Isabelle de Charrière

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Isabelle de Charrière, by Guillaume de Spinny 1759 Zuylen Castle
Zuylen Castle Netherlands .
Isabelle de Charrière, by Maurice Quentin de La Tour 1771 Musée Antoine-Lécuyer Saint-Quentin .
Isabelle de Charrière, by Jens Juel 1777

Isabelle de Charrière (Belle van Zuylen) (born October 20, 1740 near Utrecht , † December 27, 1805 in Colombier , Canton Neuchâtel (then part of Prussia )) was a Dutch- Neuchâtel French-language writer , translator and composer.

life and work

Isabelle de Charrière was born on October 20, 1740 as " Isabella Agneta Elisabeth van Tuyll van Serooskerken " at Zuylen Castle near Utrecht into a noble Dutch family. She was raised by governesses from French-speaking Switzerland from 1746 to 1753 , which is why she was soon fluent in the French language . She received an extensive education, spoke several other languages, including English and Latin , and acquired knowledge of physics and mathematics .

In 1760 began a long and confidential correspondence with David-Louis Constant d'Hermenches , which lasted until 1776. Her first short story Le Noble , a satirical work in French , appeared in 1763 . A year later she met James Boswell , who later asked for her hand (1766). Isabelle met David Hume in London in 1767 . After rejecting a large number of applicants, she married the Swiss educator of her brother Willem-René, Charles-Emmanuel de Charrière de Penthaz , on February 17, 1771 . In 1771 the couple moved to Colombier near Neuchâtel , where they lived in the stately home of Le Pontet. While preparing for the trip to Switzerland, she received drawing lessons from Maurice Quentin de La Tour in Paris .

During the time at Lake Neuchâtel a friendly relationship developed between Isabelle and the local pastor David de Chaillet and with Pierre-Alexandre DuPeyrou. With the latter, who administered large parts of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's estate, de Charrière, herself an enthusiastic follower of Rousseau, published his “Confessions” in 1789.

Her novels Lettres Neuchâteloises and Mistress Henley appeared as early as 1784, and soon afterwards a large number of other publications, some of which were translated into German by Ludwig Ferdinand Huber , who lived with his future wife Therese Huber for several years in the nearby Bôle . In 1787 the writer met Benjamin Constant . This relationship lost in importance when Constant turned to Germaine de Staël from 1794 , but both remained in personal and letter contact. During the French Revolution she gave refuge to some French nobles.

Isabelle de Charrière died in Le Pontet on the night of December 26th to 27th, 1805.

Meaning and work

Isabelle de Charrière is of great importance for the reception of German classical music in the French-speaking area. Her position as a writer and letter writer during the Late Enlightenment and the French Revolution is examined today particularly in English, American, Dutch and French feminist research. De Charrière was in correspondence with important personalities of her time such as the Scot James Boswell and saw herself as a mediator between the German and the French culture beyond her own writing activities. Despite all of her personal differences, she was admired by Germaine de Staël (visitor to Colombier in 1792 and 1793), even if Isabelle de Charrière could not gain anything from the newly emerging romantic school in German literature and against Anne-Louise-Germaine Baroness von Staël -Holstein published a defensive pamphlet for Rousseau's widow Thérèse Levasseur (1721–1801) and a satire 'Courte replique a l'auteur d'une longue réponse par Mme la baronne de ...' on the baron in 1789 without a name.

She tried to encourage young regional talent and encourage them to write. This affected first by it discovered Henriette L'Hardy , and later in Colombier the daughter of the pastor de Jonas Gélieu living Isabelle de Gélieu . With this she published in 1797 a French translation of the novel "Art and Nature" by Elizabeth Inchbald .

Works

  • Oeuvres complete. Edition critique. From JD. Candaux, CP Courtney, P. Dubois, S. Dubois-de Bruyn, P. Thompson, J. Vercruysse, DM Wood GA van Oorschot, Amsterdam, 1979-1984, 10 tomes. Tomes 1-6, Correspondance; tome 7, theater; tomes 8-9, Romans, Contes et Nouvelles; tome 10, essais, verse, musique. ISBN 9789028205000
  • The recovered handwriting: Victoire ou la vertu sans bruit. Edited by Magdalene Heuser. In: Editio. International yearbook for edition science. 11 (1997), pp. 178-204.
  • Early writings. New material from Dutch archives . Ed. Kees van Strien, Editions Peeters, Leuven, 2005. ISBN 978-90-429-1646-3
  • Correspondances et textes inédits. Ed. Guillemette Samson, JD. Candaux, J. Vercruysse, and D. Wood. Honoré Champion, Paris, 2006. ISBN 978-2-7453-1310-2

expenditure

  • The virtues of the old nobility. A story from the French. Translated by JL Benzler . in the Meyerschen Buchhandlung, Lemgo, 1772. (Le Noble)
  • Cecilie and Kalliste, or letters from Lausanne. Translated from the French by Friedrich Menzel. Verlag der Zeitungsdruckerey, Bayreuth, 1792.
  • Swiss sense. Comedy in three acts. Based on the French manuscript: L'Emigré from the wife of C ***, translated by the editor of the Peace Preliminaries (=  Ludwig Ferdinand Huber ). Vossischen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1794. ( L'Emigré )
  • The desolate one. Comedy in one act. Based on the French manuscript by the author of Swiss Sense, translated by the editor of the Peace Preliminaries. Vossischen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1794. ( L'Inconsolable )
  • Letters from the papers of some emigrants. By the author of the comedy Swiss Sense, translated and edited by LF Huber. In: Peace Preliminaries Vol. 3 and Vol. 4. 1794.
    • Reprint: Alphons and Germaine: or letters from the papers of some emigrants . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1795.
  • Three women. A novella by the Abbé de la Tour. Translated from the French manuscript by LF Huber. Peter Philipp Wolfischen Buchhandlung, Leipzig, 1795. ( Trois Femmes )
  • Vanity and love, a comedy in three acts. Translated by Therese Huber . Peter Philipp Wolfische Buchhandlung, Leipzig, 1795.
  • You and you, a comedy in three acts. Modifications made by LF Huber. Peter Philipp Wolf, Leipzig, 1796. ( La parfaite liberté ou les vous et les toi )
  • Honorine von Üserche, or the danger of the systems. A novella by Abbé de la Tour. Translated from the French manuscript by LF Huber. Peter Philipp Wolfischen Buchhandlung, Leipzig, 1796.
  • The ruins of Yedburg. From the wife of Ch…, author of Calliste, Alphons and Germaine, Drei Weiber, Honorine von Userohn u. s. w. translated from the French manuscript. (From Therese Huber ). In: Flora. Consecrated to Germany's daughters. A monthly from friends of the fair sex . Vol. 3 and 4. Cotta, Tübingen, 1798.
    • Reprint: The ruined castle . Freely edited from the French of the Abbé de la Tour. CG Weigel, Leipzig, 1801.
  • Babet from Etibal. Freely edited from the French of the Abbé de la Tour [by Christian August Wichmann]. CG Weigel, Leipzig, 1800. ( Sainte Anne )
  • Albrecht and Luise. A Swiss story. From the French of Madame ***. Translated by LF Huber. In: Flora. Consecrated to Germany's daughters. A quarterly publication from friends of the fair sex . Vol. 4. Cotta, Tübingen, 1803.
  • Correspondence between the Duchess of *** and the Princess of ***, her daughter. In: Quarterly Conversations. Published by LF Huber. Cotta, Tübingen, 1804.

Editions

  • Composities van Belle van Zuylen. 1. Airs et Romances, 2. Minuets, 3. Piano Sonates. Geredigeerd en ingeleid door Marius Flothuis. Donemus, Amsterdam, 1983. ISBN 978-90-74560-39-9 .
  • Three women. From the French by Ludwig Ferdinand Huber and Manfred Hinz (eds.). [Newly translated pp. 143–202, epilogue pp. 203–236]. Verlag Karl Stutz, Passau, 2009. ISBN 978-3-88849-073-6 .

literature

  • Philippe Godet : Madame de Charrière et ses amis, d'après de nombreux documents inédits (1740-1805) avec portraits, vues, autographes, etc. Jullien, Geneva, 1906.
  • Robert Paul Reinhäckel: Madame de Charrière and her position on the question of the social situation of women. Printed by Thomas and Hubert, Weida i. Thür., 1906. (Inaugural dissertation University of Leipzig).
  • Karl Nef : Mme de Charrière and Zingarelli. A musical curiosity from the canton of Neuchâtel. In: Schweizerische Musikzeitung , 58 (1918), pp. 245–246.
  • Charlotte Kimstedt: Mrs. von Charrière (1740–1805), her world of thought and her relationship to French and German literature. Emil Ebering, Berlin, 1938.
  • J.Th. de Booy & Roland Mortier: Les années de formation de FH Jacobi, d'après ses lettres inédites à MM Rey (1763–1771), avec “Le Noble” de Madame de Charrière. Institut et Musée Voltaire, Geneva, 1966.
  • CP Courtney: A preliminary bibliography of Isabelle de Charrière (Belle de Zuylen). Voltaire Foundation, Oxford, 1980.
  • CP Courtney: Isabelle de Charrière (Belle de Zuylen). A secondary bibliography. Voltaire Foundation, Oxford, 1982.
  • CP Courtney: Isabelle de Charrière (Belle de Zuylen). A biography. Voltaire Foundation, Oxford, 1993.
  • Ilse Nolting-Hauff: The literary triangle. Mme de Charrière, Benjamin Constant, Mme de Staël. In: Authorship. Genus and genius around 1800. Ed .: Ina Schabert & Barbara Schaff. Schmidt, Berlin, 1994, pp. 175-190.
  • Stephanie Meer-Walter: The correspondence of Isabelle de Charrières and Ludwig Ferdinand Hubers (1793-1803). University of Osnabrück, 1996.
  • Regina Köthe: Fled from the Revolution: Exile in the literary discourse after 1789. [August Lafontaine, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Isabelle de Charrière, Stéphanie de Genlis, Sénac de Meilhan] With a foreword by Klaus Siebenhaar. Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1997. XI.
  • Peter Bürger: The Disappearance of the Subject. The thinking of life. Fragments of a History of Subjectivity. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main, 1998.
  • Stephanie Meer-Walter: Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and Isabelle de Charrière - le début de la réception en Allemagne. In: Lettre de Zuylen et du Pontet 23 (1998), pp. 10-15.
  • Stephanie Meer-Walter: Der Edelmann - The publication of the first work Isabelle de Charrières especially for the German audience by Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi. In: Vossische Nachrichten 6 (September 2000), pp. 44-60.
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: Be beside yourself. Dialogic self-image in the letters of Marie de Sévigné and Isabelle de Charrière. In: Gender Studies in Romance Literature. Revisions, subversions. Volume 2 / Ed .: Renate Kroll & Margarete Zimmermann. dipa-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 1999, pp. 11-34.
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: 'Cette différence prétendue'. On the problem of a 'female' subjectivity in the texts of Isabelle de Charrières (1740–1805). In: Gender differences. Contributions to the 14th Colloquium of Romance Studies, Greifswald, 4. – 6. June 1998. Ed .: Katharina Hanau, Volker Rivinius, Anja Schliemann, Sylvia Setzkorn. Romanistischer Verlag, Bonn, 1999, pp. 61–69.
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: Life in Dialogue: Ways of Self -Assurance in the Letters of Marie de Sévigné and Isabelle de Charrière. Ulrike Helmer Verlag. Königstein / Taunus, 2000.
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: A la recherche d'une morale prize sur le vif: "Trois femmes" et le discours éthique actuel. In: Lettre de Zuylet et du Pontet 27 (2002), pp. 7-10.
  • Geneviève Bernard: Isabelle de Charrière (1740-1805), a Dutch composer of the Enlightenment. In: Rebecca Grotjahn, Freia Hoffmann (ed.): Gender polarities in the history of music from the 18th to the 20th century. Centaurus, Herbolzheim, 2002.
  • Manfred Hinz: At the origin of the 'romantic' folk heroes. James Boswell, Belle de Zuylen, David-Louis Constant d'Hermenches, and the Corsican question. In: Esprit civique and commitment. Festschrift for Henning Krauss on his 60th birthday. Edited by Hanspeter Plocher. Stauffenburg-Verlag, Tübingen, 2003, pp. 187-210.
  • Manfred Hinz: Trois coquines and the Kantian ethics: on the French debate with Kant in the last decade of the 18th century. In: Romanistische Zeitschrift für Literaturgeschichte, 28 (2004) 2, 3–4, pp. 273–301.
  • Irène Minder-Jeanneret: Uninhibited: The Swiss composers Isabelle de Charrière and Caroline Boissier-Butini. In: Elena Ostleitner / Gabriela Dorffner (ed.): An unheard of wealth of ideas. Composing contemporaries of Mozart. Strasshof, Vienna, 2006, pp. 101–116.
  • Magdalene Heuser: Ludwig Ferdinand Huber's contribution to the reception of Belle van Zuylen's work in Germany. In: Cahiers Isabelle de Charrière / Belle de Zuylen Papers, 3 (2008), pp. 40–59.
  • Suzan van Dijk: Isabelle de Charrière (1740-1805) - The writer in the role of translator. Notes on the French edition of Elizabeth Inchbald's novel Nature and Art. in translation culture in the 18th century. Translators in Germany, France and Switzerland, Brunhilde Wehinger & Hilary Brown (eds). Wehrhahn Verlag, Hanover, 2008, pp. 65–86.
  • Barbara Kuhn: J'étois deux personnes': letter aesthetics and subject design in the novels Isabelle de Charrières. In: Peripheral or Polycentric? Alternative worlds of novels in the 18th century. Edited by Barbara Kuhn and Ludger Scherer. Weidler, Berlin, 2009, pp. 109-136.
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: communities of fate. Solidarity and difference with Isabelle de Charrière. In: Brink, Margot / Pritsch, Sylvia (Hrsg.): Community in literature. On the topicality of poetic-political interventions. Königshausen and Neumann, Würzburg, 2013, pp. 137–151.
  • Christiane Solte-Gresser: German-French Salon Talks. World literature as literary practice with Manfred Schmeling and Isabelle de Charrière. In: 'Comparing at the border'. Edited by Hans-Joachim Backe; Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg, 2016, pp. 271-286. ISBN 978-3-8260-5689-5 .

Trivia

  • The asteroid with the number 9604 Bellevanzuylen was named after her in 1991 by Eric Walter Elst .
  • In Utrecht the construction of a skyscraper, the tallest building in the Netherlands, was planned, which was to be named "Belle van Zuylen".

Web links

Commons : Isabelle de Charrière  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Translations

Single receipts

  1. ^ Title page Le Noble 1763