Lübeck – Puttgarden railway line
The Lübeck – Puttgarden railway line connects Lübeck and the Baltic Sea island of Fehmarn in Schleswig-Holstein as part of the international bird flight line .
Route description
From Lübeck, the tracks of the Kiel – Lübeck railway line are used to Bad Schwartau . The route then follows the Baltic Sea coast via Timmendorfer Strand , Scharbeutz , Haffkrug and Sierksdorf . In the Neustadt in Holstein freight yard , a branch line branches off to the Neustadt passenger station. The main route continues through Ostholstein and finally reaches the Puttgarden station on Fehmarn via Lensahn , Oldenburg in Holstein , Großenbrode and after crossing the Fehmarnsund on the Fehmarnsund Bridge.
history
Establishment of the Neustadt (Holst) - Oldenburg (Holst) route
The first section of the Lübeck – Puttgarden railway line was the 23-kilometer stretch from Neustadt (Holstein) to Oldenburg (Holstein). This was built by the Oldenburger Eisenbahn district and opened on September 30, 1881. It was not until January 17, 1898 that it was built further in the direction of Lütjenbrode and Heiligenhafen (20 kilometers).
A direct connection from Lübeck to Neustadt was missing for decades, because Neustadt was only connected to Lübeck with a change in Eutin ( Eutin – Neustadt railway line ). Only on June 1, 1928, the direct connection Lübeck – Neustadt was established by the Deutsche Reichsbahn .
Idea of a "bird flight line"
As early as the 1920s, the Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR) and the Danske Statsbaner (DSB) took up the idea of the engineer Gustav Kröhnke (1826–1904) to set up a railway ferry connection across the Fehmarnbelt between Puttgarden and Rødby. A bridge over the Fehmarnsund was also first planned in 1921. On the German side, as mentioned above, there were already the routes from Lübeck to Hamburg of the Lübeck-Büchener Eisenbahn (LBE) and from Neustadt in Holstein to Heiligenhafen the Oldenburger Eisenbahn (KOE), which also has a small train with ferry belonged to Fehmarn .
The first ready-to-build plans for the Vogelfluglinie were created in 1940 by Heinrich Bartmann . A formal government agreement between the German Reich and the occupied Kingdom of Denmark was signed on April 8, 1941. After the LBE had already been taken over by the DR on January 1, 1938, the other railway companies on the German side were nationalized with the ELE on January 1, 1941 and the KOE on August 1. In September of the same year, construction work began in both Germany and Denmark. They were interrupted in 1943 due to the Second World War.
From 1951: Großenbrode Kai
Construction work resumed in 1949. The route of the former KOE was modernized, a bypass curve was built around Lütjenbrode and the connecting route to bypass Neustadt was completed. On the site of the former Seefliegerhorstes Großenbrode which arose station Großenbrode Kai . On July 15, 1951, the Deutsche Bundesbahn and DSB opened the railway ferry Großenbrode – Gedser to Gedser on the Danish island of Falster .
From 1963: Puttgarden – Rødby
The construction of the connection from Großenbrode to Puttgarden in the north of Fehmarn did not begin until 1958. On May 14, 1963, in the presence of the Federal President Heinrich Lübke and the Danish King Frederik IX. with the Fehmarnsund Bridge and the ferry connection across the Fehmarnbelt, the Vogelfluglinie is in operation in its current form. On the occasion of the opening, the Deutsche Bundespost issued a special postage stamp . The parallel railway ferry from Großenbrode ferry across Fehmarnsund to the place of the same name Fehmarnsund on the island of Fehmarn has been abandoned.
Since then, many important long-distance trains such as the Nord-Express and the Italia-Express Rome- Copenhagen have operated on the Vogelfluglinie . There was also a brisk freight train traffic . For example, 190,757 freight wagons were hauled in 1994 according to Deutsche Bahn . The D trains , the TEE Merkur and the TEEM freight trains in the direction of Puttgarden were hauled by diesel locomotives of the 221 series , later with the 218 series in double traction and the 232 series large diesel locomotives.
In regional and local traffic, the German Federal Railroad used the 212- hauled push-pull trains with Silberlingen between Lübeck and Puttgarden , some of which even ran the branch lines to Heiligenhafen and Burg on Fehmarn.
In addition, from 1963 to 1983, the Fehmarn Express , used primarily by Baltic Sea holidaymakers, ran from Cologne via the Ruhr area, East Westphalia, Hanover, Lüneburg, Büchen, Lübeck and some holiday resorts on the Bay of Lübeck to Puttgarden or Burg on Fehmarn . There were bus connections to numerous seaside resorts not on the route, for example to Dahme and Grömitz .
Because of the heavy traffic on the single-track line, the line was equipped with train radio in 1971, initially for test purposes. As early as the 1970s, most of the stops on the way between Neustadt and Puttgarden were abandoned and local public transport was carried out with buses. On the branch line from Gleisdreieck Lütjenbrode Ost to Heiligenhafen, passenger traffic was stopped on May 30, 1976 and goods traffic on October 31, 1984. The line has now been closed and has been dismantled. Sometimes there is a cycle path here.
After commissioning of the fixed rail link across the Great Belt between the Danish islands of Funen and Zealand in 1997 which was Trajektierung and the freight train traffic on the bird flight line - - of freight trains across the Fehmarn Belt set. International freight train traffic between the greater Hamburg and Copenhagen areas has since been routed via Flensburg and Fredericia . This means a detour of 160 kilometers. Because of the reduced number of trains, the stations Sierksdorf Bbf, Hasselburg and Beschendorf were abandoned as crossing stations .
It was decided to reactivate part of the Fehmarn Island Railway in order to be able to return to Burg, the largest town on Fehmarn, with passenger trains close to the center. The state-wide traffic service company Schleswig-Holstein (LVS) submitted several reports that presented the establishment of a stop in the immediate vicinity as the most sensible solution in terms of traffic. There were isolated protests against this on site. The construction work should be completed by Easter 2010, and the new station was finally opened when the timetable changed at the end of July 2010.
Since then, Lübeck's regional trains have been branching off the main line in Burg West and going to the new Fehmarn-Burg station on the outskirts. Some of the trains turn around immediately and continue their journey to get to Puttgarden station , other trains go directly from Burg back to Lübeck.
Locomotives and railcars
VT 12 as Copenhagen Express (DB, Copenhagen – Hamburg) coming from Gedser when leaving the ferry Theodor Heuss at the Großenbrode Kai pier (1959)
IC3 (DSB, Hamburg – Copenhagen) leaving the ferry in Rødbyhavn (2007)
ICE 38 (DB, Copenhagen – Hamburg) coming from Puttgarden with a stopover in Oldenburg i. H. (2010)
Former Heiligenhafen train station
The most famous locomotives of the Vogelfluglinie were the diesel locomotives of the class V 200.1 , which were taken over from the Lübeck depot in 1963 . Along with the ferries and the Fehmarnsund Bridge, they have been a symbol of modern and fast travel for years and were thus presented in the advertising of the German Federal Railroad and the region. Fast multiple units of the class VT 12 had already been used as the Copenhagen Express between Hamburg and Copenhagen via Großenbrode.
From 1978 onwards, the trains were gradually transported by class 218 locomotives used in double traction .
The German Bahn AG continued after the turn and diesel locomotives of the series 232 and 234, one on the bird flight line.
Steam locomotives ran to Großenbrode Kai in the 1950s. After the completion of the Fehmarnsund Bridge in the Puttgarden plan service, they did not drive to the Puttgarden depot due to the lack of a turntable or other turning options . Today, special steam trains occasionally run to Puttgarden (see below).
In 1993, Danish MF sets took over the entire long-distance traffic of the Vogelfluglinie. From 2007 to 2015 most of the trains ran with the German class 605 . From 2016 to 2019, only Danish MF sets were used in long-distance transport . Regional trains from Puttgarden to Lübeck run with the 648 series ; Two pairs of trains run Puttgarden – Hamburg and back only on weekends in the summer months. These consist of double-deck coaches pulled by the 218 series .
At times, a museum steam locomotive with historic wagons commuted between Oldenburg and Puttgarden over the Ascension weekend .
present
EuroCity exiting the ferry
Neustadt in Holstein train station
ICE Copenhagen – Hamburg overtakes RB Neustadt – Lübeck in Haffkrug station
Class 648 railcars at the newly opened Burg (Fehmarn) station
The extensive freight tracks in Puttgarden lie fallow. End-to-end international rail traffic between Hamburg and Copenhagen has not been routed via the Vogelfluglinie since December 15, 2019 and until the completion of the new route.
Neustadt station is a terminus on a short branch line that branches off from Lübeck to the east. Therefore, the long-distance trains from Hamburg / Lübeck to Fehmarn pass Neustadt. Regional trains run every hour between Neustadt and Lübeck, and every two hours between Puttgarden and Burg auf Fehmarn and Lübeck. These trains run between Neustadt Gbf and Lübeck combined.
As the successor to the Fehmarn Express - which circumnavigates Hamburg via Büchen – Lüneburg - InterCity trains run Fr. – Mon. (daily during the holiday season) Connect Cologne main station and the Ruhr area via Hamburg with Fehmarn-Burg.
The intercity stops are:
|
ICE and EC trains stopped at the following stations until the line was closed:
|
Long-distance transport
| line | Table number (long-distance traffic course book) | Train run | Tact |
|---|---|---|---|
| IC 30 | (10.4), 10 | Fehmarn-Burg - Oldenburg - Sierksdorf - Haffkrug - Scharbeutz - Timmendorferstrand - Lübeck - Hamburg-Harburg - Osnabrück - Münster - Gelsenkirchen - Essen - Duisburg - Düsseldorf - Cologne | Summer half year Fri. – Mon .; Summer vacation time daily |
Regional traffic
| line | Train run | KBS | Tact |
|---|---|---|---|
| RE 85 RB 85 | ( Hamburg ; RE only) - Lübeck - Bad Schwartau - Timmendorferstrand - Scharbeutz - Haffkrug - Sierksdorf - Lensahn - Oldenburg - Großenbrode - Fehmarn-Burg - Puttgarden | KBS 140 | RE only two pairs of trains on weekends in the summer months; RB every two hours |
| RB 85 | Lübeck - Bad Schwartau - Timmendorferstrand - Scharbeutz - Haffkrug - Sierksdorf - Neustadt in Holstein | KBS 140 | hourly |
Planning for the Fehmarnbelt link
A fixed crossing of the Fehmarnbelt is to be built as a tunnel by 2021.
The contract for the hinterland connection of the Fehmarnbelt link provides at least that the section from Lübeck to Puttgarden is to be electrified by the time the new tunnel is completed, but a double-track expansion may take place up to seven years after the fixed link has been completed. The Fehmarnsund Bridge can remain a single track. The benefit-cost ratio for the hinterland connection to the Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link was given as 6.7: 1.
On January 9, 2013, the state of Schleswig-Holstein initiated the regional planning procedure for the expansion of the hinterland connection to the fixed link across the Fehmarnbelt. According to the result of the regional planning procedure on May 6, 2014, a new stretch of around 55 kilometers in length is to be built near the A1 motorway with bypasses of the municipalities of Ratekau, Lensahn and Großenbrode. This and the section on Fehmarn are to be expanded for 200 km / h. The existing single-track line to (planned 2030) after their completion shut down be.
According to the state traffic plan , Ratekau station should be reopened by 2012. This was no longer implemented as part of the planning for the expansion of the hinterland connection to the fixed Fehmarnbelt link. A joint IC / EC train station with Timmendorfer Strand is currently planned not far from the old Ratekau train station.
The Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030 shows around 1.518 billion euros for the measure.
During the double-track expansion and electrification of the railway line between Lübeck and Puttgarden to connect the rails for the Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link (FBQ), trains will not be able to travel between Puttgarden and Neustadt for five years from 2022. During this time, there should be high-quality replacement service every hour with double-decker buses between Puttgarden and Lübeck, which provide a train connection in Haffkrug . After that, the Puttgarden ferry station will be closed. It remains to be seen whether a stop in Puttgarden will remain after the opening of the FBQ .
literature
- Friedhelm Ernst: The Vogelfluglinie . Eisenbahn-Kurier-Special 53, EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau).
- Olaf Hamelau : The railway in Ostholstein . Sutton-Verlag, Erfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-86680-589-7 .
- Garrelt Riepelmeier : To the sea, to the sea . In: Eisenbahn Geschichte 71 (2015), pp. 4–15.
Web links
- International trains on the Vogelfluglinie ( Memento from January 25, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- Rail connection of the fixed link across the Fehmarnbelt (Deutsche Bahn AG)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Query of the course book route 140 at Deutsche Bahn.
- ↑ See: Riepelmeier.
- ^ DB course book summer 1975
- ↑ Report of the LVS comparison of variants for the railway development of the island of Fehmarn - final report, accessed on June 29, 2010
- ^ Jan Bartelsen: New Fehmarn-Burg train station officially opened. In: bahninfo.de. July 31, 2010, accessed October 17, 2018 .
- ↑ Results of the review of the requirement plans for rail and road ( Memento of November 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; page 32)
- ↑ Spatial planning procedure for the rail link to the Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link begins: plans are laid out. (PDF; 17 KiB) (No longer available online.) Schleswig-Holstein State Government, January 9, 2013, archived from the original on May 6, 2014 ; accessed on January 31, 2013 .
- ↑ Femernbælt: Transport connections in Germany ( Memento from September 11, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Fehmarn Belt Crossing: Relief for the bathing areas. (No longer available online.) Prime Minister of Schleswig-Holstein, May 6, 2014, archived from the original on May 6, 2014 ; accessed on May 6, 2014 .
- ↑ Vogelfluglinie. Retrieved February 9, 2018 .
- ^ New train station for Timmendorf - out for the Bäderbahn. wochenspiegel-online.de, January 25, 2017, accessed on November 5, 2017 .
- ↑ LVS Schleswig-Holstein: LNVP 2008–2012. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on July 19, 2011 ; Retrieved March 23, 2009 .
- ↑ https://www.anbombination-fbq.de/de/vor-ort/pfa-1.html
- ↑ Project dossier for the ABS / NBS Hamburg – Lübeck – Puttgarden (hinterland connection FBQ)
- ↑ Expansion: Fehmarn-Burg railway stop becomes a local transport hub. nah.sh, July 5, 2018, accessed on September 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Simon Preis: Local transport concept for Fehmarn. (PDF) nah.sh, July 4, 2018, accessed on September 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Operation ends in 2022 . In: railway magazine . No. 9 , 2018, ISSN 0342-1902 , p. 27 .