Iodine pentafluoride

Structural formula
General
Surname	Iodine pentafluoride
Molecular formula	IF 5
Brief description	colorless, pungent smelling liquid that smokes in the air
External identifiers / databases
EC number	232-019-7
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.108
PubChem	522683
Wikidata	Q417415
properties
Molar mass	221.9 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	3.21 g cm −3
Melting point	9.4 ° C
boiling point	100.5 ° C
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound consisting of the elements iodine and fluorine in a ratio of 1: 5.

Extraction and presentation

Iodine pentafluoride can be made from the elements by burning iodine in fluorine.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {I_ {2} +5 \ F_ {2} \ rightarrow 2 \ IF_ {5}}}

properties

Iodine pentafluoride is a highly reactive, pungent smelling, colorless liquid that smokes in the air. It attacks the respiratory organs violently and reacts with hydrogen-rich organic compounds with the appearance of flames and the formation of hydrofluoric acid. It forms the corresponding salts with Lewis acids and bases. It has a heat of vaporization of 41.37 kJ / mol and a heat of fusion of 15.91 kJ / mol.
The electrical conductivity is 1.53 · 10 ⁻³S / m .

Iodine pentafluoride is sensitive to hydrolysis and reacts violently with water to form iodic acid and hydrogen fluoride :

${\ displaystyle \ mathrm {IF_ {5} +3 \ H_ {2} O \ rightarrow \ IO_ {2} F + 4 \ HF + H_ {2} O \ rightarrow \ HIO_ {3} +5 \ HF}}$

Molecular geometry

According to the VSEPR model, gaseous iodine pentafluoride has a square-pyramidal molecular geometry. The four FIF angles are 81.9 °. The axial I – F bond which forms the top of the square pyramid is 184.4 pm in length. The four planar I – F bonds that form the square base of the pyramid are 186.9 pm in length. The free electron pair on the iodine atom is arranged axially in order to ensure the greatest possible distance from the fluorine atoms n.

Iodine pentafluoride has the point group C _4v as its molecular symmetry .

use

Iodine pentafluoride is used as a fluorinating reagent in organic chemistry and as an etchant in the semiconductor industry.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b entry on iodine fluoride. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 19, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c data sheet at solvay-fluorides.com (PDF) .
↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
↑ ^a ^b A. F. Holleman , N. Wiberg : Inorganische Chemie . 103rd edition. Volume 1: Basics and main group elements. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-049585-0 , pp. 508–509 (Extract: Part A - Basics of the chemistry of hydrogen. Google book search ). (accessed via De Gruyter Online)

[Römpp-1] try on iodine fluoride. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 19, 2014.

[solvay-2] ta sheet at solvay-fluorides.com (PDF) .

[NV-3] This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[HOWI-4] A. F. Holleman , N. Wiberg : Inorganische Chemie . 103rd edition. Volume 1: Basics and main group elements. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-049585-0 , pp. 508–509 (Extract: Part A - Basics of the chemistry of hydrogen. Google book search ). (accessed via De Gruyter Online)