Gedser

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Gedser
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Gedser (Denmark)
Gedser
Gedser
Basic data
State : DenmarkDenmark Denmark
Region : Sjælland
Municipality
(since 2007) :
Guldborgsund
Municipality / Office :
(until the end of 2006)
Sydfalster Kommune
Storstrøms Amt
Harde / Amt:
(until March 1970)
Falster Sønder Herred
Maribo Office
Sogn : Gedser Sogn
Coordinates : 54 ° 35 '  N , 11 ° 56'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 35 '  N , 11 ° 56'  E
Population :
(2020)
722
Postal code : 4874
Website: www.gedser.net
The church in Gedser
The church in Gedser
Template: Infobox location in Denmark / maintenance / area missing
Template: Infobox location in Denmark / maintenance / height is missing

Gedser [ ˈgɛsəʀ ] is a town with 722 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in Denmark on the island of Falster , south of Nykøbing , and an important ferry port for traffic across the Baltic Sea between Germany and Scandinavia .

Gedser Odde , the geographically southernmost point of Denmark and thus all of Scandinavia, is located near the city .

The ferries of the shipping company Scandlines run to Rostock every two hours .

In addition to the fishing and ferry port in the south, Gedser also has a marina ( Gedser Lystbådehavn ) in the west of the city.

history

Historical map of South Falster, 19th century, before the existence of the port and place Gedser

Until the end of the 19th century, Gedesby, the center of the parish ( Danish : Sogn ) Gedesby Sogn, was the southernmost town on Falster. There was no settlement in the area of ​​today's Gedser. Ships left for Germany from a natural harbor on Bøtø Nor, east of Gedesby. Around 1870 it was decided to drain the bay and build a new ferry port on the southern tip of Falster. In 1883 the Gedser – Warnemünde ferry line was opened. The place Gjedser (spelling at the time) developed around the port.

Gedser belonged to Harde Falsters Sønder Herred in the Maribo office until 1970, from 1970 to the Sydfalster municipality in what was then Storstrøms office , which was merged into Guldborgsund municipality in the Sjælland region as part of the municipal reform on January 1, 2007 . On October 1, 2010 the former church district Gedser Kirkedistrikt, in which Gedser is located, became an independent Sogn Gedser Sogn with the abolition of the Danish church districts .

During the Cold War Gedser was a particularly exposed outpost of the western states towards the Eastern Bloc . At the beginning of the 1960s, excursion boats came from the GDR until shortly before the Danish coast. Occasionally GDR passengers jumped off and tried to swim to the coast. Other GDR refugees reached Gedser by swimming or in small boats from the Mecklenburg coast.

During this time Gedser was also interesting as a military outpost. Ship traffic from the Warsaw Pact that passed the nearby Kadet Channel was observed particularly intensively . Today some empty buildings still indicate this time.

From 1903 to 1995 the place was the starting point of the Gedser – Warnemünde railway ferry line , which was then replaced by the ferry connection to Rostock's overseas port . Between 1951 and 1963 there was a train ferry from Großenbrode to Gedser as an interim solution . This line had become necessary because Warnemünde was in the Soviet Zone after 1945 , and later in the GDR , and the Federal Republic of Germany needed its own ferry connection to Denmark. The Gedser – Großenbrode line was replaced by the Vogelfluglinie from Puttgarden to Rødbyhavn . From 1963 to 1990 there was also a Gedser – Travemünde car ferry that competed with the Vogelfluglinie; after the expansion of the Vogelfluglinie's road network, it was no longer profitable.

traffic

Gedser ferry port. In the background you can see the marina.

The railway line to Nykøbing has been almost completely replaced by a bus connection since 1995. One last pair of regional trains ran every morning between Gedser and Copenhagen, and from summer 2007 two pairs of trains ran every day as an experiment. On December 6, 2009, passenger traffic on the Gedser Railway from Gedser to Nykøbing Falster was discontinued. In the summer of 2011, the track systems in the area of ​​the port were completely removed.

Gedser is located on the Berlin – Copenhagen cycle route and the European EuroVelo route 7, making it easy to reach by bike not only from Berlin and Copenhagen, but also from Sweden, the Czech Republic and Italy.

Buildings

In 1957, the Gedser wind turbine designed by Johannes Juul was put into operation on an existing tower of a wind engine . This was until 1967 in operation and was reactivated in 1979 to provide data for the wind energy program of NASA winning. Today the property is considered a "archetype" of the "Danish wind turbine" and as a major breakthrough in the history of the wind turbine nacelle and rotor are now a museum display. In addition, their design was included in Denmark's cultural canon in 2006.

Gedser main street

Individual evidence

  1. a b Statistics Banks -> Befolkning og valg -> BY1: Folketal January 1st efter byområde, alder og køn (Danish)
  2. Bill L 27 of October 9, 2008. (No longer available online.) January 22, 2009, archived from the original on September 6, 2012 ; Retrieved March 15, 2011 (Danish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ft.dk
  3. Cold War on the Baltic Sea - The Coast of the Spies at www.spiegel.de/einestages, accessed on January 6, 2018
  4. Cold War on the Baltic Sea - The Coast of the Spies at www.spiegel.de/einestages, accessed on January 6, 2018
  5. Afskedstur med Gedserbanen. Retrieved December 7, 2009 (Danish).
  6. translator2: EuroVelo 7 - EuroVelo. Retrieved April 29, 2017 .
  7. Alois Schaffarczyk (Ed.): Introduction to wind energy technology. Munich 2012, p. 37.
  8. ^ The Wind Energy Pioneers: The Gedser Wind Turbine. Danish Wind Energy Agency. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
  9. Kulturkanon ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Website of the Danish Ministry of Culture, accessed on March 29, 2014.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kum.dk

Web links

Commons : Gedser  - collection of images, videos and audio files