Isabel Martínez de Perón

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María Estela Martínez de Perón (1974)

Isabel Perón (actually María Estela Martínez de Perón - de means “wife of” in Spanish ; * February 4, 1931 in La Rioja , Argentina) was President of Argentina from July 1974 to March 1976 .

Life

Isabel Perón was born as María Estela Martínez. Her life, which she denied by dancing in night clubs, was without significant incidents until 1955. Between 1955 and 1956 she met the twice widowed Juan Domingo Perón , who had just been deposed as Argentine President in his second term. In 1961 the couple married in Madrid , their Spanish exile . In 1973 Juan and Isabel Perón returned to Argentina because it became clear that the Peronist Party (Partido Justicialista) had a good chance of winning the upcoming elections and the call for a "strong man" was raised who would be able to to lead the country out of the economic crisis. In October 1973, Perón became president of Argentina for a third time. His wife, who - based on the personality cult around his second wife Evita  , who died in 1952 - used the name "Isabel" or "Isabelita" for the public, he made Vice President .

But Perón died on July 1, 1974. The next day, Isabel was swiftly sworn in as the new President, so that there would be no risk of discussions or new elections about her successor in the presidency. Isabel, however, was perceived as a puppet of the Peronist rulers, who as president was completely overwhelmed and had neither the education nor the political talent to fill her office for the benefit of the country.

During Perón's tenure, Argentina was hit by economic crises and corruption .

Driven by the fear of losing power, the Peronists began to politically persecute members of the opposition and critics. They used terrorist methods - opposition members were abducted and killed . The increasing reprisals by the government meant that both left and right-wing opposition groups also resorted to violent means; Kidnappings , often combined with extortion , increased significantly. Isabel Perón's term of office was characterized by irregularly recurring "wildcat strikes" (huelgas) and officially ordered general strikes (paro general) .

After the end of the military dictatorship, President Raúl Alfonsín met his surviving democratic predecessors Arturo Frondizi and Isabel Perón (center) in 1984

In this chaotic situation, the military acted and launched a coup against Perón. She was arrested by the military on March 24, 1976 and placed under house arrest for five years. The military formed a junta , and the period of military dictatorship from 1976 to 1983 began. First greeted by many Argentines, the military went on a dirty war (guerra sucia) against any opposition, killing around 30,000 people, the majority of whom simply disappeared . The phase resulted in an economic disaster and the lost Falklands War . Perón was tried by a court for corruption in 1981, but was released that summer.

Isabel Martínez de Perón now lives in Villanueva de la Cañada in the province of Madrid in Spain , where she leads an inconspicuous life and no longer speaks about her political past.

On January 11, 2007, the Argentine judiciary issued an international arrest warrant for Isabel Perón. As a result, she was arrested at her home on January 12, 2007, but was released shortly afterwards as there was no official request for extradition from Argentina. Perón is said to be partly responsible for the disappearance of an opposition activist in 1976. After a second arrest warrant issued on January 25, she was also charged with participating in the right-wing extremist activities of the anti-communist movement Triple A , which is said to be responsible for numerous murders committed in the 1970s. The extradition request was rejected on April 28, 2008 by a court decision.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Isabel Martínez de Perón  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Juan Domingo Perón President of Argentina
1974–1976
Jorge Rafael Videla , Emilio Massera , Orlando Agosti