunner of the DSchK, which was developed in 1935 and introduced in 1939. A drum magazine with a capacity of 30 rounds served as ammunition feed; the cadence was low because of this. The 12.7 × 108 mm cartridge was developed for this weapon. In 1934 production of the 7.62 mm submachine gun Degtjarjow (PPD-34) began. In 1935, the plant began series production of the heavy 12.7 mm machine gun Schpitalnij und Vladimirov ( SchWAK ), which later became the 20 mm machine gun of the same name. Production of the 7.62 mm MPi PPScha-41 began in 1940 .

During the Second World War

After the German invasion of the Soviet Union , martial law was introduced on June 24, 1941 , and the factory worked around the clock. At the beginning of July, the Soviet government called for an anti-tank rifle to be built as quickly as possible. By the end of the year the army was 16,036 pieces PTRD caliber mm 14.5 × 114 supplies. On December 18, 1941, the factory-equipped armored train "Kowrowski Bolshevik" was sent to the front.

In 1943, a new production hall was built in traditional construction and series production of the heavy 7.62 mm MG SG-43 began. In 1944, serial production of the super-heavy machine gun System Vladimirov (KPW-44, cal. 14.5 × 114 mm) and the light RPD in the new caliber 7.62 × 39 mm began .

During the Great Patriotic War, a total of 1,202,481 of the various types of weapons were manufactured and delivered to the front in the “KO Kirkisch” plant.

post war period

In 1946 the factory with the first embodiment of Comet K-125 , the motorcycle production was added.

In 1949 the plant was given the new honorary name "WA Degtjarjow".

In October 1950, part of the Degtjarjowwerk was spun off as the Kowrower Mechanisches Werk ( Kowrowskii Mechanitscheski Sawod ).

Products

Armaments

motorcycles

K-125M (replica DKW RT 125)
Woßchod
Mokick SiD-50 pilot

Production motorcycles

After the end of the Second World War, German industrial plants were dismantled as reparations and taken to the victorious states. In this way, the production machines and production documents of the DKW RT 125 also reached Kowrow. Here the machine was recreated as the Komet K 125 and established motorcycle production in Kowrow. In November 1946, the first 59 motorcycles left the factory under the brand name Kowrowez (German: the Kowrower). Other models with different cubic capacities were derived from the K-125 and the model was continuously developed. From 1956, style elements from contemporary Jawa models were incorporated into the Kowrowez motorcycles. From 1965, the brand was Voskhod introduced and the Kowrowezproduktion ran from 1967. The Woßchod-1 still shows strong similarities with the Jawa 175, later models followed their own design language.

In the late 1990s, another modern motorcycle was developed that was equipped with a 400 cc four-stroke engine. In 1998 motorcycle production was stopped and the fully developed machine no longer went into series production. The Degtjarjowwerk entered into a cooperation with the Chinese manufacturer Lifan in the field of two- and three-wheeler production and has been building small motorcycles and off-road trikes with their engines since then.

To date, a total of over 8 million motorcycles and small motorcycles have been manufactured in SiD.

Sport bikes

Off-road motorcycles were built parallel to the series models as early as 1947. In the 1970s, up to 1,800 cross machines were built per year. Since 1950 racing motorcycles such as the Woßchod 175SchK-3 and later also motoball machines have been built to a small extent.

Awards

Constructors

In the Degtjarjowwerk were u. a. active:

literature

  • ОАО «ЗиД» (Ed.): Штрихи истории. Известные и неизвестные страницы истории Ковровского завода имени В. А. Дегтярёва с 1916 по 2006 год . 2006, ISBN 5-88280-112-5 , pp. 260 .

Web links

Commons : Degtjarjowwerk  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Annual Report 2012 (Годовой отчет ОАО «ЗиД» 2012 год)
  2. ↑ Бухгалтерский баланс 2012 форма №2
  3. ↑ a b c История завода. (No longer available online.) In: zid.ru. Завод им. В.А. Дегтярева, archived from the original on November 4, 2013 ; Retrieved June 2, 2015 (Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zid.ru
  4. ↑ a b 15 августа 1916 года // ажурнал «Мастер-ружьё». № 8 (149), август 2009, С. 96.
  5. ↑ a b c d Semjon Fedosejew: The Russian career of the Madsen MG . In: журнал « Мастер-ружьё » . tape III , no. 6 (159) , June 2010, pp. 51–52 ( coollib.com [accessed June 2, 2015] Russian: Российская карьера ружья-пулемёта « Мадсен » .).
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i S. S. Chromow: Ковровский пулемётный завод . In: Советская энциклопедия . 2nd Edition. 1987, Гражданская война и военная интервенция в СССР, S. 267 .
  7. ↑ Николай Фролов: О бронепоезде «Ковровский большевик». In: ikovrov.ru. March 9, 2015, accessed on June 6, 2015 (Russian, Nikolai Frolow: About the armored train “Kovrover Bolshevik” ).
  8. ↑ Modern Firearms - RGS-50M. In: world.guns.ru. Retrieved May 30, 2015 .
  9. ^ Open Joint Stock Company "VADegtyarev Plant" / RGS-50M Special Grenade Launching System. In: zid.ru. P. en , accessed May 30, 2015 .
  10. ↑ RGS-50M modernized special grenade launcher. In: gunsru.ru. Retrieved May 30, 2015 .
  11. ↑ Torsten Hampel: Rescuing a legend. Zen or the art of servicing a motorcycle company. In: tagesspiegel.de. December 6, 2012, accessed June 2, 2015 .
  12. ↑ a b c d S. Vorontsov: Kovrovet-Voskhod. In: b-cozz.com. Retrieved June 2, 2015 .

Coordinates: 56 ° 22 ′ 12 ″  N , 41 ° 19 ′ 48 ″  E