Issa Alexandrovich Pliev

Issa Pliyev ( Russian Исса Александрович Плиев , scientific. Transliteration Issa Aleksandrovič Pliev ; Ossetian Плиты Алыксандыры фырт Иссӕ Plity Alyksandyry fýrt Issӕ * 12; ^jul. / 25. November 1903 ^greg. In Stary Batakoyurt ( Terek Oblast , Russian Empire ); † February 6, 1979 ) was a Soviet military commander and army general (1962) and two-time Hero of the Soviet Union . In 1962 he was the commander of the Soviet troops in Cuba as part of Operation Anadyr .

Life

Before World War II

Pliyev was of Ossetian origin. He fought in the civil war and then joined the Red Army in 1922 . In 1926 he became a member of the WKP (B) . He began his officer career in the same year when he graduated from the Leningrad cavalry school and was appointed commander of the cavalry school in Krasnodar. In 1933 he successfully completed his training at the military academy "MW Frunze" and from 1933 to 1936 was an operations officer of the 5th Cavalry Division . From 1936 to 1938 was an advisor to the People's Revolutionary Army of the Mongolian People's Republic . After his return to the Soviet Union, he became the commander of a cavalry regiment. In 1941 he graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR .

Second World War

In the course of the Second World War he was deployed in 1941 in the defensive battles on the German-Soviet border (" Operation Barbarossa ") and in several Soviet military missions against the Germans. At the beginning of the Second World War , Pliyev led the 50th Cavalry Division in defensive battles on the border, which was later renamed the 3rd Guards Cavalry Division. In December 1941 he took command of the 2nd Guards Cavalry Corps in the defensive battle of Moscow , in April 1942 he became commander of the 5th Guards Cavalry Corps, later the 3rd Guards Cavalry Corps and the 4th Guards Cavalry Corps under the respective leadership the western front , southern front , southwest front and the steppe front . In autumn 1942 he led cavalry formations in the battle of Stalingrad and in October 1943 during the advance to the Dnieper line in the Melitopol operation .

The following year, his troops were involved in the Bereznegovatoje-Snigiriov operation in March and April 1944 and the Odessa operation in Operation Bagration in June and July and in the attack on Romania in August 1944 . He became the commander of the 1st Mechanized Guard Cavalry Group , which was deployed in various operations under the respective command of the 3rd Ukrainian , 1st Belarusian and 2nd Ukrainian Fronts . In October 1944 he led the mechanized cavalry group Plijew in the Hungarian Puszta , which was surrounded and almost completely destroyed by units of the German armed forces during the Debrecen operation in Hungary .

At the beginning of 1945 his troops under Marshal Malinovsky were involved in the Battle of Budapest and in May 1945 in the Prague Operation . At the end of the Second World War he commanded a Soviet-Mongolian Mechanized Cavalry Group of the Transbaikal Front in Manchuria, which was deployed as part of Operation August Storm against the Japanese Kwantung Army .

After the Second World War

After the Second World War, Pliev was used in several important military leadership positions. From 1947 to 1949 he was in command of the 13th Army , headquartered in Rovno, Ukraine . In the years from 1955 to 1958 he was first deputy and from 1958 to 1968 commander of the North Caucasus military district. After the suppression of the unrest in Novocherkassk at the beginning of June 1962 by troops commanded by Pliyev, he was promoted to army general.

As part of Operation Anadyr in July 1962, he was given command of the Soviet Army contingent that had been relocated to Cuba. Although he was authorized in an oral instruction by Khrushchev to use the nine tactical nuclear weapons of the type " Luna " available to him against the American armed forces in the event of war without consulting Moscow , this did not apply to the nuclear medium-range missiles stationed in Cuba ( SS- 4 and SS-5 ). In the written order that Pliyev received from Defense Minister Malinovsky in September 1962 , however, this reservation was missing. In October 1962, Pliyev was in command of all Luna missiles, Il-28 bombers , 36 SS-4s and 36 cruise missiles of the FKR-1 type stationed in Cuba . After further nuclear weapons had arrived in Cuba, Pliyev received instructions for full combat readiness , but he was initially prohibited from using any nuclear weapons. After an American Lockheed U-2 was shot down, Pliyev was personally forbidden by Khrushchev to use anti-aircraft weapons against other U-2s, and a little later Pliyev received the order to organize the withdrawal of all nuclear weapons from Cuba.

After his return from Cuba he received the Order of Lenin for his services . He also wrote two autobiographical works about his service in World War II. In 1968 he was appointed inspector and advisor to the Inspector General's Group in the Soviet Ministry of Defense.

Pliev was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from the second to the seventh session .

Honors

Pliyev has been honored twice as Hero of the Soviet Union (April 16, 1944, September 8, 1945) and in 1971 as Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic . He received the Order of Lenin five times, the Order of Red Banner three times , the Order of Suvorov (1st class), the Order of Kutuzov (1st class), numerous medals and nine foreign orders .

Works

Через Гоби и Хинган ( Thru the Gobi Desert and the Khingan Mountains ). 1965.
Конец Квантунской армии ( The End of the Kwataung Army ). 1969.

literature

Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich . In: Priscilla Roberts (ed.): Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide . ABC-CLIO , Santa Barbara CA 2012, ISBN 978-1-61069-065-2 , pp. 149–152 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich . In: Priscilla Roberts (ed.): Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide . ABC-CLIO , Santa Barbara CA 2012, ISBN 978-1-61069-065-2 , pp. 149 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Operation August Storm in Leavenworth Paper No. 7 ( Memento of December 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) by David Glantz , accessed on February 17, 2016 (English)
↑ ^a ^b ^c Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich . In: Priscilla Roberts (ed.): Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide . ABC-CLIO , Santa Barbara CA 2012, ISBN 978-1-61069-065-2 , pp. 150 .
↑ ^a ^b Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich . In: Priscilla Roberts (ed.): Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide . ABC-CLIO , Santa Barbara CA 2012, ISBN 978-1-61069-065-2 , pp. 151 .
↑ Pliev, Issa Alexandrovich. In: warheroes.ru. Retrieved February 17, 2016 (Russian).

personal data
SURNAME	Pliev, Issa Alexandrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich; Плиев, Исса Александрович (Russian); Pliev, Issa Aleksandrovič (scientific transliteration); Иссӕ, Плиты (Ossetian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Russian army general
DATE OF BIRTH	November 25, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH	Terek Oblast
DATE OF DEATH	February 6, 1979

[roberts149-1] Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich . In: Priscilla Roberts (ed.): Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide . ABC-CLIO , Santa Barbara CA 2012, ISBN 978-1-61069-065-2 , pp. 149 .

[Leave-2] Operation August Storm in Leavenworth Paper No. 7 ( Memento of December 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) by David Glantz , accessed on February 17, 2016 (English)

[roberts150-3] Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich . In: Priscilla Roberts (ed.): Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide . ABC-CLIO , Santa Barbara CA 2012, ISBN 978-1-61069-065-2 , pp. 150 .

[roberts151-4] Pliyev, Issa Alexandrovich . In: Priscilla Roberts (ed.): Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide . ABC-CLIO , Santa Barbara CA 2012, ISBN 978-1-61069-065-2 , pp. 151 .

[5] Pliev, Issa Alexandrovich. In: warheroes.ru. Retrieved February 17, 2016 (Russian).