Fehmarn island railway
| Fehmarn island railway | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Route number : | 1101 Lütjenbrode – Heiligenhafen 1102 Großenbroder ferry – Lütjenbrode 1103 Fehmarnsund – Orth |
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| Course book range : | 103m (1938) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Inselbahn Fehmarn is a standard-gauge railway line on the Schleswig-Holstein Baltic Sea island of Fehmarn . It was put into operation in 1905 by the Oldenburger Eisenbahn district .
Today the railway line is only in the form of a short branch line between the Vogelfluglinie ( operating station Burg West) and the station of Burg auf Fehmarn ( Fehmarn-Burg ) in regional traffic (RE Lübeck – Puttgarden ).
Route description
The route connected the Fehmarn villages Orth, Petersdorf, Landkirchen, Burg, Burgstaaken, Wulfen and the Fehmarnsund ferry terminal via a trajectory with Großenbrode , Lütjenbrode and Heiligenhafen on the mainland. A short connecting line to the port branched off at the Burgstaaken stop.
Operation and history
The Inselbahn was opened on September 8, 1905 as the Kleinbahn Lütjenbrode-Orth of the Oldenburger Eisenbahn district .
In contrast to the island railways of most of the North Sea islands, the route was laid out in standard gauge, so that continuous train traffic from the mainland was possible. The trains were transferred to the island by rail ferry from the Großenbroder Fähre ferry port - not to be confused with the Großenbrode Kai ferry terminal , from where the train service to Gedser in Denmark was handled in the 1950s . The management was initially with the Prussian State Railways and from 1923 with the Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR). In 1924 the management was handed over to the Elmshorn-Barmstedt-Oldesloer Eisenbahn , the vehicles continued to come from the DR. However, a separate railcar was also procured. Due to dissatisfaction with the management, it was taken over by the KOE itself in 1931, and its own vehicles were procured for this purpose. In 1941 the DR took over the entire railway, including the vehicles.
From 1903 to 1927 the single-track ferry Fehmarnsund with a composite steam engine of 95 kW (130 HP) was in use from Großenbrode ferry port across Fehmarnsund, which could transport two freight cars. Passenger cars have not yet been hauled. In November 1927 it was replaced by the Fehmarn with 2 × 175 kW (2 × 240 HP) , which with its 137 m track length could also transport passenger coaches. In 1951 this ship was converted to diesel propulsion and lengthened by 15 m. In December 1949, the DR was also able to use the Frauke , which under its new name Schleswig-Holstein with its 41 m length could accommodate up to four railroad cars. It was originally built in Königsberg for the German Air Force and was extended by 14 m in Rendsburg at the end of the Second World War . With its two 150 kW (200 PS) diesel engines, it was called the “most elegant” of the Sund ferries after its modernization.
The locomotives for the insular section of the route were stationed in Burg, so that mostly only the wagons had to be transported on the ferry. Operation was later switched to class VT 95 and 98 railcars .
After passenger traffic from Burg to Orth was discontinued on June 2, 1956 and to Fehmarnsund station on April 30, 1963 - at the same time as the opening of the Fehmarnsund Bridge as a permanent link to the mainland - the ferry service from Großenbrode to Fehmarn was discontinued.
Since then, rail traffic with the mainland and long-distance traffic to Denmark have been handled via the route from Großenbrode to Puttgarden . The old island railway was initially linked to this route via a track triangle at the level of the town of Burg on Fehmarn.
The importance of the actual island railway, however, also continued to decline in freight traffic , because the supply of goods and the loading of the island's agricultural products were less and less by sea, so that the connection of the ports of Orth and later also Burgstaaken to the island railway was no longer possible was necessary. So initially the freight traffic from Burg via Wulfen to the no longer existing Sund ferry, but also the one to the Orther harbor, was stopped. The route between Burgstaaken and Petersdorf remained. The Burg – Burgstaaken line was closed in 1980 and the Landkirchen – Petersdorf line on May 28, 1988.
Until September 25, 1983, the Burg auf Fehmarn railway station operated via the branch line Burg West – Burg a. F. the Fehmarn Express popular with holidaymakers in the Baltic Sea - it circumnavigated Hamburg via Büchen – Lüneburg. This train first went to Puttgarden and then returned to Burg. On February 1, 1995, the last section between Burg and Landkirchen, on which goods traffic was still operated, was closed; after one year earlier, on March 1, 1994, the operation of the Burg station had been given up. The abandoned railway lines lay fallow for many years and were then partly built over with cycle paths .
Current condition
Former Petersdorf station
The Burg station on Fehmarn
Former station of the Inselbahn Fehmarn in Landkirchen
Former route of the Fehmarn island railway near Landkirchen
Historical recordings
Burg station on Fehmarn 1983
The exit of the Burg station, straight ahead towards Fehmarnsund Bridge, branching off to the right towards Puttgarden (1983)
The route towards Landkirchen and Orth crosses the B205 (1983)
The former ferry pier serves as a slipway for a shipyard (1984)
With the exception of the remaining section to Burg auf Fehmarn, most of the track systems have now been dismantled or overbuilt. Remnants of the original island railway can still be found in the ports of Burgstaaken and Orth as well as east of and in Landkirchen; the former ferry port at Fehmarnsund station has been converted into a shipyard. The former Petersdorf station was converted into a residential building, but can still be recognized as a former station building. A few meters of track are still in front of him and can be clearly seen.
The connection from the mainland to Puttgarden is regularly served by EC trains (Hamburg – Copenhagen route) due to the international traffic, in summer an IC connection to and from the west and south-west of Germany and with regional trains from Lübeck (also Hamburg on summer weekends). The regional trains have been stopping at Burg on Fehmarn again since 2010. The freight traffic on the bird flight line has been closed since 1997 because of commissioning of the fixed link across the Great Belt , the associated large shunting of wagons loaded on ferries was less economical in Denmark.
The connection to all other places on the island is now done exclusively by bus services operated by Deutsche Bahn's own autokraft and, since 1997, also by the Fehmarn Citizen Bus , which is operated by the Fehmarn Citizen Bus Association. V. is operated.
The contractually agreed new construction of a fixed crossing of the Fehmarnbelt towards Denmark is expected to lead to further changes in rail traffic on the island of Fehmarn over the next few years. The plan is to electrify the route from Hamburg to Copenhagen and, with the exception of the Fehmarnsund Bridge, double-track expansion throughout. With the timetable change in December 2019, train traffic to Copenhagen via Fehmarn will be discontinued and will be diverted via the mainland connection until the tunnel goes into operation, as preparatory work on the railway line for the fixed Belt Crossing begins on the Danish side. This then ends the ferry traffic from Puttgarden to Rodby.
On July 31, 2010, the newly built Fehmarn-Burg stop (Burg auf Fehmarn) was put into operation. The new stop is about 100 m before the former Burg station. It is served by regional trains on the Lübeck – Puttgarden route every two hours. In addition, there are two RegionalExpress trains to and from Hamburg on weekends in summer and, since December 2010, individual Intercity trains to and from Frankfurt am Main . The last 600 meters of track including the stopping point are operated by AKN Eisenbahn AG. Emergency management and maintenance of the train station, however, are the responsibility of Deutsche Bahn. Trains can leave the Fehmarn-Burg stop both in the direction of Lübeck and in the direction of Puttgarden through a track triangle.
literature
- Olaf Hamelau: The railway in Ostholstein. Sutton-Verlag, Erfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-86680-589-7 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Denmark connections before 1963 . In: Die Vogelfluglinie . Eisenbahn-Kurier Spezial 53 M 9818, 2nd quarter 1999, pp. 9-10.
- ↑ bahnnews.info